release: v1.1.7

.github/workflows/pages.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+name: Deploy Docs
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - master
+    paths:
+      - "docs/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/pages.yml"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  pages: write
+  id-token: write
+
+concurrency:
+  group: github-pages
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build VitePress
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "20"
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: docs/package-lock.json
+
+      - name: Setup Pages
+        uses: actions/configure-pages@v5
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        working-directory: docs
+        run: npm ci
+
+      - name: Build docs
+        working-directory: docs
+        env:
+          VITEPRESS_BASE: /
+        run: npm run build
+
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
+        with:
+          path: docs/.vitepress/dist
+
+  deploy:
+    name: Deploy GitHub Pages
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment:
+      name: github-pages
+      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
+        id: deployment
+        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4

.gitignore

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ backend/tmp/
 *.swp
 *.swo
 *~
+.claude/
 
 # OS
 .DS_Store

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
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+
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+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
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+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
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+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
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+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
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+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
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+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
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+
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+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.

backend/internal/api/apikey.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -18,66 +17,100 @@ import (
 )
 
 type ApiKey struct {
-	ID          string `json:"id"`
-	Name        string `json:"name"`
-	Key         string `json:"key,omitempty"`
-	Prefix      string `json:"prefix"`
-	IPWhitelist string `json:"ip_whitelist"`
-	CreatedAt   string `json:"created_at"`
-	LastUsed    string `json:"last_used"`
+	ID             string   `json:"id"`
+	Name           string   `json:"name"`
+	Key            string   `json:"key,omitempty"`
+	Prefix         string   `json:"prefix"`
+	IPWhitelist    string   `json:"ip_whitelist"`
+	CreatedAt      string   `json:"created_at"`
+	LastUsed       string   `json:"last_used"`
+	Scopes         []string `json:"scopes,omitempty"`
+	ExpiresAt      string   `json:"expires_at,omitempty"`
+	Disabled       bool     `json:"disabled,omitempty"`
+	ContainerUUIDs []string `json:"container_uuids,omitempty"`
+	LastUsedIP     string   `json:"last_used_ip,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type apiKeyRequest struct {
+	Name           string   `json:"name"`
+	IPWhitelist    string   `json:"ip_whitelist"`
+	Scopes         []string `json:"scopes"`
+	ExpiresAt      string   `json:"expires_at"`
+	Disabled       bool     `json:"disabled"`
+	ContainerUUIDs []string `json:"container_uuids"`
+}
+
+var defaultApiKeyScopes = []string{
+	"dashboard:read",
+	"container:read",
+	"task:read",
+	"image:read",
+	"snapshot:read",
+	"routing:read",
+	"ipv6:read",
+	"host:read",
 }
 
 // HandleApiKeys handles GET (list) and POST (create) for API keys
 func HandleApiKeys(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	switch r.Method {
 	case http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "apikey:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		listApiKeys(w, r)
 	case http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "apikey:create") {
+			return
+		}
 		createApiKey(w, r)
 	default:
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 	}
 }
 
-// HandleApiKeyDelete handles DELETE for a specific API key
+// HandleApiKeyDelete handles PATCH and DELETE for a specific API key
 func HandleApiKeyDelete(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.Method != http.MethodDelete {
+	switch r.Method {
+	case http.MethodPatch:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "apikey:update") {
+			return
+		}
+		updateApiKey(w, r)
+	case http.MethodDelete:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "apikey:delete") {
+			return
+		}
+		deleteApiKey(w, r)
+	default:
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
-		return
 	}
-	keyID := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/api-keys/")
-	if keyID == "" {
-		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Key ID required"})
-		return
-	}
-	config.DeleteApiKey(keyID)
-	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Message: "API key deleted"})
+}
+
+func apiKeyIDFromPath(path string) string {
+	path = strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/api/api-keys/")
+	path = strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/api/v1/api-keys/")
+	return strings.Trim(path, "/")
 }
 
 func listApiKeys(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	keys := make([]ApiKey, 0)
 	for _, k := range config.AppConfig.ApiKeys {
-		keys = append(keys, ApiKey{
-			ID:          k.ID,
-			Name:        k.Name,
-			Prefix:      k.Prefix,
-			IPWhitelist: k.IPWhitelist,
-			CreatedAt:   k.CreatedAt,
-			LastUsed:    k.LastUsed,
-		})
+		keys = append(keys, apiKeyResponse(k))
 	}
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: keys})
 }
 
 func createApiKey(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	var req struct {
-		Name        string `json:"name"`
-		IPWhitelist string `json:"ip_whitelist"`
-	}
-	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil || req.Name == "" {
+	var req apiKeyRequest
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(req.Name) == "" {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Name is required"})
 		return
 	}
+	if req.ExpiresAt != "" && !validApiKeyTime(req.ExpiresAt) {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid expiration date"})
+		return
+	}
 
 	// Generate key: clicd_sk_ + 32 hex chars
 	rawBytes := make([]byte, 16)
@@ -94,31 +127,109 @@ func createApiKey(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 
 	now := time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
+	scopes := normalizeRequestedScopes(req.Scopes, defaultApiKeyScopes)
 	key := config.ApiKeyConfig{
-		ID:          generateShortID(),
-		Name:        req.Name,
-		KeyHash:     keyHash,
-		Prefix:      rawKey[:13] + "...",
-		IPWhitelist: strings.TrimSpace(req.IPWhitelist),
-		CreatedAt:   now,
+		ID:             generateShortID(),
+		Name:           strings.TrimSpace(req.Name),
+		KeyHash:        keyHash,
+		Prefix:         rawKey[:13] + "...",
+		IPWhitelist:    strings.TrimSpace(req.IPWhitelist),
+		CreatedAt:      now,
+		Scopes:         scopes,
+		ExpiresAt:      strings.TrimSpace(req.ExpiresAt),
+		Disabled:       req.Disabled,
+		ContainerUUIDs: normalizeStringSlice(req.ContainerUUIDs),
 	}
 	config.AppConfig.ApiKeys = append(config.AppConfig.ApiKeys, key)
-	config.SaveConfig()
+	if err := config.SaveConfig(); err != nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Failed to save API key"})
+		return
+	}
+	auditRequest(r, "apikey.create", key.Name, "scopes="+strings.Join(key.Scopes, ","), true, "")
 
+	resp := apiKeyResponse(key)
+	resp.Key = rawKey
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusCreated, APIResponse{
 		Success: true,
 		Message: "API key created. Save this key now - it won't be shown again.",
-		Data: ApiKey{
-			ID:          key.ID,
-			Name:        key.Name,
-			Key:         rawKey,
-			Prefix:      key.Prefix,
-			IPWhitelist: key.IPWhitelist,
-			CreatedAt:   key.CreatedAt,
-		},
+		Data:    resp,
 	})
 }
 
+func updateApiKey(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	keyID := apiKeyIDFromPath(r.URL.Path)
+	if keyID == "" {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Key ID required"})
+		return
+	}
+	var req apiKeyRequest
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid request body"})
+		return
+	}
+	if req.ExpiresAt != "" && !validApiKeyTime(req.ExpiresAt) {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid expiration date"})
+		return
+	}
+	for i := range config.AppConfig.ApiKeys {
+		if config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].ID != keyID {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(req.Name) != "" {
+			config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+		}
+		config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].IPWhitelist = strings.TrimSpace(req.IPWhitelist)
+		if len(req.Scopes) > 0 {
+			config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Scopes = normalizeStringSlice(req.Scopes)
+		}
+		config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].ExpiresAt = strings.TrimSpace(req.ExpiresAt)
+		config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Disabled = req.Disabled
+		config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].ContainerUUIDs = normalizeStringSlice(req.ContainerUUIDs)
+		if err := config.SaveConfig(); err != nil {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Failed to save API key"})
+			return
+		}
+		auditRequest(r, "apikey.update", config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Name, "scopes="+strings.Join(config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Scopes, ","), true, "")
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: apiKeyResponse(config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[i])})
+		return
+	}
+	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "API key not found"})
+}
+
+func deleteApiKey(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	keyID := apiKeyIDFromPath(r.URL.Path)
+	if keyID == "" {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Key ID required"})
+		return
+	}
+	name := keyID
+	for _, k := range config.AppConfig.ApiKeys {
+		if k.ID == keyID {
+			name = k.Name
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	config.DeleteApiKey(keyID)
+	auditRequest(r, "apikey.delete", name, "", true, "")
+	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Message: "API key deleted"})
+}
+
+func apiKeyResponse(k config.ApiKeyConfig) ApiKey {
+	return ApiKey{
+		ID:             k.ID,
+		Name:           k.Name,
+		Prefix:         k.Prefix,
+		IPWhitelist:    k.IPWhitelist,
+		CreatedAt:      k.CreatedAt,
+		LastUsed:       k.LastUsed,
+		Scopes:         normalizeApiKeyScopes(k.Scopes),
+		ExpiresAt:      k.ExpiresAt,
+		Disabled:       k.Disabled,
+		ContainerUUIDs: k.ContainerUUIDs,
+		LastUsedIP:     k.LastUsedIP,
+	}
+}
+
 func generateShortID() string {
 	b := make([]byte, 4)
 	rand.Read(b)
@@ -203,13 +314,21 @@ func matchApiKey(rawKey string) (idx int, needsRehash bool) {
 
 // validateApiKey checks if the given key is valid and IP is allowed.
 func validateApiKey(rawKey, clientIP string) bool {
+	_, ok := validateApiKeyDetails(rawKey, clientIP)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func validateApiKeyDetails(rawKey, clientIP string) (*config.ApiKeyConfig, bool) {
 	idx, needsRehash := matchApiKey(rawKey)
 	if idx < 0 {
-		return false
+		return nil, false
 	}
-	k := config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[idx]
-	if k.IPWhitelist != "" && !isIPAllowed(clientIP, k.IPWhitelist) {
-		return false
+	k := &config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[idx]
+	if k.Disabled || apiKeyExpired(k.ExpiresAt) {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	if clientIP != "" && k.IPWhitelist != "" && !isIPAllowed(clientIP, k.IPWhitelist) {
+		return nil, false
 	}
 	if needsRehash {
 		if newHash, err := hashAPIKey(rawKey); err == nil {
@@ -217,7 +336,38 @@ func validateApiKey(rawKey, clientIP string) bool {
 			config.SaveConfig()
 		}
 	}
-	return true
+	if len(k.Scopes) == 0 {
+		k.Scopes = []string{"*"}
+	}
+	return k, true
+}
+
+func validateApiKeyRequest(r *http.Request) (*config.ApiKeyConfig, bool) {
+	apiKey := apiKeyFromRequest(r)
+	if apiKey == "" {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	key, ok := validateApiKeyDetails(apiKey, clientIP(r))
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	updateApiKeyLastUsedForKey(key, clientIP(r))
+	return key, true
+}
+
+func authContextFromAPIKey(key *config.ApiKeyConfig) AuthContext {
+	actor := "api:" + key.ID
+	if key.Name != "" {
+		actor = "api:" + key.Name
+	}
+	return AuthContext{
+		Type:           authTypeAPIKey,
+		ApiKeyID:       key.ID,
+		ApiKeyName:     key.Name,
+		Actor:          actor,
+		Scopes:         normalizeApiKeyScopes(key.Scopes),
+		ContainerUUIDs: key.ContainerUUIDs,
+	}
 }
 
 func apiKeyFromRequest(r *http.Request) string {
@@ -232,23 +382,16 @@ func apiKeyFromRequest(r *http.Request) string {
 }
 
 func isValidApiKeyRequest(r *http.Request) bool {
-	apiKey := apiKeyFromRequest(r)
-	if apiKey == "" {
-		return false
-	}
-	if !validateApiKey(apiKey, clientIP(r)) {
-		return false
-	}
-	updateApiKeyLastUsed(apiKey)
-	return true
+	_, ok := validateApiKeyRequest(r)
+	return ok
 }
 
 // isIPAllowed checks if clientIP matches any entry in the whitelist
 func isIPAllowed(clientIP, whitelist string) bool {
-	clientIP = strings.TrimSpace(clientIP)
-	// Strip port if present
-	if idx := strings.LastIndex(clientIP, ":"); idx > strings.LastIndex(clientIP, "]") {
-		clientIP = clientIP[:idx]
+	clientIP = normalizeIPString(clientIP)
+	client := net.ParseIP(clientIP)
+	if client == nil {
+		return false
 	}
 	for _, entry := range strings.Split(whitelist, "\n") {
 		entry = strings.TrimSpace(entry)
@@ -256,74 +399,97 @@ func isIPAllowed(clientIP, whitelist string) bool {
 			continue
 		}
 		if strings.Contains(entry, "/") {
-			// CIDR match
-			if ipInCIDR(clientIP, entry) {
+			_, network, err := net.ParseCIDR(entry)
+			if err == nil && network.Contains(client) {
 				return true
 			}
-		} else if entry == clientIP {
+			continue
+		}
+		if allowed := net.ParseIP(normalizeIPString(entry)); allowed != nil && allowed.Equal(client) {
 			return true
 		}
 	}
 	return false
 }
 
-func ipInCIDR(ipStr, cidr string) bool {
-	parts := strings.Split(cidr, "/")
-	if len(parts) != 2 {
-		return false
-	}
-	// Simple prefix match for IPv4
-	ip := netParseIP(ipStr)
-	cidrIP := netParseIP(parts[0])
-	if ip == nil || cidrIP == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	bits, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
-	if err != nil || bits < 0 || bits > 32 {
-		return false
-	}
-	mask := uint32(0xFFFFFFFF) << (32 - bits)
-	ipVal := ip4ToUint32(ip)
-	cidrVal := ip4ToUint32(cidrIP)
-	return (ipVal & mask) == (cidrVal & mask)
-}
-
-func netParseIP(s string) net.IP {
+func normalizeIPString(s string) string {
 	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
-	if idx := strings.LastIndex(s, ":"); idx > strings.LastIndex(s, "]") {
-		s = s[:idx]
+	if host, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(s); err == nil {
+		return strings.Trim(host, "[]")
 	}
-	return net.ParseIP(s)
+	return strings.Trim(s, "[]")
 }
 
-func ip4ToUint32(ip net.IP) uint32 {
-	ip = ip.To4()
-	if ip == nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-	return uint32(ip[0])<<24 | uint32(ip[1])<<16 | uint32(ip[2])<<8 | uint32(ip[3])
+func ipInCIDR(ipStr, cidr string) bool {
+	ip := net.ParseIP(normalizeIPString(ipStr))
+	_, network, err := net.ParseCIDR(cidr)
+	return err == nil && ip != nil && network.Contains(ip)
 }
 
 // updateApiKeyLastUsed marks the key as recently used.
 func updateApiKeyLastUsed(rawKey string) {
-	idx, _ := matchApiKey(rawKey)
-	if idx < 0 {
+	key, ok := validateApiKeyDetails(rawKey, "")
+	if !ok {
 		return
 	}
-	config.AppConfig.ApiKeys[idx].LastUsed = time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
+	updateApiKeyLastUsedForKey(key, "")
+}
+
+func updateApiKeyLastUsedForKey(key *config.ApiKeyConfig, ip string) {
+	key.LastUsed = time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")
+	if ip != "" {
+		key.LastUsedIP = ip
+	}
 	config.SaveConfig()
 }
 
 // ApiKeyMiddleware authenticates requests via X-API-Key header or Authorization bearer.
 func ApiKeyMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		apiKey := apiKeyFromRequest(r)
-		if apiKey == "" || !validateApiKey(apiKey, clientIP(r)) {
+		key, ok := validateApiKeyRequest(r)
+		if !ok {
 			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid API key or IP not in whitelist"})
 			return
 		}
-
-		updateApiKeyLastUsed(apiKey)
-		next(w, r)
+		next(w, withAuthContext(r, authContextFromAPIKey(key)))
 	}
 }
+
+func normalizeApiKeyScopes(scopes []string) []string {
+	return normalizeRequestedScopes(scopes, []string{"*"})
+}
+
+func normalizeRequestedScopes(scopes []string, fallback []string) []string {
+	result := normalizeStringSlice(scopes)
+	if len(result) == 0 {
+		return append([]string(nil), fallback...)
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func normalizeStringSlice(values []string) []string {
+	seen := map[string]bool{}
+	result := make([]string, 0, len(values))
+	for _, value := range values {
+		value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+		if value == "" || seen[value] {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[value] = true
+		result = append(result, value)
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func validApiKeyTime(value string) bool {
+	_, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", value, time.Local)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+func apiKeyExpired(value string) bool {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(value) == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	expiresAt, err := time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", value, time.Local)
+	return err == nil && !time.Now().Before(expiresAt)
+}

backend/internal/api/auth.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package api
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
@@ -28,6 +29,132 @@ type APIResponse struct {
 	Data    interface{} `json:"data,omitempty"`
 }
 
+type authContextKey struct{}
+
+type AuthContext struct {
+	Type           string
+	Username       string
+	ApiKeyID       string
+	ApiKeyName     string
+	Actor          string
+	Scopes         []string
+	ContainerUUIDs []string
+}
+
+const (
+	authTypeAdmin   = "admin"
+	authTypeSubUser = "sub_user"
+	authTypeAPIKey  = "api_key"
+)
+
+func withAuthContext(r *http.Request, auth AuthContext) *http.Request {
+	return r.WithContext(context.WithValue(r.Context(), authContextKey{}, auth))
+}
+
+func authContextFromRequest(r *http.Request) (AuthContext, bool) {
+	ctx, ok := r.Context().Value(authContextKey{}).(AuthContext)
+	return ctx, ok
+}
+
+func requestActor(r *http.Request) string {
+	if ctx, ok := authContextFromRequest(r); ok && ctx.Actor != "" {
+		return ctx.Actor
+	}
+	if claims, ok := claimsFromRequest(r); ok {
+		if subUser, _ := claims["sub_user"].(string); subUser != "" {
+			return "user:" + subUser
+		}
+		if username, _ := claims["username"].(string); username != "" {
+			return username
+		}
+	}
+	return "admin"
+}
+
+func hasScope(r *http.Request, scope string) bool {
+	ctx, ok := authContextFromRequest(r)
+	if !ok {
+		return true
+	}
+	switch ctx.Type {
+	case authTypeAdmin:
+		return true
+	case authTypeSubUser:
+		return subUserScopeAllowed(scope)
+	case authTypeAPIKey:
+		return scopeAllowed(ctx.Scopes, scope)
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func subUserScopeAllowed(scope string) bool {
+	switch scope {
+	case "container:read", "container:power", "container:reinstall", "container:network",
+		"dashboard:read", "image:read", "task:read", "snapshot:read", "snapshot:create", "snapshot:delete", "snapshot:restore", "snapshot:schedule",
+		"terminal:ssh", "terminal:vnc":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func hasAnyScope(r *http.Request, scopes ...string) bool {
+	for _, scope := range scopes {
+		if hasScope(r, scope) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func scopeAllowed(scopes []string, required string) bool {
+	for _, scope := range scopes {
+		scope = strings.TrimSpace(scope)
+		if scope == "*" || scope == "admin:*" || scope == required {
+			return true
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(scope, ":*") {
+			prefix := strings.TrimSuffix(scope, "*")
+			if strings.HasPrefix(required, prefix) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func requireScope(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, scope string) bool {
+	if hasScope(r, scope) {
+		return true
+	}
+	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Insufficient API key scope"})
+	return false
+}
+
+func ScopeMiddleware(scope string, next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if !requireScope(w, r, scope) {
+			return
+		}
+		next(w, r)
+	}
+}
+
+func AnyScopeMiddleware(scopes []string, next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if hasAnyScope(r, scopes...) {
+			next(w, r)
+			return
+		}
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Insufficient API key scope"})
+	}
+}
+
+func auditRequest(r *http.Request, action, target, detail string, success bool, errMsg string) {
+	config.AddAuditLogFull(action, target, detail, requestActor(r), clientIP(r), r.UserAgent(), success, errMsg)
+}
+
 func jsonResponse(w http.ResponseWriter, status int, resp APIResponse) {
 	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 	w.WriteHeader(status)
@@ -75,8 +202,10 @@ func claimsFromToken(tokenString string) (jwt.MapClaims, bool) {
 	if subUser, _ := claims["sub_user"].(string); subUser != "" {
 		tokenVersionFloat, hasVersion := claims["token_version"].(float64)
 		tokenVersion := int(tokenVersionFloat)
+		foundSubUser := false
 		for i := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
 			if config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i].Username == subUser {
+				foundSubUser = true
 				stored := config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i].TokenVersion
 				// If stored version > 0, require token_version to match exactly.
 				// This also rejects legacy tokens that lack token_version entirely.
@@ -86,6 +215,9 @@ func claimsFromToken(tokenString string) (jwt.MapClaims, bool) {
 				break
 			}
 		}
+		if !foundSubUser {
+			return nil, false
+		}
 	}
 
 	return claims, ok
@@ -96,6 +228,9 @@ func claimsFromRequest(r *http.Request) (jwt.MapClaims, bool) {
 }
 
 func isSubUserRequest(r *http.Request) bool {
+	if ctx, ok := authContextFromRequest(r); ok {
+		return ctx.Type == authTypeSubUser
+	}
 	claims, ok := claimsFromRequest(r)
 	if !ok {
 		return false
@@ -210,19 +345,45 @@ func HandleCheckAuth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 func AuthMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		tokenString := tokenFromRequest(r)
-		if !isValidToken(tokenString) && !isValidApiKeyRequest(r) {
-			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Authentication required"})
+		if claims, ok := claimsFromToken(tokenString); ok {
+			if subUser, _ := claims["sub_user"].(string); subUser != "" {
+				auth := AuthContext{Type: authTypeSubUser, Username: subUser, Actor: "user:" + subUser}
+				if values, ok := claims["container_uuids"].([]interface{}); ok {
+					for _, value := range values {
+						if uuid, ok := value.(string); ok {
+							auth.ContainerUUIDs = append(auth.ContainerUUIDs, uuid)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				next(w, withAuthContext(r, auth))
+				return
+			}
+			username, _ := claims["username"].(string)
+			if username == "" {
+				username = config.AppConfig.AdminUser
+			}
+			next(w, withAuthContext(r, AuthContext{Type: authTypeAdmin, Username: username, Actor: username}))
 			return
 		}
 
-		next(w, r)
+		if key, ok := validateApiKeyRequest(r); ok {
+			next(w, withAuthContext(r, authContextFromAPIKey(key)))
+			return
+		}
+
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Authentication required"})
 	}
 }
 
 // AdminMiddleware requires a valid administrator token and rejects sub-user tokens.
 func AdminMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 	return AuthMiddleware(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if isSubUserRequest(r) {
+		ctx, _ := authContextFromRequest(r)
+		if ctx.Type == authTypeSubUser {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Administrator permission required"})
+			return
+		}
+		if ctx.Type == authTypeAPIKey && !scopeAllowed(ctx.Scopes, "admin:access") {
 			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Administrator permission required"})
 			return
 		}

backend/internal/api/disk_stat_fallback.go

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//go:build !linux
+
+package api
+
+func getRootDiskInfo() (DiskInfo, bool) {
+	return DiskInfo{}, false
+}

backend/internal/api/disk_stat_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//go:build linux
+
+package api
+
+import "golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+
+func getRootDiskInfo() (DiskInfo, bool) {
+	var stat unix.Statfs_t
+	if err := unix.Statfs("/", &stat); err != nil {
+		return DiskInfo{}, false
+	}
+
+	total := float64(int64(stat.Blocks)*int64(stat.Bsize)) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)
+	free := float64(int64(stat.Bavail)*int64(stat.Bsize)) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024)
+
+	return DiskInfo{
+		TotalGB: total,
+		UsedGB:  total - free,
+		FreeGB:  free,
+	}, true
+}

backend/internal/api/handlers.go

@@ -20,17 +20,41 @@ var lxcManager = lxc.NewManager()
 func HandleContainers(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	switch r.Method {
 	case http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		listContainers(w, r)
 	case http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:create") {
+			return
+		}
+		if isAccessRestrictedRequest(r) {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Container-bound API keys cannot create containers"})
+			return
+		}
 		createContainer(w, r)
 	default:
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 	}
 }
 
+// HandleContainerListAlias supports legacy integrations that call
+// /api/containers/list or /api/v1/containers/list.
+func HandleContainerListAlias(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodGet && r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
+		return
+	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "container:read") {
+		return
+	}
+	listContainers(w, r)
+}
+
 // HandleSingleContainer handles individual container operations by ID or name: /api/containers/{id-or-name}/...
 func HandleSingleContainer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	path := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/containers/")
+	path := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/v1/containers/")
+	path = strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/api/containers/")
 	parts := strings.SplitN(path, "/", 2)
 	c := containerByIdentifier(parts[0])
 	id := 0
@@ -50,6 +74,10 @@ func HandleSingleContainer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Container not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !isSnapshotAction && !isContainerAllowedForRequest(r, parts[0]) {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Access denied to this container"})
+		return
+	}
 	if isSnapshotAction && id == 0 {
 		// For orphaned snapshots, resolve containerID from the snapshot itself
 		snapshotID := strings.TrimPrefix(action, "snapshots/")
@@ -61,45 +89,105 @@ func HandleSingleContainer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		}
 		id = snapshot.ContainerID
 	}
+	if isSnapshotAction {
+		if c := config.FindContainer(id); c != nil && !isContainerAllowedForRequest(r, c.UUID) {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Access denied to this container"})
+			return
+		}
+	}
 
 	switch {
 	case action == "start" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:power") {
+			return
+		}
 		HandleSingleTaskAction(w, r, id, "start")
 	case action == "stop" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:power") {
+			return
+		}
 		HandleSingleTaskAction(w, r, id, "stop")
 	case action == "restart" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:power") {
+			return
+		}
 		HandleSingleTaskAction(w, r, id, "restart")
 	case action == "reinstall" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:reinstall") {
+			return
+		}
 		HandleSingleTaskAction(w, r, id, "reinstall")
 	case action == "delete" && r.Method == http.MethodDelete:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:delete") {
+			return
+		}
 		HandleSingleTaskAction(w, r, id, "delete")
 	case action == "reset-password" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:password") {
+			return
+		}
 		resetSSHPassword(w, r, id)
 	case action == "usage" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		getUsage(w, r, id)
 	case action == "traffic" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		getTraffic(w, r, id)
 	case action == "traffic-reset" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:traffic") {
+			return
+		}
 		resetTraffic(w, r, id)
 	case action == "traffic-limit" && r.Method == http.MethodPut:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:traffic") {
+			return
+		}
 		updateTrafficLimit(w, r, id)
 	case action == "resource-limit" && r.Method == http.MethodPut:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:resize") {
+			return
+		}
 		updateResourceLimit(w, r, id)
 	case action == "random-port" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:network") {
+			return
+		}
 		getRandomPort(w, r, id)
 	case action == "expiry" && r.Method == http.MethodPut:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:resize") {
+			return
+		}
 		updateExpiry(w, r, id)
 	case action == "ipv6" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "ipv6:assign") {
+			return
+		}
 		assignIPv6(w, r, id)
 	case action == "snapshots" || strings.HasPrefix(action, "snapshots/"):
 		handleContainerSnapshots(w, r, id, action)
 	case action == "port-mappings" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:network") {
+			return
+		}
 		addPortMapping(w, r, id)
 	case strings.HasPrefix(action, "port-mappings/") && r.Method == http.MethodPut:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:network") {
+			return
+		}
 		updatePortMapping(w, r, id, strings.TrimPrefix(action, "port-mappings/"))
 	case strings.HasPrefix(action, "port-mappings/") && r.Method == http.MethodDelete:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:network") {
+			return
+		}
 		deletePortMapping(w, r, id, strings.TrimPrefix(action, "port-mappings/"))
 	case r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "container:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		getContainer(w, r, id)
 	default:
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Action not found"})
@@ -348,6 +436,9 @@ func HandleTemplates(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:read") {
+		return
+	}
 	if isSubUserRequest(r) {
 		HandleEnabledImages(w, r)
 		return
@@ -362,7 +453,11 @@ func HandleDashboard(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "dashboard:read") {
+		return
+	}
 	containers, _ := listByRuntime()
+	containers = filterContainersForRequest(r, containers)
 	running := 0
 	stopped := 0
 	for _, c := range containers {
@@ -386,6 +481,9 @@ func HandleHostInfo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "host:read") {
+		return
+	}
 	info := getHostInfo()
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: info})
 }

backend/internal/api/images.go

@@ -221,6 +221,9 @@ func HandleImages(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	enabledSet := getEnabledImageSet()
 	cleanupOldImageDownloadErrors()
@@ -287,6 +290,9 @@ func HandleImageDownload(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:download") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var req struct {
 		TemplateID string `json:"template_id"`
@@ -397,6 +403,9 @@ func HandleImageCancel(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:download") {
+		return
+	}
 	var req struct {
 		TemplateID string `json:"template_id"`
 	}
@@ -434,6 +443,9 @@ func HandleImageDelete(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:delete") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var req struct {
 		TemplateID string `json:"template_id"`
@@ -484,6 +496,9 @@ func HandleImageToggle(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:toggle") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var req struct {
 		TemplateID string `json:"template_id"`
@@ -510,6 +525,9 @@ func HandleEnabledImages(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "image:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	runtime := runtimeFromRequest(r.URL.Query().Get("type"))
 	enabledSet := getEnabledImageSet()

backend/internal/api/ipv6.go

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ func HandleIPv6Status(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "ipv6:read") {
+		return
+	}
 	status := lxcManager.DetectIPv6Status()
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: status})
 }

backend/internal/api/routing.go

@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ func HandleRouting(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "routing:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	nat4Mappings := make([]nat4Route, 0)
 	usedPorts := map[int]bool{}

backend/internal/api/security.go

@@ -654,18 +654,27 @@ func HandleSecurityAlerts(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "security:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
-	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: mergedSecurityAlerts()})
+	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: filterSecurityAlertsForRequest(r, mergedSecurityAlerts())})
 }
 
 // HandleSecuritySettings returns or updates security automation settings.
 func HandleSecuritySettings(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	switch r.Method {
 	case http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "security:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: map[string]bool{
 			"auto_shutdown": config.AppConfig.SecurityAutoShutdown,
 		}})
 	case http.MethodPut:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "security:settings") {
+			return
+		}
 		var req struct {
 			AutoShutdown bool `json:"auto_shutdown"`
 		}
@@ -678,6 +687,7 @@ func HandleSecuritySettings(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error()})
 			return
 		}
+		auditRequest(r, "security.settings", "auto_shutdown", fmt.Sprintf("auto_shutdown=%v", req.AutoShutdown), true, "")
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: map[string]bool{
 			"auto_shutdown": config.AppConfig.SecurityAutoShutdown,
 		}})
@@ -692,6 +702,9 @@ func HandleSecurityCheck(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "security:check") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var req struct {
 		ContainerName string `json:"container_name"`
@@ -706,6 +719,10 @@ func HandleSecurityCheck(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Container not found or not running"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !isContainerAllowedForRequest(r, c.UUID) {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Access denied to this container"})
+		return
+	}
 
 	ensureScanner().checkContainer(c.Name, c.IP)
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Message: "Security check completed"})
@@ -717,6 +734,9 @@ func HandleSecurityLogs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "security:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	containerName := r.URL.Query().Get("container")
 	if containerName == "" {
@@ -729,6 +749,10 @@ func HandleSecurityLogs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: []map[string]interface{}{}})
 		return
 	}
+	if !isContainerAllowedForRequest(r, c.UUID) {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Access denied to this container"})
+		return
+	}
 
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: getConnectionLogs(c.IP)})
 }
@@ -781,12 +805,15 @@ func HandleContainerSecuritySummary(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "security:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	critical := 0
 	high := 0
 	medium := 0
 	low := 0
-	alerts := mergedSecurityAlerts()
+	alerts := filterSecurityAlertsForRequest(r, mergedSecurityAlerts())
 	for _, a := range alerts {
 		switch a.Severity {
 		case "critical":
@@ -812,6 +839,20 @@ func HandleContainerSecuritySummary(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: summary})
 }
 
+func filterSecurityAlertsForRequest(r *http.Request, alerts []SecurityAlert) []SecurityAlert {
+	allowed, restricted := requestAllowedContainers(r)
+	if !restricted {
+		return alerts
+	}
+	filtered := make([]SecurityAlert, 0, len(alerts))
+	for _, alert := range alerts {
+		if c := config.FindContainerByName(alert.ContainerName); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
+			filtered = append(filtered, alert)
+		}
+	}
+	return filtered
+}
+
 func mergedSecurityAlerts() []SecurityAlert {
 	ss := ensureScanner()
 	ss.mu.Lock()

backend/internal/api/settings.go

@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ func HandleLoginLogs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "loginlog:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	// Return in reverse (newest first)
 	reversed := make([]LoginLog, len(loginLogs))

backend/internal/api/snapshots.go

@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@ func HandleSnapshots(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:read") {
+		return
+	}
 	snapshots := append([]config.Snapshot(nil), config.AppConfig.Snapshots...)
+	snapshots = filterSnapshotsForRequest(r, snapshots)
 	sortSnapshotsNewestFirst(snapshots)
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: snapshots})
 }
@@ -24,17 +28,35 @@ func HandleSnapshots(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 func handleContainerSnapshots(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, containerID int, action string) {
 	switch {
 	case action == "snapshots" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		listContainerSnapshots(w, r, containerID)
 	case action == "snapshots" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:create") {
+			return
+		}
 		createContainerSnapshot(w, r, containerID)
 	case action == "snapshots/schedule" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:schedule") {
+			return
+		}
 		updateSnapshotSchedule(w, r, containerID)
 	case action == "snapshots/quota" && r.Method == http.MethodPut:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:schedule") {
+			return
+		}
 		updateSnapshotQuota(w, r, containerID)
 	case strings.HasPrefix(action, "snapshots/") && strings.HasSuffix(action, "/restore") && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:restore") {
+			return
+		}
 		snapshotID := strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimPrefix(action, "snapshots/"), "/restore")
 		restoreContainerSnapshot(w, r, containerID, snapshotID)
 	case strings.HasPrefix(action, "snapshots/") && r.Method == http.MethodDelete:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "snapshot:delete") {
+			return
+		}
 		snapshotID := strings.TrimPrefix(action, "snapshots/")
 		deleteContainerSnapshot(w, r, containerID, snapshotID)
 	default:
@@ -186,15 +208,7 @@ func restoreContainerSnapshot(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, containerI
 }
 
 func requestUser(r *http.Request) string {
-	if claims, ok := claimsFromRequest(r); ok {
-		if subUser, _ := claims["sub_user"].(string); subUser != "" {
-			return "user:" + subUser
-		}
-		if username, _ := claims["username"].(string); username != "" {
-			return username
-		}
-	}
-	return "admin"
+	return requestActor(r)
 }
 
 func sortSnapshotsNewestFirst(snapshots []config.Snapshot) {
@@ -204,3 +218,17 @@ func sortSnapshotsNewestFirst(snapshots []config.Snapshot) {
 		return tj.Before(ti)
 	})
 }
+
+func filterSnapshotsForRequest(r *http.Request, snapshots []config.Snapshot) []config.Snapshot {
+	allowed, restricted := requestAllowedContainers(r)
+	if !restricted {
+		return snapshots
+	}
+	filtered := make([]config.Snapshot, 0, len(snapshots))
+	for _, snapshot := range snapshots {
+		if c := config.FindContainer(snapshot.ContainerID); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
+			filtered = append(filtered, snapshot)
+		}
+	}
+	return filtered
+}

backend/internal/api/ssh.go

@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ func HandleWebSSHTicket(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "terminal:ssh") {
+		return
+	}
 	var req struct {
 		ContainerName string `json:"container_name"`
 	}

backend/internal/api/ssl.go

@@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/ecdsa"
+	"crypto/elliptic"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"crypto/x509/pkix"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"clicd/internal/config"
+)
+
+type sslSettingsRequest struct {
+	Enabled  bool   `json:"enabled"`
+	Mode     string `json:"mode"`
+	Target   string `json:"target"`
+	Email    string `json:"email"`
+	CertPEM  string `json:"cert_pem"`
+	KeyPEM   string `json:"key_pem"`
+	ApplyNow bool   `json:"apply_now"`
+}
+
+type sslCertificateInfo struct {
+	Subject   string   `json:"subject"`
+	Issuer    string   `json:"issuer"`
+	DNSNames  []string `json:"dns_names"`
+	IPNames   []string `json:"ip_names"`
+	NotBefore string   `json:"not_before"`
+	NotAfter  string   `json:"not_after"`
+	Valid     bool     `json:"valid"`
+}
+
+type sslSavedCertificateStatus struct {
+	config.SSLConfig
+	Certificate *sslCertificateInfo `json:"certificate,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type sslSettingsResponse struct {
+	config.SSLConfig
+	DetectedHost     string                               `json:"detected_host"`
+	Certificate      *sslCertificateInfo                  `json:"certificate,omitempty"`
+	ModeCertificates map[string]sslSavedCertificateStatus `json:"mode_certificates"`
+	NeedsRestart     bool                                 `json:"needs_restart,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func HandleSSLSettings(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	switch r.Method {
+	case http.MethodGet:
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: sslSettingsStatus(r, false)})
+	case http.MethodPut:
+		updateSSLSettings(w, r)
+	default:
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
+	}
+}
+
+func updateSSLSettings(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	var req sslSettingsRequest
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid request body"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	mode := config.NormalizeSSLMode(req.Mode)
+	if !req.Enabled || mode == config.SSLModeDisabled {
+		saveCurrentSSLSlot()
+		config.AppConfig.SSL = config.SSLConfig{Enabled: false, Mode: config.SSLModeDisabled}
+		if err := config.SaveConfig(); err != nil {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Save SSL settings failed"})
+			return
+		}
+		restartIfRequested(req.ApplyNow)
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Message: "SSL disabled", Data: sslSettingsStatus(r, true)})
+		return
+	}
+
+	target := strings.TrimSpace(req.Target)
+	if target == "" {
+		target = detectedRequestHost(r)
+	}
+	if target == "" {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "SSL target is required"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	next, err := resolveSSLModeCertificate(mode, target, strings.TrimSpace(req.Email), req.CertPEM, req.KeyPEM)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = config.SaveConfig()
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error(), Data: sslSettingsStatus(r, false)})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := validateCertificatePair(next.CertPath, next.KeyPath); err != nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	next.LastIssuedAt = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	next.Enabled = true
+	config.AppConfig.SSL = next
+	saveSSLSlot(next)
+	if err := config.SaveConfig(); err != nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Save SSL settings failed"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	restartIfRequested(req.ApplyNow)
+	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Message: "SSL settings saved", Data: sslSettingsStatus(r, true)})
+}
+
+func sslSettingsStatus(r *http.Request, needsRestart bool) sslSettingsResponse {
+	cfg := config.AppConfig.SSL
+	cfg.KeyPath = maskExistingPath(cfg.KeyPath)
+	resp := sslSettingsResponse{
+		SSLConfig:        cfg,
+		DetectedHost:     detectedRequestHost(r),
+		ModeCertificates: sslModeCertificatesStatus(),
+		NeedsRestart:     needsRestart,
+	}
+	if cert, err := readCertificateInfo(config.AppConfig.SSL.CertPath); err == nil {
+		resp.Certificate = cert
+	}
+	return resp
+}
+
+func resolveSSLModeCertificate(mode, target, email, certPEM, keyPEM string) (config.SSLConfig, error) {
+	if config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates == nil {
+		config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates = map[string]config.SSLConfig{}
+	}
+	next := config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates[mode]
+	next.Mode = mode
+	next.Target = target
+	if email != "" || next.Email == "" {
+		next.Email = email
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	switch mode {
+	case config.SSLModeUploaded:
+		if strings.TrimSpace(certPEM) != "" || strings.TrimSpace(keyPEM) != "" {
+			next.CertPath, next.KeyPath, err = saveUploadedCertificate(certPEM, keyPEM)
+		} else if next.CertPath == "" || next.KeyPath == "" {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("certificate and private key are required")
+		} else if !certificateUsable(next.CertPath, next.KeyPath, target) {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("uploaded certificate is expired, invalid, or does not match the target")
+		}
+	case config.SSLModeSelfSigned:
+		if !certificateUsable(next.CertPath, next.KeyPath, target) {
+			next.CertPath, next.KeyPath, err = generateSelfSignedCertificate(target)
+		}
+	case config.SSLModeLetsEncrypt:
+		if !certificateUsable(next.CertPath, next.KeyPath, target) {
+			next.CertPath, next.KeyPath, err = requestLetsEncryptCertificate(target, next.Email)
+		}
+	default:
+		err = fmt.Errorf("unsupported SSL mode")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		next.LastError = err.Error()
+		saveSSLSlot(next)
+		return next, err
+	}
+	next.LastError = ""
+	return next, nil
+}
+
+func sslModeCertificatesStatus() map[string]sslSavedCertificateStatus {
+	result := map[string]sslSavedCertificateStatus{}
+	for _, mode := range []string{config.SSLModeLetsEncrypt, config.SSLModeSelfSigned, config.SSLModeUploaded} {
+		cfg := config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates[mode]
+		cfg.KeyPath = maskExistingPath(cfg.KeyPath)
+		status := sslSavedCertificateStatus{SSLConfig: cfg}
+		if cert, err := readCertificateInfo(config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates[mode].CertPath); err == nil {
+			status.Certificate = cert
+		}
+		result[mode] = status
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func saveCurrentSSLSlot() {
+	if config.AppConfig.SSL.Mode == config.SSLModeDisabled || config.AppConfig.SSL.CertPath == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	saveSSLSlot(config.AppConfig.SSL)
+}
+
+func saveSSLSlot(ssl config.SSLConfig) {
+	mode := config.NormalizeSSLMode(ssl.Mode)
+	if mode == config.SSLModeDisabled {
+		return
+	}
+	if config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates == nil {
+		config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates = map[string]config.SSLConfig{}
+	}
+	ssl.Mode = mode
+	ssl.Enabled = false
+	config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates[mode] = ssl
+}
+
+func saveUploadedCertificate(certPEM, keyPEM string) (string, string, error) {
+	certPEM = strings.TrimSpace(certPEM)
+	keyPEM = strings.TrimSpace(keyPEM)
+	if certPEM == "" || keyPEM == "" {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("certificate and private key are required")
+	}
+	if _, err := tls.X509KeyPair([]byte(certPEM), []byte(keyPEM)); err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("certificate/private key mismatch: %v", err)
+	}
+	dir := sslStorageDir()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0700); err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	certPath := filepath.Join(dir, "uploaded-fullchain.pem")
+	keyPath := filepath.Join(dir, "uploaded-privkey.pem")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(certPath, []byte(certPEM+"\n"), 0600); err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(keyPath, []byte(keyPEM+"\n"), 0600); err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	return certPath, keyPath, nil
+}
+
+func generateSelfSignedCertificate(target string) (string, string, error) {
+	target = strings.TrimSpace(target)
+	if target == "" {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("self-signed certificate target is required")
+	}
+	key, err := ecdsa.GenerateKey(elliptic.P256(), rand.Reader)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	serial, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 128))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	tpl := x509.Certificate{
+		SerialNumber: serial,
+		Subject: pkix.Name{
+			CommonName: target,
+		},
+		NotBefore:             now.Add(-time.Hour),
+		NotAfter:              now.AddDate(1, 0, 0),
+		KeyUsage:              x509.KeyUsageDigitalSignature | x509.KeyUsageKeyEncipherment,
+		ExtKeyUsage:           []x509.ExtKeyUsage{x509.ExtKeyUsageServerAuth},
+		BasicConstraintsValid: true,
+	}
+	if ip := net.ParseIP(target); ip != nil {
+		tpl.IPAddresses = []net.IP{ip}
+	} else {
+		tpl.DNSNames = []string{target}
+	}
+	der, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, &tpl, &tpl, &key.PublicKey, key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	keyDER, err := x509.MarshalECPrivateKey(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	dir := sslStorageDir()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0700); err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	certPath := filepath.Join(dir, "self-signed-fullchain.pem")
+	keyPath := filepath.Join(dir, "self-signed-privkey.pem")
+	certOut := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "CERTIFICATE", Bytes: der})
+	keyOut := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "EC PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: keyDER})
+	if err := os.WriteFile(certPath, certOut, 0600); err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(keyPath, keyOut, 0600); err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	return certPath, keyPath, nil
+}
+
+func requestLetsEncryptCertificate(target, email string) (string, string, error) {
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("certbot"); err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("certbot is not installed on this server")
+	}
+	target = strings.TrimSpace(target)
+	if target == "" {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Let's Encrypt target is required")
+	}
+	args := []string{"certonly", "--non-interactive", "--agree-tos", "--standalone"}
+	if email != "" {
+		args = append(args, "--email", email)
+	} else {
+		args = append(args, "--register-unsafely-without-email")
+	}
+	if net.ParseIP(target) != nil {
+		if err := ensureCertbotSupportsIPCertificates(); err != nil {
+			return "", "", err
+		}
+		args = append(args, "--preferred-profile", "shortlived", "--ip-address", target)
+	} else {
+		args = append(args, "-d", target)
+	}
+	cmd := exec.Command("certbot", args...)
+	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Let's Encrypt request failed: %s", strings.TrimSpace(string(output)))
+	}
+	certPath := filepath.Join("/etc/letsencrypt/live", target, "fullchain.pem")
+	keyPath := filepath.Join("/etc/letsencrypt/live", target, "privkey.pem")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(certPath); err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Let's Encrypt certificate file not found after issuance: %s", certPath)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(keyPath); err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Let's Encrypt private key file not found after issuance: %s", keyPath)
+	}
+	return certPath, keyPath, nil
+}
+
+func ensureCertbotSupportsIPCertificates() error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "certbot", "--help", "all")
+	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	if ctx.Err() == context.DeadlineExceeded {
+		return fmt.Errorf("certbot check timed out")
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("certbot capability check failed: %s", strings.TrimSpace(string(output)))
+	}
+	help := string(output)
+	if !strings.Contains(help, "--ip-address") || !strings.Contains(help, "--preferred-profile") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("current certbot does not support IP certificates; install Certbot 5.4+ from snap or another current source")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateCertificatePair(certPath, keyPath string) error {
+	certPEM, err := os.ReadFile(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	keyPEM, err := os.ReadFile(keyPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := tls.X509KeyPair(certPEM, keyPEM); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("certificate/private key mismatch: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func certificateUsable(certPath, keyPath, target string) bool {
+	if certPath == "" || keyPath == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if err := validateCertificatePair(certPath, keyPath); err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	cert, err := readLeafCertificate(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	if now.Before(cert.NotBefore) || !now.Before(cert.NotAfter) {
+		return false
+	}
+	return certificateMatchesTarget(cert, target)
+}
+
+func certificateNeedsRenewal(certPath, keyPath, target string, renewBefore time.Duration) bool {
+	if certPath == "" || keyPath == "" {
+		return true
+	}
+	if err := validateCertificatePair(certPath, keyPath); err != nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	cert, err := readLeafCertificate(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	if now.Before(cert.NotBefore) || !now.Before(cert.NotAfter) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if !certificateMatchesTarget(cert, target) {
+		return true
+	}
+	return cert.NotAfter.Sub(now) <= renewBefore
+}
+
+func certificateMatchesTarget(cert *x509.Certificate, target string) bool {
+	target = strings.TrimSpace(strings.Trim(target, "[]"))
+	if target == "" {
+		return true
+	}
+	if ip := net.ParseIP(target); ip != nil {
+		for _, certIP := range cert.IPAddresses {
+			if certIP.Equal(ip) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+	if err := cert.VerifyHostname(target); err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func readCertificateInfo(certPath string) (*sslCertificateInfo, error) {
+	cert, err := readLeafCertificate(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	ipNames := make([]string, 0, len(cert.IPAddresses))
+	for _, ip := range cert.IPAddresses {
+		ipNames = append(ipNames, ip.String())
+	}
+	return &sslCertificateInfo{
+		Subject:   cert.Subject.String(),
+		Issuer:    cert.Issuer.String(),
+		DNSNames:  cert.DNSNames,
+		IPNames:   ipNames,
+		NotBefore: cert.NotBefore.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		NotAfter:  cert.NotAfter.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		Valid:     time.Now().After(cert.NotBefore) && time.Now().Before(cert.NotAfter),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func readLeafCertificate(certPath string) (*x509.Certificate, error) {
+	if certPath == "" {
+		return nil, errors.New("certificate path is empty")
+	}
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(certPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	block, _ := pem.Decode(data)
+	if block == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("certificate PEM is invalid")
+	}
+	cert, err := x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return cert, nil
+}
+
+func detectedRequestHost(r *http.Request) string {
+	host := strings.TrimSpace(r.Host)
+	if host == "" {
+		return firstPublicInterfaceIP()
+	}
+	if h, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(host); err == nil {
+		host = h
+	}
+	host = strings.Trim(host, "[]")
+	if host == "localhost" || net.ParseIP(host).IsLoopback() {
+		if ip := firstPublicInterfaceIP(); ip != "" {
+			return ip
+		}
+	}
+	return host
+}
+
+func firstPublicInterfaceIP() string {
+	addrs, err := net.InterfaceAddrs()
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	for _, addr := range addrs {
+		ipNet, ok := addr.(*net.IPNet)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		ip := ipNet.IP.To4()
+		if ip == nil || ip.IsLoopback() || ip.IsPrivate() || ip.IsLinkLocalUnicast() {
+			continue
+		}
+		return ip.String()
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func sslStorageDir() string {
+	dataDir := config.AppConfig.DataDir
+	if dataDir == "" {
+		dataDir = "/root/.clicd"
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(dataDir, "ssl")
+}
+
+func maskExistingPath(path string) string {
+	if path == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return path
+}
+
+func restartIfRequested(applyNow bool) {
+	if !applyNow {
+		return
+	}
+	go func() {
+		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
+		_ = exec.Command("systemctl", "restart", "clicd").Start()
+	}()
+}
+
+func StartSSLRenewalMonitor() {
+	go func() {
+		time.Sleep(30 * time.Second)
+		renewSavedSSLCertificates()
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(6 * time.Hour)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for range ticker.C {
+			renewSavedSSLCertificates()
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+func renewSavedSSLCertificates() {
+	if config.AppConfig == nil || len(config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	changed := false
+	for mode, cert := range config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates {
+		mode = config.NormalizeSSLMode(mode)
+		if cert.Target == "" || mode == config.SSLModeDisabled || mode == config.SSLModeUploaded {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var certPath, keyPath string
+		var err error
+		switch mode {
+		case config.SSLModeLetsEncrypt:
+			if !certificateNeedsRenewal(cert.CertPath, cert.KeyPath, cert.Target, 48*time.Hour) {
+				continue
+			}
+			certPath, keyPath, err = requestLetsEncryptCertificate(cert.Target, cert.Email)
+		case config.SSLModeSelfSigned:
+			if !certificateNeedsRenewal(cert.CertPath, cert.KeyPath, cert.Target, 30*24*time.Hour) {
+				continue
+			}
+			certPath, keyPath, err = generateSelfSignedCertificate(cert.Target)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			cert.LastError = err.Error()
+			config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates[mode] = cert
+			changed = true
+			continue
+		}
+		cert.CertPath = certPath
+		cert.KeyPath = keyPath
+		cert.LastIssuedAt = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+		cert.LastError = ""
+		config.AppConfig.SSLCertificates[mode] = cert
+		if config.AppConfig.SSL.Enabled && config.AppConfig.SSL.Mode == mode {
+			active := cert
+			active.Enabled = true
+			config.AppConfig.SSL = active
+		}
+		changed = true
+	}
+	if changed {
+		_ = config.SaveConfig()
+	}
+}

backend/internal/api/subuser.go

@@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ func HandleSubUserCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "subuser:create") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var req struct {
 		ContainerName string `json:"container_name"`
@@ -281,13 +284,40 @@ func subUserAllowedContainers(r *http.Request) (subUserAccess, bool) {
 	return allowed, true
 }
 
+func requestAllowedContainers(r *http.Request) (subUserAccess, bool) {
+	if ctx, ok := authContextFromRequest(r); ok {
+		if ctx.Type == authTypeAPIKey && len(ctx.ContainerUUIDs) == 0 {
+			return subUserAccess{}, false
+		}
+		if ctx.Type == authTypeSubUser || ctx.Type == authTypeAPIKey {
+			allowed := subUserAccess{names: make(map[string]bool), uuids: make(map[string]bool)}
+			for _, uuid := range ctx.ContainerUUIDs {
+				allowed.uuids[uuid] = true
+			}
+			if ctx.Type == authTypeSubUser && len(ctx.ContainerUUIDs) == 0 {
+				legacy, ok := subUserAllowedContainers(r)
+				if ok {
+					return legacy, true
+				}
+			}
+			return allowed, true
+		}
+	}
+	return subUserAllowedContainers(r)
+}
+
+func isAccessRestrictedRequest(r *http.Request) bool {
+	_, restricted := requestAllowedContainers(r)
+	return restricted
+}
+
 func containerByIdentifier(identifier string) *config.Container {
 	return config.FindContainerByIdentifier(identifier)
 }
 
 func isContainerAllowedForRequest(r *http.Request, identifier string) bool {
-	allowed, isSubUser := subUserAllowedContainers(r)
-	if !isSubUser {
+	allowed, restricted := requestAllowedContainers(r)
+	if !restricted {
 		return true
 	}
 	c := containerByIdentifier(identifier)
@@ -303,6 +333,9 @@ func HandleAuditLogs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "audit:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	logs := config.AppConfig.AuditLogs
 	if logs == nil {
@@ -327,12 +360,20 @@ func SubUserMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 		}
 
 		path := r.URL.Path
-		if path == "/api/tasks" && r.Method == http.MethodGet {
+		containerPrefix := "/api/containers/"
+		containerListPath := "/api/containers"
+		tasksPath := "/api/tasks"
+		if strings.HasPrefix(path, "/api/v1/") {
+			containerPrefix = "/api/v1/containers/"
+			containerListPath = "/api/v1/containers"
+			tasksPath = "/api/v1/tasks"
+		}
+		if path == tasksPath && r.Method == http.MethodGet {
 			next(w, r)
 			return
 		}
 
-		if path == "/api/containers" {
+		if path == containerListPath {
 			if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
 				jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Sub-users cannot create containers"})
 				return
@@ -341,8 +382,8 @@ func SubUserMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 			return
 		}
 
-		if len(path) > len("/api/containers/") {
-			rest := path[len("/api/containers/"):]
+		if strings.HasPrefix(path, containerPrefix) {
+			rest := path[len(containerPrefix):]
 			parts := splitPath(rest)
 			if len(parts) > 0 && parts[0] != "" {
 				c := containerByIdentifier(parts[0])
@@ -373,8 +414,8 @@ func SubUserMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 }
 
 func filterContainersForRequest(r *http.Request, containers []config.Container) []config.Container {
-	allowed, isSubUser := subUserAllowedContainers(r)
-	if !isSubUser {
+	allowed, restricted := requestAllowedContainers(r)
+	if !restricted {
 		return containers
 	}
 	filtered := make([]config.Container, 0, len(containers))
@@ -387,33 +428,47 @@ func filterContainersForRequest(r *http.Request, containers []config.Container)
 }
 
 func filterTasksForRequest(r *http.Request, tasks []*Task) []*Task {
-	allowed, isSubUser := subUserAllowedContainers(r)
-	if !isSubUser {
-		return tasks
-	}
 	filtered := make([]*Task, 0, len(tasks))
 	for _, task := range tasks {
-		if c := config.FindContainer(task.ContainerID); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
+		if isTaskAllowedForRequest(r, task) {
 			filtered = append(filtered, task)
-			continue
-		}
-		if task.ContainerName != "" {
-			if c := config.FindContainerByName(task.ContainerName); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
-				filtered = append(filtered, task)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		if task.Config.Name != "" {
-			if c := config.FindContainerByName(task.Config.Name); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
-				filtered = append(filtered, task)
-			}
 		}
 	}
 	return filtered
 }
 
+func isTaskAllowedForRequest(r *http.Request, task *Task) bool {
+	allowed, restricted := requestAllowedContainers(r)
+	if !restricted {
+		return true
+	}
+	if task == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if c := config.FindContainer(task.ContainerID); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if task.ContainerName != "" {
+		if c := config.FindContainerByName(task.ContainerName); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	if task.Config.Name != "" {
+		if c := config.FindContainerByName(task.Config.Name); c != nil && isContainerAllowed(allowed, c) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 func isContainerAllowed(allowed subUserAccess, c *config.Container) bool {
-	return c != nil && c.UUID != "" && allowed.uuids[c.UUID]
+	if c == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if c.UUID != "" && allowed.uuids[c.UUID] {
+		return true
+	}
+	return c.Name != "" && allowed.names[c.Name]
 }
 
 func isSubUserBlockedAction(action string, method string) bool {
@@ -536,6 +591,9 @@ func HandleSubUserList(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "subuser:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	result := make([]SubUserListItem, 0, len(config.AppConfig.SubUsers))
 	for _, su := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
@@ -585,7 +643,8 @@ func HandleSubUserList(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 
 // HandleSubUserAction handles actions on a specific sub-user
 func HandleSubUserAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	path := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/sub-users/")
+	path := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/v1/sub-users/")
+	path = strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/api/sub-users/")
 	parts := strings.SplitN(path, "/", 2)
 	subUserID := parts[0]
 	action := ""
@@ -608,6 +667,9 @@ func HandleSubUserAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 
 	switch {
 	case action == "rotate-password" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "subuser:update") {
+			return
+		}
 		password := generateRandomStr(16)
 		if hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(password), bcrypt.DefaultCost); err == nil {
 			target.PassHash = string(hash)
@@ -625,11 +687,17 @@ func HandleSubUserAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Failed to generate password"})
 
 	case action == "audit-logs" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "audit:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		// Filter audit logs for this sub-user
 		logs := filterSubUserAuditLogs(target.Username)
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: logs})
 
 	case action == "login-logs" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		if !requireScope(w, r, "loginlog:read") {
+			return
+		}
 		// Filter login logs for this sub-user
 		logs := filterSubUserLoginLogs(target.Username)
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: logs})

backend/internal/api/swap.go

@@ -11,19 +11,27 @@ import (
 )
 
 type SwapInfo struct {
-	TotalMB   int64  `json:"total_mb"`
-	UsedMB    int64  `json:"used_mb"`
-	FreeMB    int64  `json:"free_mb"`
-	Enabled   bool   `json:"enabled"`
-	SwapFile  string `json:"swap_file"`
+	TotalMB  int64  `json:"total_mb"`
+	UsedMB   int64  `json:"used_mb"`
+	FreeMB   int64  `json:"free_mb"`
+	Enabled  bool   `json:"enabled"`
+	SwapFile string `json:"swap_file"`
 }
 
+const (
+	minSwapSizeMB = 128
+	maxSwapSizeMB = 262144
+)
+
 // HandleSwapInfo returns current swap status
 func HandleSwapInfo(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "swap:read") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	info := getSwapInfo()
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: info})
@@ -35,9 +43,12 @@ func HandleSwapManage(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "swap:manage") {
+		return
+	}
 
 	var req struct {
-		Action string `json:"action"` // create, enable, disable, resize
+		Action string `json:"action"`  // create, enable, disable, resize
 		SizeMB int    `json:"size_mb"` // for create/resize
 	}
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&req); err != nil {
@@ -46,54 +57,63 @@ func HandleSwapManage(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 
 	var msg string
+	var err error
 
 	switch req.Action {
 	case "create":
 		if req.SizeMB <= 0 {
 			req.SizeMB = 2048
 		}
-		err := createSwap(req.SizeMB)
-		if err != nil {
-			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error()})
-			return
+		if err = validateSwapSize(req.SizeMB); err == nil {
+			err = createSwap(req.SizeMB)
 		}
 		msg = fmt.Sprintf("已创建 %d MB SWAP", req.SizeMB)
 
 	case "enable":
-		err := enableSwap()
-		if err != nil {
-			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error()})
-			return
-		}
+		err = enableSwap()
 		msg = "SWAP 已启用"
 
 	case "disable":
-		err := disableSwap()
-		if err != nil {
-			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error()})
-			return
-		}
+		err = disableSwap()
 		msg = "SWAP 已禁用"
 
 	case "resize":
-		if req.SizeMB <= 0 {
-			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid size"})
-			return
+		if err = validateSwapSize(req.SizeMB); err == nil {
+			err = disableSwap()
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			err = createSwap(req.SizeMB)
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			err = enableSwap()
 		}
-		disableSwap()
-		createSwap(req.SizeMB)
-		enableSwap()
 		msg = fmt.Sprintf("SWAP 已调整为 %d MB", req.SizeMB)
 
 	default:
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid action: " + req.Action})
 		return
 	}
+	if err != nil {
+		auditRequest(r, "swap."+req.Action, "/swapfile", fmt.Sprintf("size_mb=%d", req.SizeMB), false, err.Error())
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
 
 	info := getSwapInfo()
+	auditRequest(r, "swap."+req.Action, "/swapfile", fmt.Sprintf("size_mb=%d", req.SizeMB), true, "")
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Message: msg, Data: info})
 }
 
+func validateSwapSize(sizeMB int) error {
+	if sizeMB < minSwapSizeMB {
+		return fmt.Errorf("swap size must be at least %d MB", minSwapSizeMB)
+	}
+	if sizeMB > maxSwapSizeMB {
+		return fmt.Errorf("swap size cannot exceed %d MB", maxSwapSizeMB)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func getSwapInfo() SwapInfo {
 	info := SwapInfo{SwapFile: "/swapfile"}
 
@@ -160,6 +180,9 @@ func createSwap(sizeMB int) error {
 func enableSwap() error {
 	swapFile := "/swapfile"
 	if _, err := os.Stat(swapFile); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		if getSwapInfo().Enabled {
+			return nil
+		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("swap 文件不存在，请先创建")
 	}
 
@@ -180,7 +203,7 @@ func disableSwap() error {
 	cmd := exec.Command("swapoff", swapFile)
 	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
-		if strings.Contains(string(output), "No such") {
+		if strings.Contains(string(output), "No such") || strings.Contains(string(output), "Invalid argument") {
 			return nil
 		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("禁用 swap 失败: %v, %s", err, string(output))

backend/internal/api/taskqueue.go

@@ -122,9 +122,13 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatchWithAudit(taskType TaskType, ids []int, template
 }
 
 func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatchCreate(configs []lxc.ContainerConfig) []string {
+	return q.EnqueueBatchCreateWithAudit(configs, "admin", "", "")
+}
+
+func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatchCreateWithAudit(configs []lxc.ContainerConfig, user string, ip string, userAgent string) []string {
 	q.mu.Lock()
 	defer q.mu.Unlock()
-	return q.enqueueBatchCreateList(configs)
+	return q.enqueueBatchCreateList(configs, user, ip, userAgent)
 }
 
 func (q *TaskQueue) ActiveCreateNames() map[string]bool {
@@ -147,7 +151,7 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) ActiveCreateNames() map[string]bool {
 	return names
 }
 
-func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueBatchCreateList(configs []lxc.ContainerConfig) []string {
+func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueBatchCreateList(configs []lxc.ContainerConfig, user string, ip string, userAgent string) []string {
 	var result []string
 	for _, cfg := range configs {
 		cfgCopy := cfg
@@ -161,6 +165,9 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueBatchCreateList(configs []lxc.ContainerConfig) []stri
 			Status:        "pending",
 			CreatedAt:     time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
 			Config:        cfgCopy,
+			User:          user,
+			IP:            ip,
+			UserAgent:     userAgent,
 		}
 		q.enqueueTask(task)
 		result = append(result, task.ID)
@@ -424,6 +431,8 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) persistTasks() {
 			TemplateID:    t.TemplateID,
 			Config:        string(cfgJSON),
 			User:          t.User,
+			IP:            t.IP,
+			UserAgent:     t.UserAgent,
 		})
 	}
 	config.SaveTasks(saved)
@@ -456,13 +465,8 @@ func HandleSingleTaskAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, id int, acti
 		name = c.Name
 	}
 
-	// Determine user from JWT claims
-	user := "admin"
-	if claims, ok := claimsFromRequest(r); ok {
-		if subUser, _ := claims["sub_user"].(string); subUser != "" {
-			user = "user:" + subUser
-		}
-	}
+	// Determine user from authenticated request context.
+	user := requestActor(r)
 	ip := clientIP(r)
 	userAgent := r.Header.Get("User-Agent")
 
@@ -517,6 +521,13 @@ func HandleBatchCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "container:create") {
+		return
+	}
+	if isAccessRestrictedRequest(r) {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Container-bound API keys cannot create containers"})
+		return
+	}
 	var req struct {
 		Containers []lxc.ContainerConfig `json:"containers"`
 	}
@@ -576,7 +587,7 @@ func HandleBatchCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		}
 		requestNames[name] = true
 	}
-	ids := globalQueue.EnqueueBatchCreate(req.Containers)
+	ids := globalQueue.EnqueueBatchCreateWithAudit(req.Containers, requestActor(r), clientIP(r), r.UserAgent())
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusAccepted, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: ids})
 }
 
@@ -586,6 +597,10 @@ func HandleBatchAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !hasAnyScope(r, "container:power", "container:delete", "container:reinstall") {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Insufficient API key scope"})
+		return
+	}
 	var req struct {
 		Action     string `json:"action"`
 		Containers []int  `json:"containers"`
@@ -597,21 +612,47 @@ func HandleBatchAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 
 	var taskType TaskType
+	var requiredScope string
 	switch req.Action {
 	case "start":
 		taskType = TaskStart
+		requiredScope = "container:power"
 	case "stop":
 		taskType = TaskStop
+		requiredScope = "container:power"
 	case "restart":
 		taskType = TaskRestart
+		requiredScope = "container:power"
 	case "delete":
 		taskType = TaskDelete
+		requiredScope = "container:delete"
+	case "reinstall":
+		if req.TemplateID == "" {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "template_id required"})
+			return
+		}
+		if !isTemplateEnabledAndDownloaded(req.TemplateID) {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Template is not enabled or downloaded"})
+			return
+		}
+		taskType = TaskReinstall
+		requiredScope = "container:reinstall"
 	default:
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Unknown action"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, requiredScope) {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, id := range req.Containers {
+		c := config.FindContainer(id)
+		if c == nil || !isContainerAllowedForRequest(r, c.UUID) {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Access denied to one or more containers"})
+			return
+		}
+	}
 
-	ids := globalQueue.EnqueueBatch(taskType, req.Containers, req.TemplateID)
+	ids := globalQueue.EnqueueBatchWithAudit(taskType, req.Containers, req.TemplateID, requestActor(r), clientIP(r), r.UserAgent())
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusAccepted, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: ids})
 }
 
@@ -621,13 +662,22 @@ func HandleTaskDelete(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
-	// URL: /api/tasks/{id}
-	taskID := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/tasks/")
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "task:delete") {
+		return
+	}
+	// URL: /api/tasks/{id} or /api/v1/tasks/{id}
+	taskID := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/v1/tasks/")
+	taskID = strings.TrimPrefix(taskID, "/api/tasks/")
 	if taskID == "" {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusBadRequest, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Task ID required"})
 		return
 	}
 	globalQueue.mu.Lock()
+	if task := globalQueue.tasks[taskID]; task != nil && !isTaskAllowedForRequest(r, task) {
+		globalQueue.mu.Unlock()
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Access denied to this task"})
+		return
+	}
 	delete(globalQueue.tasks, taskID)
 	// Also remove from both queues if pending
 	newCreate := make([]*Task, 0, len(globalQueue.createQueue))
@@ -655,6 +705,9 @@ func HandleTasks(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
 		return
 	}
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "task:read") {
+		return
+	}
 	tasks := globalQueue.GetTasks()
 	tasks = filterTasksForRequest(r, tasks)
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: tasks})
@@ -691,6 +744,8 @@ func RestoreTasks() {
 			TemplateID:    st.TemplateID,
 			Config:        cfg,
 			User:          st.User,
+			IP:            st.IP,
+			UserAgent:     st.UserAgent,
 		}
 		if st.Status == "pending" || st.Status == "running" {
 			// Reset running tasks back to pending so they get retried

backend/internal/api/vnc.go

@@ -18,7 +18,10 @@ import (
 type webVNCTicket struct {
 	ContainerName string
 	ContainerUUID string
+	Username      string
 	SubUser       bool
+	ClientIP      string
+	UserAgent     string
 	ExpiresAt     time.Time
 }
 
@@ -33,6 +36,9 @@ func HandleVNCTicket(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	if !requireScope(w, r, "terminal:vnc") {
+		return
+	}
 	var req struct {
 		ContainerName string `json:"container_name"`
 	}
@@ -58,13 +64,17 @@ func HandleVNCTicket(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	username, isSubUser := vncRequesterIdentity(r)
 	ticket := randomHex(32)
 	webVNCTickets.Lock()
 	cleanupExpiredWebVNCTicketsLocked(time.Now())
 	webVNCTickets.items[ticket] = webVNCTicket{
 		ContainerName: c.Name,
 		ContainerUUID: c.UUID,
-		SubUser:       isSubUserRequest(r),
+		Username:      username,
+		SubUser:       isSubUser,
+		ClientIP:      clientIP(r),
+		UserAgent:     r.UserAgent(),
 		ExpiresAt:     time.Now().Add(60 * time.Second),
 	}
 	webVNCTickets.Unlock()
@@ -89,7 +99,7 @@ func HandleVNCProxy(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	item, ok := consumeWebVNCTicket(ticket, containerName)
+	item, ok := consumeWebVNCTicket(ticket, containerName, r)
 	if !ok {
 		http.Error(w, "invalid or expired ticket", http.StatusUnauthorized)
 		return
@@ -137,7 +147,7 @@ func HandleVNCProxy(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 	defer ws.Close()
 
-	log.Printf("WebVNC connected for container %s -> 127.0.0.1:%d", containerName, vncPort)
+	log.Printf("WebVNC connected for container %s as %s (sub_user=%t) -> 127.0.0.1:%d", containerName, item.Username, item.SubUser, vncPort)
 
 	done := make(chan string, 2)
 	var writeMu sync.Mutex
@@ -147,7 +157,31 @@ func HandleVNCProxy(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	reason := <-done
 	_ = vncConn.Close()
 	_ = ws.Close()
-	log.Printf("WebVNC disconnected for container %s: %s", containerName, reason)
+	log.Printf("WebVNC disconnected for container %s as %s: %s", containerName, item.Username, reason)
+}
+
+func vncRequesterIdentity(r *http.Request) (string, bool) {
+	if ctx, ok := authContextFromRequest(r); ok {
+		switch ctx.Type {
+		case authTypeSubUser:
+			return ctx.Username, true
+		case authTypeAPIKey:
+			return ctx.Actor, false
+		case authTypeAdmin:
+			return ctx.Username, false
+		}
+	}
+	claims, ok := claimsFromRequest(r)
+	if !ok {
+		return "api-key", false
+	}
+	if subUser, ok := claims["sub_user"].(string); ok && subUser != "" {
+		return subUser, true
+	}
+	if username, ok := claims["username"].(string); ok && username != "" {
+		return username, false
+	}
+	return "unknown", false
 }
 
 func webVNCTicketFromRequest(r *http.Request) string {
@@ -175,7 +209,7 @@ func webVNCResponseProtocol(r *http.Request) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
-func consumeWebVNCTicket(ticket, containerName string) (webVNCTicket, bool) {
+func consumeWebVNCTicket(ticket, containerName string, r *http.Request) (webVNCTicket, bool) {
 	now := time.Now()
 	webVNCTickets.Lock()
 	defer webVNCTickets.Unlock()
@@ -185,7 +219,10 @@ func consumeWebVNCTicket(ticket, containerName string) (webVNCTicket, bool) {
 		return webVNCTicket{}, false
 	}
 	delete(webVNCTickets.items, ticket)
-	return item, item.ContainerName == containerName && now.Before(item.ExpiresAt)
+	return item, item.ContainerName == containerName &&
+		item.ClientIP == clientIP(r) &&
+		item.UserAgent == r.UserAgent() &&
+		now.Before(item.ExpiresAt)
 }
 
 func cleanupExpiredWebVNCTicketsLocked(now time.Time) {

backend/internal/cli/cli.go

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ import (
 var manager = lxc.NewManager()
 
 const (
-	clicdBackupDir     = "/root/clicd-backups"
-	clicdNewBinaryPath = "/usr/local/bin/clicd.new"
+	clicdBackupDir              = "/root/clicd-backups"
+	clicdNewBinaryPath          = "/usr/local/bin/clicd.new"
+	libvirtDefaultNetworkMarker = "/var/lib/clicd/kvm/default-network.created"
 )
 
 // Run starts the CLI interface.
@@ -754,6 +755,7 @@ func cliUninstall(reader *bufio.Reader) {
 
 	destroyAllLXCContainers()
 	destroyAllKVMDomains()
+	removeCLICDLibvirtDefaultNetwork()
 	cleanupCLICDNetworking()
 	removeCLICDHostHooks()
 	removeCLICDQuotaRecords()
@@ -840,8 +842,60 @@ func removeKVMDomain(name string) {
 	runQuiet("virsh", "undefine", name)
 }
 
+func removeCLICDLibvirtDefaultNetwork() {
+	if !commandExists("virsh") || !fileExists(libvirtDefaultNetworkMarker) {
+		return
+	}
+	if libvirtDefaultUsedByNonCLICDDomain() {
+		fmt.Println("检测到非 CLICD 虚拟机仍在使用 libvirt default 网络，已保留 default/virbr0。")
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Removing CLICD-created libvirt default network...")
+	runQuiet("virsh", "net-destroy", "default")
+	runQuiet("virsh", "net-undefine", "default")
+	removePath(libvirtDefaultNetworkMarker)
+}
+
+func libvirtDefaultUsedByNonCLICDDomain() bool {
+	if !commandExists("virsh") {
+		return false
+	}
+	out, err := exec.Command("virsh", "list", "--all", "--name").Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
+		name := strings.TrimSpace(line)
+		if name == "" || isCLICDKVMDomain(name) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if usesLibvirtDefaultNetwork(name) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func usesLibvirtDefaultNetwork(domain string) bool {
+	out, err := exec.Command("virsh", "domiflist", domain).Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
+		fields := strings.Fields(line)
+		for _, field := range fields {
+			if field == "default" || field == "virbr0" {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 func cleanupCLICDNetworking() {
 	removeCLICDNATRules()
+	cleanupCLICDIPv6Runtime()
+	cleanupCLICDIPv6BridgeRoutes()
 	for _, bridge := range []string{"lxcbr0", "virbr0"} {
 		deleteFilterRule("FORWARD", "-i", bridge, "-j", "ACCEPT")
 		deleteFilterRule("FORWARD", "-o", bridge, "-j", "ACCEPT")
@@ -850,6 +904,123 @@ func cleanupCLICDNetworking() {
 	}
 }
 
+func cleanupCLICDIPv6Runtime() {
+	if config.AppConfig == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, c := range config.AppConfig.Containers {
+		cleanupCLICDContainerIPv6(c)
+	}
+}
+
+func cleanupCLICDContainerIPv6(c config.Container) {
+	bridge := "lxcbr0"
+	if c.IsKVM() {
+		bridge = "virbr0"
+	}
+	mac := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.MACAddress))
+	if mac != "" && bridge == "virbr0" {
+		deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-i", bridge, "-m", "mac", "--mac-source", mac, "-j", "DROP")
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(c.IPv6) == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	addr := strings.TrimSpace(c.IPv6)
+	if slash := strings.Index(addr, "/"); slash >= 0 {
+		addr = addr[:slash]
+	}
+	source := strings.TrimSpace(c.IPv6)
+	if !strings.Contains(source, "/") {
+		source += "/128"
+	}
+
+	deleteIP6NATSource(source)
+	deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-i", bridge, "-s", source, "-j", "ACCEPT")
+	deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-o", bridge, "-d", source, "-j", "ACCEPT")
+	if mac != "" && bridge == "virbr0" {
+		deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-i", bridge, "-m", "mac", "--mac-source", mac, "-s", source, "-j", "ACCEPT")
+		deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-i", bridge, "-m", "mac", "--mac-source", mac, "-j", "DROP")
+	}
+
+	runQuiet("ip", "-6", "route", "del", source, "dev", bridge)
+	if strings.TrimSpace(c.IPv6Interface) != "" {
+		runQuiet("ip", "-6", "neigh", "del", "proxy", addr, "dev", c.IPv6Interface)
+	}
+}
+
+func cleanupCLICDIPv6BridgeRoutes() {
+	if !commandExists("ip") {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, bridge := range []string{"lxcbr0", "virbr0"} {
+		out, err := exec.Command("ip", "-6", "route", "show", "dev", bridge).Output()
+		if err == nil {
+			for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
+				fields := strings.Fields(line)
+				if len(fields) == 0 || !strings.HasSuffix(fields[0], "/128") {
+					continue
+				}
+				source := fields[0]
+				addr := strings.TrimSuffix(source, "/128")
+				deleteIP6NATSource(source)
+				deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-i", bridge, "-s", source, "-j", "ACCEPT")
+				deleteIP6FilterRule("FORWARD", "-o", bridge, "-d", source, "-j", "ACCEPT")
+				removeProxyNDPForAddress(addr)
+				runQuiet("ip", "-6", "route", "del", source, "dev", bridge)
+			}
+		}
+		runQuiet("ip", "-6", "addr", "del", "fe80::1/64", "dev", bridge)
+	}
+}
+
+func removeProxyNDPForAddress(addr string) {
+	out, err := exec.Command("ip", "-6", "neigh", "show", "proxy").Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
+		fields := strings.Fields(line)
+		if len(fields) == 0 || fields[0] != addr {
+			continue
+		}
+		for i := 0; i+1 < len(fields); i++ {
+			if fields[i] == "dev" {
+				runQuiet("ip", "-6", "neigh", "del", "proxy", addr, "dev", fields[i+1])
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func deleteIP6NATSource(source string) {
+	if !commandExists("ip6tables") || strings.TrimSpace(source) == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	for {
+		out, err := exec.Command("ip6tables", "-t", "nat", "-S", "POSTROUTING").Output()
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		deleted := false
+		for _, line := range strings.Split(string(out), "\n") {
+			if !strings.Contains(line, "-s "+source) || !strings.Contains(line, " -j MASQUERADE") {
+				continue
+			}
+			fields := strings.Fields(line)
+			if len(fields) == 0 || fields[0] != "-A" {
+				continue
+			}
+			fields[0] = "-D"
+			args := append([]string{"-t", "nat"}, fields...)
+			deleted = runCommandOK("ip6tables", args...)
+			break
+		}
+		if !deleted {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func removeCLICDNATRules() {
 	if commandExists("iptables") {
 		for {
@@ -879,6 +1050,12 @@ func deleteFilterRule(args ...string) {
 	}
 }
 
+func deleteIP6FilterRule(args ...string) {
+	fullArgs := append([]string{"-D"}, args...)
+	for runCommandOK("ip6tables", fullArgs...) {
+	}
+}
+
 func deleteIP6TablesBridgeRules(bridge string) {
 	if !commandExists("ip6tables") {
 		return

backend/internal/config/config.go

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ type SavedTask struct {
 	TemplateID    string `json:"template_id,omitempty"`
 	Config        string `json:"config,omitempty"`
 	User          string `json:"user,omitempty"`
+	IP            string `json:"ip,omitempty"`
+	UserAgent     string `json:"user_agent,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // SavedLoginLog for persisting login logs
@@ -152,13 +154,18 @@ func (c *Container) VirshName() string {
 
 // SubUser represents a sub-user with access to specific containers
 type ApiKeyConfig struct {
-	ID          string `json:"id"`
-	Name        string `json:"name"`
-	KeyHash     string `json:"key_hash"`
-	Prefix      string `json:"prefix"`
-	IPWhitelist string `json:"ip_whitelist"`
-	CreatedAt   string `json:"created_at"`
-	LastUsed    string `json:"last_used"`
+	ID             string   `json:"id"`
+	Name           string   `json:"name"`
+	KeyHash        string   `json:"key_hash"`
+	Prefix         string   `json:"prefix"`
+	IPWhitelist    string   `json:"ip_whitelist"`
+	CreatedAt      string   `json:"created_at"`
+	LastUsed       string   `json:"last_used"`
+	Scopes         []string `json:"scopes,omitempty"`
+	ExpiresAt      string   `json:"expires_at,omitempty"`
+	Disabled       bool     `json:"disabled,omitempty"`
+	ContainerUUIDs []string `json:"container_uuids,omitempty"`
+	LastUsedIP     string   `json:"last_used_ip,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // DeleteApiKey removes an API key by ID
@@ -198,26 +205,46 @@ type Snapshot struct {
 	SizeBytes     int64  `json:"size_bytes"`
 }
 
+const (
+	SSLModeDisabled    = "disabled"
+	SSLModeLetsEncrypt = "letsencrypt"
+	SSLModeSelfSigned  = "self_signed"
+	SSLModeUploaded    = "uploaded"
+)
+
+type SSLConfig struct {
+	Enabled      bool   `json:"enabled"`
+	Mode         string `json:"mode"`
+	Target       string `json:"target"`
+	Email        string `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	CertPath     string `json:"cert_path,omitempty"`
+	KeyPath      string `json:"key_path,omitempty"`
+	LastIssuedAt string `json:"last_issued_at,omitempty"`
+	LastError    string `json:"last_error,omitempty"`
+}
+
 // ClicdConfig is the main configuration structure
 type ClicdConfig struct {
-	AdminUser            string          `json:"admin_user"`
-	AdminPassHash        string          `json:"admin_pass_hash"`
-	JWTSecret            string          `json:"jwt_secret"`
-	Port                 int             `json:"port"`
-	DataDir              string          `json:"data_dir"`
-	Containers           []Container     `json:"containers"`
-	NextContainerID      int             `json:"next_container_id"`
-	NextVNCPort          int             `json:"next_vnc_port"`
-	NextSSHPort          int             `json:"next_ssh_port"`
-	SetupComplete        bool            `json:"setup_complete"`
-	SubUsers             []SubUser       `json:"sub_users"`
-	ApiKeys              []ApiKeyConfig  `json:"api_keys"`
-	AuditLogs            []AuditLog      `json:"audit_logs"`
-	Tasks                []SavedTask     `json:"tasks"`
-	LoginLogs            []SavedLoginLog `json:"login_logs"`
-	EnabledImages        []string        `json:"enabled_images"`
-	Snapshots            []Snapshot      `json:"snapshots"`
-	SecurityAutoShutdown bool            `json:"security_auto_shutdown"`
+	AdminUser            string               `json:"admin_user"`
+	AdminPassHash        string               `json:"admin_pass_hash"`
+	JWTSecret            string               `json:"jwt_secret"`
+	Port                 int                  `json:"port"`
+	DataDir              string               `json:"data_dir"`
+	Containers           []Container          `json:"containers"`
+	NextContainerID      int                  `json:"next_container_id"`
+	NextVNCPort          int                  `json:"next_vnc_port"`
+	NextSSHPort          int                  `json:"next_ssh_port"`
+	SetupComplete        bool                 `json:"setup_complete"`
+	SubUsers             []SubUser            `json:"sub_users"`
+	ApiKeys              []ApiKeyConfig       `json:"api_keys"`
+	AuditLogs            []AuditLog           `json:"audit_logs"`
+	Tasks                []SavedTask          `json:"tasks"`
+	LoginLogs            []SavedLoginLog      `json:"login_logs"`
+	EnabledImages        []string             `json:"enabled_images"`
+	Snapshots            []Snapshot           `json:"snapshots"`
+	SecurityAutoShutdown bool                 `json:"security_auto_shutdown"`
+	SSL                  SSLConfig            `json:"ssl"`
+	SSLCertificates      map[string]SSLConfig `json:"ssl_certificates"`
 }
 
 var configPath string
@@ -295,8 +322,11 @@ func InitConfig() (*ClicdConfig, error) {
 	}
 	if ok {
 		AppConfig = cfg
-		normalizeConfigDefaults(dataDir)
+		changed := normalizeConfigDefaults(dataDir)
 		if migrateLoadedConfig() {
+			changed = true
+		}
+		if changed {
 			if err := SaveConfig(); err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
@@ -311,9 +341,8 @@ func InitConfig() (*ClicdConfig, error) {
 	if ok {
 		AppConfig = legacy
 		normalizeConfigDefaults(dataDir)
-		if migrateLoadedConfig() {
-			// Save below persists normalized legacy data into SQLite.
-		}
+		migrateLoadedConfig()
+		// Always save legacy JSON data into SQLite.
 		if err := SaveConfig(); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -364,45 +393,127 @@ func InitConfig() (*ClicdConfig, error) {
 	return AppConfig, nil
 }
 
-func normalizeConfigDefaults(dataDir string) {
+func normalizeConfigDefaults(dataDir string) bool {
+	changed := false
 	if AppConfig.Port == 0 {
 		AppConfig.Port = 8999
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.NextVNCPort == 0 {
 		AppConfig.NextVNCPort = 5900
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.NextSSHPort == 0 {
 		AppConfig.NextSSHPort = 22000
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.NextContainerID == 0 {
 		AppConfig.NextContainerID = 1
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.DataDir == "" {
 		AppConfig.DataDir = dataDir
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.Containers == nil {
 		AppConfig.Containers = make([]Container, 0)
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.Snapshots == nil {
 		AppConfig.Snapshots = make([]Snapshot, 0)
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.SubUsers == nil {
 		AppConfig.SubUsers = make([]SubUser, 0)
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.ApiKeys == nil {
 		AppConfig.ApiKeys = make([]ApiKeyConfig, 0)
+		changed = true
+	} else {
+		for i := range AppConfig.ApiKeys {
+			if len(AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Scopes) == 0 {
+				AppConfig.ApiKeys[i].Scopes = []string{"*"}
+				changed = true
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	if AppConfig.AuditLogs == nil {
 		AppConfig.AuditLogs = make([]AuditLog, 0)
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.Tasks == nil {
 		AppConfig.Tasks = make([]SavedTask, 0)
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.LoginLogs == nil {
 		AppConfig.LoginLogs = make([]SavedLoginLog, 0)
+		changed = true
 	}
 	if AppConfig.EnabledImages == nil {
 		AppConfig.EnabledImages = make([]string, 0)
+		changed = true
+	}
+	if normalizeSSLDefaults() {
+		changed = true
+	}
+	return changed
+}
+
+func normalizeSSLDefaults() bool {
+	changed := false
+	previousMode := AppConfig.SSL.Mode
+	AppConfig.SSL.Mode = NormalizeSSLMode(AppConfig.SSL.Mode)
+	if AppConfig.SSL.Mode != previousMode {
+		changed = true
+	}
+	if AppConfig.SSL.Mode == SSLModeDisabled {
+		if AppConfig.SSL.Enabled {
+			changed = true
+		}
+		AppConfig.SSL.Enabled = false
+	}
+	if AppConfig.SSLCertificates == nil {
+		AppConfig.SSLCertificates = map[string]SSLConfig{}
+		changed = true
+	}
+	for mode, cert := range AppConfig.SSLCertificates {
+		cert.Mode = NormalizeSSLMode(cert.Mode)
+		if cert.Mode == SSLModeDisabled {
+			delete(AppConfig.SSLCertificates, mode)
+			changed = true
+			continue
+		}
+		if AppConfig.SSLCertificates[cert.Mode] != cert {
+			changed = true
+		}
+		AppConfig.SSLCertificates[cert.Mode] = cert
+		if mode != cert.Mode {
+			delete(AppConfig.SSLCertificates, mode)
+			changed = true
+		}
+	}
+	if AppConfig.SSL.Mode != SSLModeDisabled && AppConfig.SSL.CertPath != "" && AppConfig.SSL.KeyPath != "" {
+		cert := AppConfig.SSL
+		cert.Enabled = false
+		if AppConfig.SSLCertificates[cert.Mode] != cert {
+			changed = true
+		}
+		AppConfig.SSLCertificates[cert.Mode] = cert
+	}
+	return changed
+}
+
+func NormalizeSSLMode(value string) string {
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(value)) {
+	case SSLModeLetsEncrypt:
+		return SSLModeLetsEncrypt
+	case SSLModeSelfSigned:
+		return SSLModeSelfSigned
+	case SSLModeUploaded:
+		return SSLModeUploaded
+	default:
+		return SSLModeDisabled
 	}
 }
 

backend/internal/config/store_sqlite.go

@@ -57,6 +57,28 @@ func encodeSavedTaskConfig(cfg savedTaskConfig) string {
 	return string(data)
 }
 
+func encodeStringSlice(values []string) string {
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	data, err := json.Marshal(values)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return string(data)
+}
+
+func decodeStringSlice(raw string) []string {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var values []string
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &values); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return values
+}
+
 func getDBPath() string {
 	cfgPath := getConfigPath()
 	ext := filepath.Ext(cfgPath)
@@ -185,7 +207,12 @@ func ensureSchema() error {
 			prefix TEXT,
 			ip_whitelist TEXT,
 			created_at TEXT,
-			last_used TEXT
+			last_used TEXT,
+			scopes TEXT,
+			expires_at TEXT,
+			disabled INTEGER,
+			container_uuids TEXT,
+			last_used_ip TEXT
 		)`,
 		`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS audit_logs (
 			id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
@@ -210,6 +237,8 @@ func ensureSchema() error {
 			created_at TEXT,
 			template_id TEXT,
 			user TEXT,
+			ip TEXT,
+			user_agent TEXT,
 			cfg_name TEXT,
 			cfg_virtualization TEXT,
 			cfg_template_id TEXT,
@@ -263,9 +292,55 @@ func ensureSchema() error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create sqlite schema: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
+	return ensureSchemaMigrations()
+}
+
+func ensureSchemaMigrations() error {
+	for _, column := range []struct {
+		table string
+		name  string
+		def   string
+	}{
+		{"api_keys", "scopes", "TEXT"},
+		{"api_keys", "expires_at", "TEXT"},
+		{"api_keys", "disabled", "INTEGER"},
+		{"api_keys", "container_uuids", "TEXT"},
+		{"api_keys", "last_used_ip", "TEXT"},
+		{"tasks", "ip", "TEXT"},
+		{"tasks", "user_agent", "TEXT"},
+	} {
+		if err := ensureColumn(column.table, column.name, column.def); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+func ensureColumn(table, name, def string) error {
+	rows, err := db.Query("PRAGMA table_info(" + table + ")")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var cid int
+		var columnName, columnType string
+		var notNull, pk int
+		var defaultValue interface{}
+		if err := rows.Scan(&cid, &columnName, &columnType, &notNull, &defaultValue, &pk); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if columnName == name {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec("ALTER TABLE " + table + " ADD COLUMN " + name + " " + def)
+	return err
+}
+
 func loadConfigFromDB() (*ClicdConfig, bool, error) {
 	meta := map[string]string{}
 	rows, err := db.Query("SELECT key, value FROM app_meta")
@@ -299,6 +374,12 @@ func loadConfigFromDB() (*ClicdConfig, bool, error) {
 		SetupComplete:        atob(meta["setup_complete"]),
 		SecurityAutoShutdown: atob(meta["security_auto_shutdown"]),
 	}
+	if raw := strings.TrimSpace(meta["ssl"]); raw != "" {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &cfg.SSL)
+	}
+	if raw := strings.TrimSpace(meta["ssl_certificates"]); raw != "" {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &cfg.SSLCertificates)
+	}
 
 	if cfg.Containers, err = loadContainers(); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
@@ -391,6 +472,8 @@ func saveConfigToDB() error {
 }
 
 func saveMeta(tx *sql.Tx) error {
+	sslJSON, _ := json.Marshal(AppConfig.SSL)
+	sslCertificatesJSON, _ := json.Marshal(AppConfig.SSLCertificates)
 	values := map[string]string{
 		"admin_user":             AppConfig.AdminUser,
 		"admin_pass_hash":        AppConfig.AdminPassHash,
@@ -402,6 +485,8 @@ func saveMeta(tx *sql.Tx) error {
 		"next_ssh_port":          strconv.Itoa(AppConfig.NextSSHPort),
 		"setup_complete":         btoa(AppConfig.SetupComplete),
 		"security_auto_shutdown": btoa(AppConfig.SecurityAutoShutdown),
+		"ssl":                    string(sslJSON),
+		"ssl_certificates":       string(sslCertificatesJSON),
 		"schema_version":         "1",
 		"updated_at":             time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
 	}
@@ -468,8 +553,10 @@ func saveSubUsers(tx *sql.Tx) error {
 
 func saveAPIKeys(tx *sql.Tx) error {
 	for _, k := range AppConfig.ApiKeys {
-		if _, err := tx.Exec(`INSERT INTO api_keys(id, name, key_hash, prefix, ip_whitelist, created_at, last_used)
-			VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`, k.ID, k.Name, k.KeyHash, k.Prefix, k.IPWhitelist, k.CreatedAt, k.LastUsed); err != nil {
+		scopes := encodeStringSlice(k.Scopes)
+		containerUUIDs := encodeStringSlice(k.ContainerUUIDs)
+		if _, err := tx.Exec(`INSERT INTO api_keys(id, name, key_hash, prefix, ip_whitelist, created_at, last_used, scopes, expires_at, disabled, container_uuids, last_used_ip)
+			VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`, k.ID, k.Name, k.KeyHash, k.Prefix, k.IPWhitelist, k.CreatedAt, k.LastUsed, scopes, k.ExpiresAt, boolInt(k.Disabled), containerUUIDs, k.LastUsedIP); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
@@ -498,13 +585,13 @@ func saveTasksDB(tx *sql.Tx) error {
 	for _, task := range AppConfig.Tasks {
 		cfg := parseSavedTaskConfig(task.Config)
 		if _, err := tx.Exec(`INSERT INTO tasks(
-			id, type, container_id, container_name, status, error, created_at, template_id, user,
+			id, type, container_id, container_name, status, error, created_at, template_id, user, ip, user_agent,
 			cfg_name, cfg_virtualization, cfg_template_id, cfg_vcpu, cfg_cpu_percent, cfg_ram_mb, cfg_disk_gb,
 			cfg_network_bw_mbps, cfg_monthly_traffic_gb, cfg_traffic_mode, cfg_traffic_in_gb,
 			cfg_traffic_out_gb, cfg_io_speed_mbps, cfg_port_mapping_count, cfg_snapshot_limit,
 			cfg_assign_ipv6, cfg_expires_at
-		) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
-			task.ID, task.Type, task.ContainerID, task.ContainerName, task.Status, task.Error, task.CreatedAt, task.TemplateID, task.User,
+		) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`,
+			task.ID, task.Type, task.ContainerID, task.ContainerName, task.Status, task.Error, task.CreatedAt, task.TemplateID, task.User, task.IP, task.UserAgent,
 			cfg.Name, cfg.Virtualization, cfg.TemplateID, cfg.VCPU, cfg.CPUPercent, cfg.RAMMB, cfg.DiskGB,
 			cfg.NetworkBWMbps, cfg.MonthlyTrafficGB, cfg.TrafficMode, cfg.TrafficInGB,
 			cfg.TrafficOutGB, cfg.IOSpeedMBps, cfg.PortMappingCount, cfg.SnapshotLimit,
@@ -669,7 +756,7 @@ func loadStringList(table, valueColumn, keyColumn, key string) ([]string, error)
 }
 
 func loadAPIKeys() ([]ApiKeyConfig, error) {
-	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id, name, key_hash, prefix, ip_whitelist, created_at, last_used FROM api_keys ORDER BY created_at, id`)
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id, name, key_hash, prefix, ip_whitelist, created_at, last_used, scopes, expires_at, disabled, container_uuids, last_used_ip FROM api_keys ORDER BY created_at, id`)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -677,9 +764,16 @@ func loadAPIKeys() ([]ApiKeyConfig, error) {
 	result := []ApiKeyConfig{}
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var k ApiKeyConfig
-		if err := rows.Scan(&k.ID, &k.Name, &k.KeyHash, &k.Prefix, &k.IPWhitelist, &k.CreatedAt, &k.LastUsed); err != nil {
+		var scopes, expiresAt, containerUUIDs, lastUsedIP sql.NullString
+		var disabled sql.NullInt64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&k.ID, &k.Name, &k.KeyHash, &k.Prefix, &k.IPWhitelist, &k.CreatedAt, &k.LastUsed, &scopes, &expiresAt, &disabled, &containerUUIDs, &lastUsedIP); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+		k.Scopes = decodeStringSlice(scopes.String)
+		k.ExpiresAt = expiresAt.String
+		k.Disabled = disabled.Valid && disabled.Int64 != 0
+		k.ContainerUUIDs = decodeStringSlice(containerUUIDs.String)
+		k.LastUsedIP = lastUsedIP.String
 		result = append(result, k)
 	}
 	return result, rows.Err()
@@ -709,7 +803,7 @@ func loadAuditLogs() ([]AuditLog, error) {
 
 func loadTasks() ([]SavedTask, error) {
 	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT
-		id, type, container_id, container_name, status, error, created_at, template_id, user,
+		id, type, container_id, container_name, status, error, created_at, template_id, user, ip, user_agent,
 		cfg_name, cfg_virtualization, cfg_template_id, cfg_vcpu, cfg_cpu_percent, cfg_ram_mb, cfg_disk_gb,
 		cfg_network_bw_mbps, cfg_monthly_traffic_gb, cfg_traffic_mode, cfg_traffic_in_gb,
 		cfg_traffic_out_gb, cfg_io_speed_mbps, cfg_port_mapping_count, cfg_snapshot_limit,
@@ -725,8 +819,9 @@ func loadTasks() ([]SavedTask, error) {
 		var t SavedTask
 		var cfg savedTaskConfig
 		var assignIPv6 int
+		var ip, userAgent sql.NullString
 		if err := rows.Scan(
-			&t.ID, &t.Type, &t.ContainerID, &t.ContainerName, &t.Status, &t.Error, &t.CreatedAt, &t.TemplateID, &t.User,
+			&t.ID, &t.Type, &t.ContainerID, &t.ContainerName, &t.Status, &t.Error, &t.CreatedAt, &t.TemplateID, &t.User, &ip, &userAgent,
 			&cfg.Name, &cfg.Virtualization, &cfg.TemplateID, &cfg.VCPU, &cfg.CPUPercent, &cfg.RAMMB, &cfg.DiskGB,
 			&cfg.NetworkBWMbps, &cfg.MonthlyTrafficGB, &cfg.TrafficMode, &cfg.TrafficInGB,
 			&cfg.TrafficOutGB, &cfg.IOSpeedMBps, &cfg.PortMappingCount, &cfg.SnapshotLimit,
@@ -734,6 +829,8 @@ func loadTasks() ([]SavedTask, error) {
 		); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+		t.IP = ip.String
+		t.UserAgent = userAgent.String
 		cfg.AssignIPv6 = assignIPv6 != 0
 		result = append(result, t)
 		configs = append(configs, cfg)

backend/internal/kvm/kvm.go

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ type Manager struct {
 }
 
 const ipv6GatewayLinkLocal = "fe80::1"
+const libvirtDefaultNetworkMarker = "/var/lib/clicd/kvm/default-network.created"
 
 type usageSample struct {
 	CPUUsec    uint64
@@ -1476,6 +1477,9 @@ func ensureDefaultNetwork() error {
 		if out, err := exec.Command("virsh", "net-define", tmpFile).CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to define libvirt default network: %v, output: %s", err, string(out))
 		}
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(libvirtDefaultNetworkMarker), 0755); err == nil {
+			_ = os.WriteFile(libvirtDefaultNetworkMarker, []byte("created-by-clicd\n"), 0644)
+		}
 	}
 	// Start and autostart the default network
 	if out, err := exec.Command("virsh", "net-info", "default").Output(); err == nil {

backend/internal/lxc/lxc.go

@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ func (m *Manager) CreateContainer(cfg ContainerConfig) error {
 			fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to install IPv6 init in %s: %v\n", lxcName, err)
 		}
 	}
-	if err := m.preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, sshPassword, cfg.TemplateID); err != nil {
+	if err := m.preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, cfg.TemplateID); err != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to pre-configure SSH in %s: %v\n", lxcName, err)
 	}
 
@@ -402,8 +402,7 @@ func (m *Manager) CreateContainer(cfg ContainerConfig) error {
 
 	// Set root password AFTER shiftRootfsForUnprivileged,
 	// otherwise /etc/shadow ownership breaks and SSHD cannot authenticate.
-	if err := m.runRootfsCommand(rootfsPath,
-		"sh", "-c", fmt.Sprintf("printf '%%s:%%s\\n' root %s | chpasswd", shellQuote(sshPassword))); err != nil {
+	if err := m.setRootfsPassword(rootfsPath, sshPassword); err != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to set root password in %s: %v\n", lxcName, err)
 	}
 
@@ -472,11 +471,11 @@ IPv6AcceptRA=no
 }
 
 // preconfigureSSH installs and configures SSH directly in the rootfs before first boot.
-func (m *Manager) preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, password, templateID string) error {
+func (m *Manager) preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, templateID string) error {
 	_ = templateID
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 180*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
-	cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfsPath, "sh", "-c", sshSetupScript(password, false))
+	cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfsPath, "sh", "-c", sshSetupScript(false))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -993,6 +992,27 @@ func parseSubIDRange(path, user string) (int, error) {
 	return 0, fmt.Errorf("%s must contain a %s subordinate id range with at least 65536 ids", path, user)
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) ensureUnprivilegedLXCPathAccess(lxcName string) error {
+	// Unprivileged container root maps to a subordinate host UID, so it needs
+	// execute permission on the LXC parent and container directories to reach
+	// rootfs. Some distributions create /var/lib/lxc as 750/700, which causes
+	// lxc-start to abort with "Could not access /var/lib/lxc".
+	for _, path := range []string{m.LxcPath, filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName)} {
+		info, err := os.Stat(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		mode := info.Mode().Perm()
+		if mode&0001 != 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := os.Chmod(path, mode|0001); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to fix LXC path permissions for %s: %v", path, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName string) error {
 	uidBase, gidBase, err := unprivilegedIDMap()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1000,6 +1020,9 @@ func (m *Manager) shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName string) error {
 	}
 	rootfsPath := filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName, "rootfs")
 	marker := filepath.Join(rootfsPath, ".clicd-unprivileged-shifted")
+	if err := m.ensureUnprivilegedLXCPathAccess(lxcName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if _, err := os.Stat(marker); err == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -1626,7 +1649,7 @@ func (m *Manager) EnsureSSH(id int) error {
 		config.SaveConfig()
 	}
 
-	script := sshSetupScript(c.SSHPassword, true)
+	script := sshSetupScript(true)
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 180*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
@@ -1638,6 +1661,9 @@ func (m *Manager) EnsureSSH(id int) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to configure SSH in container %d: %v, output: %s", id, err, string(output))
 	}
+	if err := m.quickEnsureSSHPassword(lxcName, c.SSHPassword); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set SSH password in container %d: %v", id, err)
+	}
 
 	if c.IP == "" {
 		if ip, ipErr := m.GetContainerIP(lxcName); ipErr == nil && ip != "" {
@@ -1656,13 +1682,13 @@ func (m *Manager) EnsureSSH(id int) error {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) quickEnsureSSHPassword(lxcName, password string) error {
-	if password == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("empty SSH password")
+	if err := validateRootPassword(password); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 8*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "lxc-attach", "-n", lxcName, "--", "sh", "-c",
-		fmt.Sprintf("printf '%%s:%%s\\n' root %s | chpasswd", shellQuote(password)))
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "lxc-attach", "-n", lxcName, "--", "chpasswd")
+	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader(rootPasswordInput(password))
 	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update SSH password quickly: %v, output: %s", err, string(output))
@@ -1670,6 +1696,20 @@ func (m *Manager) quickEnsureSSHPassword(lxcName, password string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func validateRootPassword(password string) error {
+	if password == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("empty SSH password")
+	}
+	if strings.ContainsAny(password, "\r\n") || strings.ContainsRune(password, '\x00') {
+		return fmt.Errorf("SSH password contains unsupported control characters")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func rootPasswordInput(password string) string {
+	return "root:" + password + "\n"
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) containerPortListening(lxcName string, port int) bool {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
@@ -1677,9 +1717,8 @@ func (m *Manager) containerPortListening(lxcName string, port int) bool {
 	return exec.CommandContext(ctx, "lxc-attach", "-n", lxcName, "--", "sh", "-c", check).Run() == nil
 }
 
-func sshSetupScript(password string, startService bool) string {
+func sshSetupScript(startService bool) string {
 	script := `set -u
-ROOT_PASSWORD=` + shellQuote(password) + `
 
 # DNS setup: handle both traditional /etc/resolv.conf and systemd-resolved (Ubuntu 24.04).
 # On modern distros, /etc/resolv.conf is a symlink managed by systemd-resolved.
@@ -1803,11 +1842,6 @@ set_sshd_option KbdInteractiveAuthentication no
 set_sshd_option ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
 set_sshd_option UsePAM no
 
-if [ -n "$ROOT_PASSWORD" ]; then
-	printf '%s:%s\n' root "$ROOT_PASSWORD" | chpasswd || exit 31
-	passwd -u root >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-fi
-
 if command -v rc-update >/dev/null 2>&1; then
 	rc-update add sshd default >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
 fi
@@ -1888,16 +1922,11 @@ func (m *Manager) ResetSSHPassword(id int, password string) (string, error) {
 			return "", err
 		}
 		rootfsPath := filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName, "rootfs")
-		if err := m.preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, newPassword, c.Template); err != nil {
+		if err := m.preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, c.Template); err != nil {
 			return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to configure SSH: %v", err)
 		}
-		cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfsPath, "sh", "-c", fmt.Sprintf("printf '%%s:%%s\\n' root %s | chpasswd", shellQuote(newPassword)))
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to set password: %v, output: %s", err, string(output))
+		if err := m.setRootfsPassword(rootfsPath, newPassword); err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to set password: %v", err)
 		}
 		c.SSHPassword = newPassword
 		config.SaveConfig()
@@ -1911,6 +1940,10 @@ func (m *Manager) rootfsCommand(rootfsPath string, args ...string) (*exec.Cmd, e
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	safeArgs, err := safeRootfsCommandArgs(args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 
 	marker := filepath.Join(cleanRootfsPath, ".clicd-unprivileged-shifted")
 	if _, err := os.Stat(marker); err == nil {
@@ -1921,11 +1954,11 @@ func (m *Manager) rootfsCommand(rootfsPath string, args ...string) (*exec.Cmd, e
 				"-m", fmt.Sprintf("g:0:%d:65536", gidBase),
 				"--", "chroot", "--", cleanRootfsPath,
 			}
-			cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, args...)
+			cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, safeArgs...)
 			return exec.Command("lxc-usernsexec", cmdArgs...), nil
 		}
 	}
-	cmdArgs := append([]string{"--", cleanRootfsPath}, args...)
+	cmdArgs := append([]string{"--", cleanRootfsPath}, safeArgs...)
 	return exec.Command("chroot", cmdArgs...), nil
 }
 
@@ -1937,6 +1970,58 @@ func (m *Manager) runRootfsCommand(rootfsPath string, args ...string) error {
 	return cmd.Run()
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) setRootfsPassword(rootfsPath, password string) error {
+	if err := validateRootPassword(password); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfsPath, "chpasswd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader(rootPasswordInput(password))
+	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%v, output: %s", err, string(output))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func safeRootfsCommandArgs(args []string) ([]string, error) {
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("empty rootfs command")
+	}
+	allowed := map[string]bool{
+		"chpasswd":  true,
+		"rc-update": true,
+		"sh":        true,
+		"systemctl": true,
+	}
+	if !allowed[args[0]] || strings.HasPrefix(args[0], "-") || strings.Contains(args[0], "/") {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rootfs command is not allowed: %s", args[0])
+	}
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		if strings.ContainsRune(arg, '\x00') {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("rootfs command argument contains NUL byte")
+		}
+	}
+	if args[0] == "sh" {
+		if len(args) != 3 || args[1] != "-c" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported rootfs shell invocation")
+		}
+		if !isCLICDManagedRootfsScript(args[2]) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("refusing unmanaged rootfs shell script")
+		}
+	}
+	return append([]string(nil), args...), nil
+}
+
+func isCLICDManagedRootfsScript(script string) bool {
+	return strings.Contains(script, "99-clicd.conf") &&
+		strings.Contains(script, "install_sshd") &&
+		!strings.Contains(script, "ROOT_PASSWORD") &&
+		!strings.Contains(script, "chpasswd")
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) safeRootfsPath(rootfsPath string) (string, error) {
 	if rootfsPath == "" {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("empty rootfs path")
@@ -1969,6 +2054,13 @@ func (m *Manager) safeRootfsPath(rootfsPath string) (string, error) {
 	if rel == "." || rel == ".." || strings.HasPrefix(rel, ".."+string(os.PathSeparator)) || filepath.IsAbs(rel) {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("refusing unsafe rootfs path: %s", cleanRootfsPath)
 	}
+	parts := strings.Split(rel, string(os.PathSeparator))
+	if len(parts) != 2 || parts[1] != "rootfs" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("refusing nested or malformed rootfs path: %s", cleanRootfsPath)
+	}
+	if strings.HasPrefix(parts[0], "-") || !regexp.MustCompile(`^[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+$`).MatchString(parts[0]) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("refusing unsafe container directory name: %s", parts[0])
+	}
 	return cleanRootfsPath, nil
 }
 
@@ -2211,6 +2303,85 @@ func (m *Manager) ImportExistingClicdContainers() ([]config.Container, error) {
 	return imported, nil
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) replaceRootfsFromTemplate(lxcName string, tmpl *Template) error {
+	if tmpl == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("template is nil")
+	}
+	tmpName := fmt.Sprintf("clicd-reinstall-%s-%s", lxcName, generateRandomString(8))
+	tmpDir := filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, tmpName)
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(tmpDir); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean temporary reinstall directory: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer m.cleanupTemporaryContainer(tmpName)
+
+	args := []string{
+		"-n", tmpName,
+		"-t", "download",
+		"--",
+		"-d", tmpl.Distro,
+		"-r", tmpl.Release,
+		"-a", tmpl.Arch,
+	}
+	if tmpl.Variant != "" {
+		args = append(args, "--variant", tmpl.Variant)
+	}
+	output, err := exec.Command("lxc-create", args...).CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download replacement rootfs: %v, output: %s", err, string(output))
+	}
+
+	tmpRootfs := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "rootfs")
+	if !rootfsHasInit(tmpRootfs) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("downloaded replacement rootfs is invalid: init not found")
+	}
+
+	rootfsPath := filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName, "rootfs")
+	if err := m.ensureDiskImageMounted(lxcName); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	m.unmountRootfsChildMounts(rootfsPath)
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(rootfsPath, 0755); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := removeDirectoryContents(rootfsPath); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to clear old rootfs: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := copyRootfsContents(tmpRootfs, rootfsPath); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !rootfsHasInit(rootfsPath) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("replacement rootfs copy failed: init not found")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) cleanupTemporaryContainer(lxcName string) {
+	exec.Command("lxc-stop", "-n", lxcName, "-k").Run()
+	exec.Command("lxc-destroy", "-n", lxcName, "-f").Run()
+	os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName))
+}
+
+func removeDirectoryContents(dir string) error {
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if err := os.RemoveAll(filepath.Join(dir, entry.Name())); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func copyRootfsContents(src, dst string) error {
+	output, err := exec.Command("cp", "-a", src+string(os.PathSeparator)+".", dst+string(os.PathSeparator)).CombinedOutput()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy replacement rootfs: %v, output: %s", err, string(output))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // ReinstallContainer reinstalls the container OS
 func (m *Manager) ReinstallContainer(id int, templateID string) error {
 	c := config.FindContainer(id)
@@ -2234,26 +2405,10 @@ func (m *Manager) ReinstallContainer(id int, templateID string) error {
 	// Clean port mappings temporarily
 	m.CleanPortMappings(id)
 
-	// Destroy old LXC but keep config
-	exec.Command("lxc-stop", "-n", lxcName, "-k").Run()
-	exec.Command("lxc-destroy", "-n", lxcName, "-f").Run()
-	rootfs := filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName, "rootfs")
-	exec.Command("umount", "-R", "-l", rootfs).Run()
-	os.RemoveAll(rootfs)
-	os.Remove(filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName, "rootfs.img"))
-
-	// Create new container with same LXC name (preserves ID)
-	cmd := exec.Command("lxc-create",
-		"-n", lxcName,
-		"-t", "download",
-		"--",
-		"-d", tmpl.Distro,
-		"-r", tmpl.Release,
-		"-a", tmpl.Arch,
-	)
-	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("lxc-create failed: %v, output: %s", err, string(output))
+	// Download the new OS into a temporary container, then replace only the
+	// existing rootfs. The target container directory and config are preserved.
+	if err := m.replaceRootfsFromTemplate(lxcName, tmpl); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
 	if err := m.applyDiskLimit(lxcName, c.DiskGB); err != nil {
@@ -2293,14 +2448,13 @@ func (m *Manager) ReinstallContainer(id int, templateID string) error {
 	if c.SSHPassword == "" {
 		c.SSHPassword = generateRandomString(16)
 	}
-	if err := m.preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, c.SSHPassword, templateID); err != nil {
+	if err := m.preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, templateID); err != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to pre-configure SSH in %s after reinstall: %v\n", lxcName, err)
 	}
 	if err := m.shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := m.runRootfsCommand(rootfsPath,
-		"sh", "-c", fmt.Sprintf("printf '%%s:%%s\\n' root %s | chpasswd", shellQuote(c.SSHPassword))); err != nil {
+	if err := m.setRootfsPassword(rootfsPath, c.SSHPassword); err != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("Warning: failed to set root password in %s after reinstall: %v\n", lxcName, err)
 	}
 

backend/internal/lxc/lxc_test.go

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func TestRootfsCommandAddsSeparatorAndPreservesArgs(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRootfsCommandAddsSeparatorForAllowedCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	base := t.TempDir()
 	rootfs := filepath.Join(base, "ct-1", "rootfs")
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(rootfs, 0755); err != nil {
@@ -16,18 +16,31 @@ func TestRootfsCommandAddsSeparatorAndPreservesArgs(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	m := &Manager{LxcPath: base}
-	cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfs, "sh", "-c", "true", "--flag")
+	cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfs, "chpasswd")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("rootfsCommand returned error: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	want := []string{"chroot", "--", rootfs, "sh", "-c", "true", "--flag"}
+	want := []string{"chroot", "--", rootfs, "chpasswd"}
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(cmd.Args, want) {
 		t.Fatalf("cmd.Args = %#v, want %#v", cmd.Args, want)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestRootfsCommandAllowsLeadingDashContainerName(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRootfsCommandRejectsUnmanagedCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	base := t.TempDir()
+	rootfs := filepath.Join(base, "ct-1", "rootfs")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(rootfs, 0755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	m := &Manager{LxcPath: base}
+	if _, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfs, "true"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("rootfsCommand allowed unmanaged command")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRootfsCommandRejectsLeadingDashContainerName(t *testing.T) {
 	base := t.TempDir()
 	rootfs := filepath.Join(base, "-ct", "rootfs")
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(rootfs, 0755); err != nil {
@@ -35,14 +48,8 @@ func TestRootfsCommandAllowsLeadingDashContainerName(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	m := &Manager{LxcPath: base}
-	cmd, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfs, "true")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("rootfsCommand returned error: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	want := []string{"chroot", "--", rootfs, "true"}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(cmd.Args, want) {
-		t.Fatalf("cmd.Args = %#v, want %#v", cmd.Args, want)
+	if _, err := m.rootfsCommand(rootfs, "chpasswd"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("rootfsCommand allowed leading-dash container name")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +71,7 @@ func TestRootfsCommandRejectsUnsafeRootfsPaths(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if _, err := m.rootfsCommand(tc.path, "true"); err == nil {
+			if _, err := m.rootfsCommand(tc.path, "chpasswd"); err == nil {
 				t.Fatalf("rootfsCommand(%q) returned nil error", tc.path)
 			}
 		})

backend/internal/server/server.go

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package server
 
 import (
+	"crypto/tls"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
+	"os"
 	"strings"
 
 	"clicd/internal/api"
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ func corsMiddleware(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
 			w.Header().Set("Vary", "Origin")
 			w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true")
 		}
-		w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS")
+		w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE, OPTIONS")
 		w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Content-Type, Authorization, X-API-Key")
 
 		if r.Method == http.MethodOptions {
@@ -75,7 +77,9 @@ func setupRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/change-password", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleAdminPasswordChange)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/change-username", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleAdminUsernameChange)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/login-logs", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleLoginLogs)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/ssl", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSSLSettings)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/containers", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleContainers))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/containers/list", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleContainerListAlias))))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/containers/", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleSingleContainer))))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/templates", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleTemplates)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/images", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleImages)))
@@ -86,6 +90,7 @@ func setupRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/images/enabled", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleEnabledImages))))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/dashboard", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleDashboard)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/host-info", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleHostInfo)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/host-report", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleHostReport)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/snapshots", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSnapshots)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/routing", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleRouting)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/ipv6/status", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleIPv6Status)))
@@ -113,6 +118,50 @@ func setupRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/api-keys", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleApiKeys)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/api-keys/", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleApiKeyDelete)))
 
+	// Versioned external API routes
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/dashboard", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleDashboard)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/containers", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleContainers))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/containers/list", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleContainerListAlias))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/containers/", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleSingleContainer))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/templates", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleTemplates)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/images", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleImages)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/images/download", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleImageDownload)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/images/cancel", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleImageCancel)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/images/delete", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleImageDelete)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/images/toggle", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleImageToggle)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/images/enabled", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleEnabledImages))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/host-info", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleHostInfo)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/host-report", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleHostReport)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/snapshots", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.ScopeMiddleware("snapshot:read", api.HandleSnapshots))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/routing", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleRouting)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/ipv6/status", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleIPv6Status)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/tasks", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.SubUserMiddleware(api.HandleTasks))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/tasks/", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleTaskDelete)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/batch-create", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleBatchCreate)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/batch-action", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleBatchAction)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/sub-user/create", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserCreate)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/sub-users", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserList)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/sub-users/", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserAction)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/audit-logs", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleAuditLogs)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/login-logs", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleLoginLogs)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/ssl", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSSLSettings)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/security/alerts", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.ScopeMiddleware("security:read", api.HandleSecurityAlerts))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/security/check", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.ScopeMiddleware("security:check", api.HandleSecurityCheck))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/security/logs", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.ScopeMiddleware("security:read", api.HandleSecurityLogs))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/security/summary", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.ScopeMiddleware("security:read", api.HandleContainerSecuritySummary))))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/security/settings", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleSecuritySettings)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/ssh-ticket", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleWebSSHTicket)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/vnc-ticket", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleVNCTicket)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/api-keys", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleApiKeys)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/api-keys/", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(api.HandleApiKeyDelete)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/swap", corsMiddleware(api.AuthMiddleware(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.Method == http.MethodGet {
+			api.HandleSwapInfo(w, r)
+			return
+		}
+		api.HandleSwapManage(w, r)
+	})))
+
 	// Version (public)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/version", corsMiddleware(api.HandleVersion))
 
@@ -163,5 +212,33 @@ func Run() error {
 		Handler: mux,
 	}
 
+	if sslEnabled() {
+		server.TLSConfig = &tls.Config{
+			MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12,
+			GetCertificate: func(*tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Certificate, error) {
+				cert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(config.AppConfig.SSL.CertPath, config.AppConfig.SSL.KeyPath)
+				return &cert, err
+			},
+		}
+		log.Printf("CLICD Web Server SSL enabled on https://0.0.0.0:%d", config.AppConfig.Port)
+		return server.ListenAndServeTLS("", "")
+	}
+
 	return server.ListenAndServe()
 }
+
+func sslEnabled() bool {
+	ssl := config.AppConfig.SSL
+	if !ssl.Enabled || ssl.CertPath == "" || ssl.KeyPath == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(ssl.CertPath); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("SSL certificate is not readable, falling back to HTTP: %v", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(ssl.KeyPath); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("SSL private key is not readable, falling back to HTTP: %v", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}

backend/internal/version/version.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package version
 
 var (
-	Version = "1.1.2"
+	Version = "1.1.7"
 	Repo    = "MengMengCode/CLICD"
 )
 

backend/main.go

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ func main() {
 
 		// Start security scanner
 		api.InitScanner()
+		api.StartSSLRenewalMonitor()
 
 		// Ensure iptables FORWARD rules allow managed bridge traffic.
 		lxc.EnsureForwardRules("lxcbr0")

docs/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+node_modules/
+.vitepress/cache/
+.vitepress/dist/
+.vitepress/.temp/

docs/.vitepress/config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { defineConfig } from 'vitepress'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+  title: 'CLICD',
+  description: '面向 LXC/KVM 的轻量虚拟化管理面板文档',
+  lang: 'zh-CN',
+  base: process.env.VITEPRESS_BASE || '/',
+  cleanUrls: true,
+  ignoreDeadLinks: true,
+  head: [
+    ['link', { rel: 'icon', href: '/favicon.svg' }],
+  ],
+  themeConfig: {
+    logo: '/favicon.svg',
+    search: {
+      provider: 'local',
+    },
+    nav: [
+      { text: '指南', link: '/guide/introduction' },
+      { text: '功能', link: '/features/dashboard' },
+      { text: '运维', link: '/operations/deployment' },
+      { text: '开发', link: '/developer/architecture' },
+    ],
+    sidebar: [
+      {
+        text: '开始',
+        items: [
+          { text: '项目介绍', link: '/guide/introduction' },
+          { text: '安装', link: '/guide/installation' },
+          { text: '升级', link: '/guide/upgrade' },
+          { text: '快速上手', link: '/guide/quick-start' },
+          { text: '配置说明', link: '/guide/configuration' },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        text: '功能',
+        items: [
+          { text: '控制面板', link: '/features/dashboard' },
+          { text: '容器管理', link: '/features/containers' },
+          { text: '镜像管理', link: '/features/images' },
+          { text: '网络与路由', link: '/features/networking' },
+          { text: '快照管理', link: '/features/snapshots' },
+          { text: '安全告警', link: '/features/security' },
+          { text: '子用户', link: '/features/sub-users' },
+          { text: 'API 集成', link: '/features/api' },
+          { text: '主机报告', link: '/features/host-report' },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        text: '运维',
+        items: [
+          { text: '部署建议', link: '/operations/deployment' },
+          { text: '故障排查', link: '/operations/troubleshooting' },
+          { text: '常见问题', link: '/operations/faq' },
+        ],
+      },
+      {
+        text: '开发',
+        items: [
+          { text: '系统架构', link: '/developer/architecture' },
+          { text: '本地构建', link: '/developer/build' },
+          { text: '发布流程', link: '/developer/release' },
+        ],
+      },
+    ],
+    socialLinks: [
+      { icon: 'github', link: 'https://github.com/MengMengCode/CLICD' },
+    ],
+    footer: {
+      message: 'CLICD 文档面向部署、使用、运维和二次开发场景。',
+      copyright: 'Copyright © CLICD contributors',
+    },
+  },
+})

docs/.vitepress/theme/custom.css

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+:root {
+  --vp-c-brand-1: #0284c7;
+  --vp-c-brand-2: #0ea5e9;
+  --vp-c-brand-3: #7dd3fc;
+  --vp-c-brand-soft: rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.14);
+  --vp-home-hero-name-color: #0369a1;
+  --vp-home-hero-image-background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #7dd3fc 0%, #38bdf8 46%, #86efac 100%);
+  --vp-home-hero-image-filter: blur(46px);
+}
+
+.dark {
+  --vp-c-brand-1: #7dd3fc;
+  --vp-c-brand-2: #38bdf8;
+  --vp-c-brand-3: #0ea5e9;
+  --vp-c-brand-soft: rgba(125, 211, 252, 0.16);
+  --vp-home-hero-name-color: #bae6fd;
+}
+
+.VPHomeHero .text {
+  max-width: 680px;
+}
+
+.vp-doc table {
+  display: table;
+  width: 100%;
+}

docs/.vitepress/theme/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import DefaultTheme from 'vitepress/theme'
+import './custom.css'
+
+export default DefaultTheme

docs/developer/architecture.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# 系统架构
+
+CLICD 由 Go 后端、React 前端和宿主机虚拟化能力组成。
+
+## 后端
+
+后端入口在 `backend/main.go`，HTTP 服务路由集中在 `backend/internal/server/server.go`。主要模块：
+
+- `internal/api`：Web 面板和 `/api/v1` 的 HTTP 接口。
+- `internal/config`：配置和 SQLite 存储。
+- `internal/lxc`：LXC 容器管理。
+- `internal/kvm`：KVM/libvirt 虚拟机管理。
+- `internal/cli`：命令行管理入口。
+- `internal/server`：静态前端嵌入和 HTTP 服务。
+- `internal/version`：版本号。
+
+## 前端
+
+前端入口在 `frontend/src/main.tsx`，页面位于 `frontend/src/pages`，通用组件位于 `frontend/src/components`。
+
+主要页面：
+
+- 控制面板：`Dashboard.tsx`
+- 容器列表：`Containers.tsx`
+- 容器详情：`ContainerDetail.tsx`
+- 镜像管理：`ImageManagement.tsx`
+- 安全告警：`Security.tsx`
+- 快照管理：`Snapshots.tsx`
+- 路由管理：`Routing.tsx`
+- API 集成：`ApiIntegration.tsx`
+- 主机报告：`HostReport.tsx`
+- 子用户管理：`SubUserManagement.tsx`
+
+## 前端嵌入
+
+生产构建时，前端产物会放入 `backend/internal/server/web`，后端通过 Go embed 提供静态文件，并对非 API 路由返回 SPA 入口。
+
+## 接口分层
+
+- `/api/*`：Web 面板和兼容接口。
+- `/api/v1/*`：推荐给外部自动化系统使用的版本化接口。
+- WebSSH 和 WebVNC 使用短期票据后建立 WebSocket 连接。

docs/developer/build.md

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# 本地构建
+
+## 前端构建
+
+```bash
+cd frontend
+npm install
+npm run build
+```
+
+构建输出位于 `frontend/dist`。
+
+## 后端构建
+
+```bash
+cd backend
+go test ./...
+go build -o ../build/clicd .
+```
+
+如果要打包嵌入式 Web 面板，需要先把前端构建产物同步到后端嵌入目录。
+
+## 一键构建
+
+项目根目录提供了构建脚本：
+
+```bash
+bash build.sh
+```
+
+该脚本用于串联前端构建、静态资源同步和 Go 二进制构建。
+
+## 文档站构建
+
+```bash
+cd docs
+npm install
+npm run dev
+npm run build
+```
+
+`npm run dev` 用于本地预览，`npm run build` 用于生成静态文档。

docs/developer/release.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# 发布流程
+
+CLICD 的安装和升级依赖 GitHub Release 产物。发布时建议使用语义化版本标签，例如 `v1.1.6`。
+
+## 版本号
+
+版本号需要同步检查：
+
+- `backend/internal/version/version.go`
+- `frontend/package.json`
+- Release 标签。
+
+## Release 产物
+
+安装脚本会优先下载 Linux AMD64 产物：
+
+```text
+clicd-linux-amd64.tar.gz
+```
+
+在部分场景中也会尝试下载单独二进制：
+
+```text
+clicd-linux-amd64
+```
+
+## 安装脚本行为
+
+- `CLICD_VERSION=latest`：使用 GitHub `releases/latest`。
+- `CLICD_VERSION=vX.Y.Z`：下载指定标签的 Release 产物。
+
+示例：
+
+```bash
+CLICD_VERSION=v1.1.6 sh install.sh
+```
+
+## 发布后验证
+
+- 安装脚本可以下载新版本。
+- `systemctl status clicd` 正常。
+- `/api/version` 返回新版本。
+- Web 面板可以加载前端资源。
+- 容器列表、任务队列、API Key 页面可以正常打开。

docs/features/api.md

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# API 集成
+
+CLICD 对外推荐使用 `/api/v1` 接口。旧版未带版本号的接口主要用于 Web 面板和兼容场景，新接入请优先使用 `/api/v1`。
+
+## 认证
+
+API Key 可在“API 集成”页面创建和管理。请求时支持两种写法：
+
+```bash
+curl -H "X-API-Key: YOUR_API_KEY" https://panel.example.com/api/v1/containers
+```
+
+```bash
+curl -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_API_KEY" https://panel.example.com/api/v1/dashboard
+```
+
+## Python 示例
+
+```python
+import requests
+
+BASE_URL = "https://panel.example.com"
+API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY"
+
+session = requests.Session()
+session.headers.update({
+    "X-API-Key": API_KEY,
+    "Content-Type": "application/json",
+})
+
+resp = session.get(f"{BASE_URL}/api/v1/containers", timeout=15)
+resp.raise_for_status()
+containers = resp.json()
+
+print(containers)
+```
+
+创建端口映射：
+
+```python
+import requests
+
+BASE_URL = "https://panel.example.com"
+API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY"
+CONTAINER_ID = "example-vm"
+
+payload = {
+    "name": "web",
+    "protocol": "tcp",
+    "host_port": 18080,
+    "container_port": 80,
+}
+
+resp = requests.post(
+    f"{BASE_URL}/api/v1/containers/{CONTAINER_ID}/port-mappings",
+    headers={"X-API-Key": API_KEY},
+    json=payload,
+    timeout=15,
+)
+resp.raise_for_status()
+print(resp.json())
+```
+
+## 返回结构示例
+
+容器列表：
+
+```json
+{
+  "success": true,
+  "data": [
+    {
+      "id": 5,
+      "uuid": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
+      "name": "example-vm",
+      "status": "running",
+      "ip": "10.0.3.25",
+      "ipv6": "2001:db8:100::1005",
+      "cpu_limit": 2,
+      "memory_limit": 2048,
+      "disk_limit": 20480,
+      "traffic_limit": 107374182400,
+      "expires_at": "2026-12-31 23:59:59"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+任务队列：
+
+```json
+{
+  "success": true,
+  "data": [
+    {
+      "id": "task-13",
+      "type": "restart",
+      "status": "running",
+      "created_at": "2026-06-09T10:00:00+08:00"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+WebSSH 票据：
+
+```json
+{
+  "success": true,
+  "data": {
+    "ticket": "***60秒有效票据***"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## 常用接口
+
+| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| GET | `/api/v1/dashboard` | 控制面板统计 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/host-info` | 主机资源 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/containers` | 容器列表 |
+| POST | `/api/v1/containers` | 创建容器 |
+| POST | `/api/v1/containers/{id}/start` | 开机 |
+| POST | `/api/v1/containers/{id}/stop` | 关机 |
+| POST | `/api/v1/containers/{id}/restart` | 重启 |
+| DELETE | `/api/v1/containers/{id}/delete` | 删除 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/tasks` | 任务队列 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/templates` | 模板列表 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/images` | 镜像管理列表 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/snapshots` | 快照总览 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/security/alerts` | 安全告警 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/audit-logs` | 操作日志 |
+| GET | `/api/v1/api-keys` | API Key 列表 |
+
+完整接口清单请以面板内“API 集成”页面为准。

docs/features/containers.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# 容器管理
+
+容器管理是 CLICD 的核心模块，覆盖创建、生命周期控制、资源限制、网络映射、流量统计、密码重置和控制台访问。
+
+## 容器列表
+
+列表页用于扫描所有容器状态。管理员可以查看全部容器，子用户只能看到授权范围内的容器。
+
+常见字段包括：
+
+- ID、UUID、名称。
+- 虚拟化类型。
+- 运行状态。
+- IP、IPv6。
+- CPU、内存、磁盘限制。
+- 流量使用量和流量上限。
+- 到期时间。
+
+## 创建容器
+
+创建时需要选择模板，并设置资源配额。批量创建可以通过面板或 API 完成，适合一次性发放多个容器。
+
+```http
+POST /api/v1/containers
+POST /api/v1/batch-create
+```
+
+## 生命周期操作
+
+```http
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/start
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/stop
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/restart
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/reinstall
+DELETE /api/v1/containers/{id}/delete
+```
+
+开关机、重装、删除等操作会进入任务队列。调用后可通过 `GET /api/v1/tasks` 查看执行状态。
+
+## 资源与流量
+
+容器详情页支持查看资源用量，调整流量限制、资源限制和到期时间。
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/containers/{id}/usage
+GET /api/v1/containers/{id}/traffic
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/traffic-reset
+PUT /api/v1/containers/{id}/traffic-limit
+PUT /api/v1/containers/{id}/resource-limit
+PUT /api/v1/containers/{id}/expiry
+```
+
+## NAT 端口管理
+
+容器详情页的 NAT 端口管理支持新增、编辑和删除映射。新增和编辑会在弹窗里完成，便于集中填写名称、协议、外部端口和内部端口。
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/containers/{id}/random-port
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/port-mappings
+PUT /api/v1/containers/{id}/port-mappings/{index}
+DELETE /api/v1/containers/{id}/port-mappings/{index}
+```
+
+子用户模式下，管理员可限制子用户只能调整内部端口，避免修改宿主机对外端口和协议。
+
+## 远程控制台
+
+```http
+POST /api/v1/ssh-ticket
+POST /api/v1/vnc-ticket
+```
+
+票据只适合短时间使用，返回后应立即用于 WebSSH 或 WebVNC 连接，不要持久化保存。

docs/features/dashboard.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# 控制面板
+
+控制面板用于查看宿主机和虚拟化资源的整体状态。
+
+## 统计项
+
+- 容器总数、运行中数量和停止数量。
+- CPU、内存、磁盘、Swap 等资源概览。
+- 主机网络和路由状态入口。
+- 任务队列状态。
+- 安全告警摘要。
+
+## 相关接口
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/dashboard
+GET /api/v1/host-info
+GET /api/v1/routing
+GET /api/v1/ipv6/status
+GET /api/v1/tasks
+```
+
+API 需要携带 API Key：
+
+```bash
+curl -H "X-API-Key: YOUR_API_KEY" https://panel.example.com/api/v1/dashboard
+```

docs/features/host-report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# 主机报告
+
+主机报告用于汇总宿主机运行环境、资源状态和虚拟化依赖，适合安装后自检、故障排查或给维护人员交付环境信息。
+
+## 查看内容
+
+- 系统版本和内核信息。
+- CPU、内存、磁盘、Swap。
+- 网络状态。
+- LXC/KVM 依赖状态。
+- CLICD 服务状态。
+
+## 相关接口
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/host-report
+GET /api/v1/host-info
+GET /api/v1/swap
+```
+
+对外发送报告前，请先检查是否包含公网 IP、内网网段、用户名、密钥、票据或业务域名。

docs/features/images.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# 镜像管理
+
+镜像管理用于维护可创建容器或虚拟机的模板。
+
+## 支持的模板类型
+
+项目内置了常见 Linux 发行版模板，例如 Debian、Ubuntu、Alpine、CentOS、Fedora、Arch Linux、Rocky Linux 等。KVM 模板会使用对应发行版的云镜像资源。
+
+## 管理动作
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/templates
+GET /api/v1/images
+POST /api/v1/images/download
+POST /api/v1/images/cancel
+DELETE /api/v1/images/delete
+PUT /api/v1/images/toggle
+```
+
+- `templates` 返回可用模板定义。
+- `images` 返回本地镜像状态。
+- `download` 下载指定模板。
+- `cancel` 取消下载任务。
+- `delete` 删除本地镜像缓存。
+- `toggle` 控制模板是否对创建流程可用。
+
+## Windows 镜像说明
+
+本项目不分发 Windows 系统镜像，也不提供绕过或规避 Windows 激活机制的功能。涉及 Windows 的下载链接应指向微软官方资源，使用者需要自行获得合法授权。

docs/features/networking.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# 网络与路由
+
+CLICD 提供 NAT4 端口映射、随机可用端口、IPv6 状态检查和 IPv6 分配能力。
+
+## NAT4
+
+NAT4 用于把宿主机端口转发到容器内部端口。典型用途：
+
+- 转发 SSH。
+- 暴露 Web 服务。
+- 给子用户分配固定外部端口。
+
+端口映射包含：
+
+| 字段 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- |
+| 名称 | 用于识别用途，例如 `ssh`、`web`。 |
+| 协议 | `tcp` 或 `udp`。 |
+| 外部端口 | 宿主机对外监听端口。 |
+| 内部端口 | 容器内部服务端口。 |
+
+## IPv6
+
+IPv6 分配要求宿主机本身拥有可路由 IPv6 地址段，并且系统路由、邻居发现或代理策略配置正确。
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/ipv6/status
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/ipv6
+```
+
+如果宿主机没有公网 IPv6 或上游没有正确路由，面板中分配出的地址也无法从公网访问。
+
+## 路由状态
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/routing
+```
+
+该接口用于查看 NAT、IPv6、端口容量等运行时状态。

docs/features/security.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# 安全告警
+
+CLICD 内置基于连接行为的轻量安全告警能力。它不保存完整正常连接日志，而是关注异常行为和高风险模式。
+
+## 覆盖场景
+
+- 端口扫描。
+- 横向扫描。
+- 爆破倾向。
+- SMTP 滥用。
+- UDP 反射风险。
+- 挖矿、代理、VPN、Tor 等可疑端口。
+
+## 接口
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/security/alerts
+POST /api/v1/security/check
+GET /api/v1/security/logs?container={name}
+GET /api/v1/security/summary
+GET /api/v1/security/settings
+PUT /api/v1/security/settings
+```
+
+## 自动关机
+
+安全设置中可配置告警后的自动关机策略。开启前建议先观察一段时间，确认规则不会影响正常业务。
+
+## 日志建议
+
+安全告警适合做风险提示，不应替代专业防火墙、入侵检测或集中日志系统。对公网暴露服务时，仍建议结合安全组、防火墙、Fail2ban 等工具。

docs/features/snapshots.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# 快照管理
+
+快照用于保存容器当前状态，方便在升级、变更配置或交付前回滚。
+
+## 全局总览
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/snapshots
+```
+
+用于查看所有容器的快照概览。
+
+## 容器快照
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/containers/{id}/snapshots
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/snapshots
+DELETE /api/v1/containers/{id}/snapshots/{snapshot_id}
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/snapshots/{snapshot_id}/restore
+```
+
+恢复快照会改变容器状态，生产环境建议先确认当前业务是否可以中断。
+
+## 计划快照与配额
+
+```http
+POST /api/v1/containers/{id}/snapshots/schedule
+PUT /api/v1/containers/{id}/snapshots/quota
+```
+
+计划快照适合长期运行的容器。配额用于避免快照无限增长占满宿主机磁盘。

docs/features/sub-users.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# 子用户
+
+子用户用于把指定容器授权给其他用户管理。它适合临时交付、拼车分配、教学实验或多人共用宿主机的场景。
+
+## 创建访问链接
+
+管理员选择容器后创建子用户链接：
+
+```http
+POST /api/v1/sub-user/create
+```
+
+返回内容中可能包含用户名、初始密码、访问码或访问链接。对外展示时必须脱敏，真实值只应发送给对应用户。
+
+## 管理子用户
+
+```http
+GET /api/v1/sub-users
+POST /api/v1/sub-users/{id}/rotate-password
+GET /api/v1/sub-users/{id}/audit-logs
+GET /api/v1/sub-users/{id}/login-logs
+```
+
+轮换密码会让旧凭证失效。审计日志和登录日志可用于排查误操作或异常访问。
+
+## 权限范围
+
+子用户只能管理被授权的容器。涉及全局配置、镜像管理、安全策略、API Key 等管理员功能不会开放给子用户。

docs/guide/configuration.md

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# 配置说明
+
+CLICD 安装后会以 systemd 服务运行，运行时配置和数据库保存在宿主机本地。实际路径可能随安装脚本参数变化，默认安装建议以 `/root/.clicd/` 为主要检查位置。
+
+## 常见配置项
+
+| 配置 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- |
+| Web 端口 | 默认 `8999`，服务启动时监听 `0.0.0.0:8999`。 |
+| 管理员账号 | 用于登录 Web 面板和管理 API Key。 |
+| 数据库 | SQLite，用于保存容器元数据、子用户、审计日志、API Key 等。 |
+| NAT 端口范围 | 用于随机端口和端口映射分配。 |
+| IPv6 地址段 | 宿主机有可路由 IPv6 时可配置分配策略。 |
+| 安全告警 | 可配置自动关机等策略。 |
+
+## 服务命令
+
+```bash
+systemctl status clicd
+systemctl restart clicd
+journalctl -u clicd -n 100 --no-pager
+```
+
+## 安全建议
+
+- 不要把 Web 面板直接暴露给不可信来源。
+- 使用复杂管理员密码，并定期轮换。
+- API Key 按用途拆分权限，避免长期使用全权限密钥。
+- WebSSH、WebVNC 票据是短期凭证，不应写入日志或外发。
+- 对外文档、截图和工单里不要粘贴真实 IP、密码、API Key 或票据。

docs/guide/installation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# 安装
+
+CLICD 提供一键安装脚本。脚本默认安装 GitHub Releases 的最新版本，也可以通过环境变量指定固定版本。
+
+## 环境要求
+
+- Linux x86_64 宿主机。
+- root 权限。
+- systemd。
+- 网络可访问 GitHub Release 下载地址。
+- 如果要使用 LXC，需要宿主机支持 LXC 运行环境。
+- 如果要使用 KVM，需要宿主机开启虚拟化并安装 libvirt/QEMU。
+
+## 安装最新版本
+
+```bash
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MengMengCode/CLICD/main/install.sh | sudo sh
+```
+
+脚本当前默认使用 `CLICD_VERSION=latest`，也就是下载 `releases/latest` 对应的 `clicd-linux-amd64.tar.gz`。
+
+## 安装指定版本
+
+```bash
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MengMengCode/CLICD/main/install.sh | sudo CLICD_VERSION=v1.1.6 sh
+```
+
+把 `v1.1.6` 替换成需要安装的 Release 标签即可。
+
+## 访问面板
+
+安装完成后，浏览器访问：
+
+```text
+http://YOUR_SERVER_IP:8999
+```
+
+首次登录请使用安装脚本输出的管理员账号信息。生产环境建议在防火墙或反向代理层限制访问来源，并尽快修改默认账号和密码。
+
+## 卸载
+
+```bash
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MengMengCode/CLICD/main/install.sh | sudo sh -s -- uninstall
+```
+
+卸载前请确认是否需要保留容器、镜像缓存、数据库和配置文件。

docs/guide/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# 项目介绍
+
+CLICD 是一个面向 LXC/KVM 的轻量虚拟化管理面板。它把常见宿主机运维动作收敛到 Web 控制台和命令行里，适合用来管理小型 VPS、独立服务器或需要批量分发容器访问权限的场景。
+
+## 核心能力
+
+- 管理 LXC 容器和 KVM 虚拟机。
+- 创建、开机、关机、重启、重装、删除容器。
+- 配置 CPU、内存、磁盘、流量限制和到期时间。
+- 管理 NAT4 端口映射，并在宿主机具备 IPv6 路由时分配公网 IPv6。
+- 在浏览器中打开 WebSSH 或 WebVNC。
+- 管理镜像下载、启用状态和本地缓存。
+- 创建、恢复、删除快照，配置计划快照和快照配额。
+- 基于连接行为生成安全告警，并保留审计日志。
+- 为指定容器创建子用户访问链接。
+- 通过 API Key 接入 `/api/v1` 自动化接口。
+
+## 适用场景
+
+- 一台宿主机上需要快速分配多个 Linux 容器。
+- 需要给用户临时发放容器控制台、SSH、VNC 或 NAT 端口管理权限。
+- 希望用 API 自动化创建容器、调整资源、重置密码或回收资源。
+- 需要一个比纯 CLI 更直观，但又不重型的平台面板。
+
+## 技术栈
+
+- 后端：Go、`net/http`、SQLite、systemd、LXC、KVM/libvirt、cgroup v2、iptables、conntrack。
+- 前端：React、TypeScript、Vite、Tailwind CSS、lucide-react、xterm.js、noVNC。
+- 发布：GitHub Actions 构建 Linux AMD64 release 产物，安装脚本默认拉取最新 Release。

docs/guide/quick-start.md

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# 快速上手
+
+下面是一条从安装后到创建第一台容器的常用路径。
+
+## 1. 登录控制台
+
+访问 `http://YOUR_SERVER_IP:8999`，使用管理员账号登录。
+
+进入面板后先检查：
+
+- 控制面板是否显示主机资源。
+- 镜像管理是否能列出模板。
+- 路由管理中 NAT 和 IPv6 状态是否符合宿主机预期。
+
+## 2. 下载镜像
+
+进入“镜像管理”，选择需要的模板并下载。宿主机资源较小时，可以优先选择 Alpine、Debian 这类轻量镜像。
+
+镜像下载是异步任务，可以在任务队列中观察进度。
+
+## 3. 创建容器
+
+进入“容器管理”，点击创建：
+
+- 选择虚拟化类型和模板。
+- 设置 CPU、内存、磁盘。
+- 设置流量限制和到期时间。
+- 如果需要外部访问，创建后到容器详情里添加 NAT 端口映射或分配 IPv6。
+
+## 4. 打开终端
+
+容器创建完成后，可以在详情页打开 WebSSH。KVM 虚拟机可使用 WebVNC 查看控制台。
+
+## 5. 分发给子用户
+
+如果需要把某个容器交给其他用户管理，进入“子用户管理”创建访问链接。子用户只会看到被授权的容器，并受到管理员配置的操作范围限制。

docs/guide/upgrade.md

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# 升级
+
+CLICD 的安装脚本和 CLI 都围绕 GitHub Release 产物工作。升级前建议先确认当前版本、备份配置和数据库。
+
+## 查看版本
+
+Web 面板侧边栏底部会显示当前版本，也可以访问：
+
+```bash
+curl http://127.0.0.1:8999/api/version
+```
+
+返回示例：
+
+```json
+{
+  "success": true,
+  "data": {
+    "version": "1.1.6"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## 使用安装脚本升级
+
+安装脚本默认使用最新 Release：
+
+```bash
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MengMengCode/CLICD/main/install.sh | sudo sh
+```
+
+指定版本：
+
+```bash
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MengMengCode/CLICD/main/install.sh | sudo CLICD_VERSION=v1.1.6 sh
+```
+
+## 升级前检查
+
+- 确认 `/root/.clicd/` 或实际配置目录已备份。
+- 确认系统服务没有正在执行关键任务。
+- 如果正在下载镜像或恢复快照，建议等待任务完成后再升级。
+- 升级后检查 `systemctl status clicd` 和 Web 面板版本号。

docs/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+layout: home
+
+hero:
+  name: CLICD
+  text: 轻量 LXC/KVM 虚拟化管理面板
+  tagline: 提供 Web 控制台、CLI、容器编排、NAT/IPv6、快照、安全告警、子用户和 API 自动化能力。
+  actions:
+    - theme: brand
+      text: 开始安装
+      link: /guide/installation
+    - theme: alt
+      text: 查看 API
+      link: /features/api
+
+features:
+  - title: 面向小型宿主机
+    details: 适合在单台 VPS 或独立服务器上管理 LXC 容器与 KVM 虚拟机。
+  - title: Web 与 CLI 并行
+    details: 管理员可使用 Web 面板，也可以进入 clicd CLI 完成维护操作。
+  - title: 自动化友好
+    details: /api/v1 提供容器、镜像、快照、安全、日志、子用户和 API Key 管理接口。
+---

docs/operations/deployment.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# 部署建议
+
+CLICD 可以直接运行在宿主机上，也可以放在反向代理之后。生产环境建议先做好访问控制，再开放给管理员使用。
+
+## 服务暴露
+
+默认 Web 端口为 `8999`：
+
+```text
+http://YOUR_SERVER_IP:8999
+```
+
+建议：
+
+- 仅允许固定管理员 IP 访问。
+- 使用反向代理配置 HTTPS。
+- 不要在公开文档或截图里暴露真实登录地址。
+
+## systemd
+
+常用命令：
+
+```bash
+systemctl status clicd
+systemctl restart clicd
+systemctl enable clicd
+journalctl -u clicd -f
+```
+
+## 防火墙
+
+至少确认：
+
+- 面板端口只对可信来源开放。
+- NAT 映射端口按需开放。
+- SSH 管理端口不与容器映射冲突。
+- IPv6 防火墙规则与 IPv4 同步规划。
+
+## 备份
+
+建议定期备份：
+
+- CLICD 配置目录。
+- SQLite 数据库。
+- 容器配置。
+- 关键容器的快照或外部数据备份。

docs/operations/faq.md

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# 常见问题
+
+## 安装脚本默认安装哪个版本？
+
+默认安装 GitHub Releases 的最新版本。脚本中默认值是 `CLICD_VERSION=latest`，会下载 `releases/latest` 下的 Linux AMD64 产物。
+
+## 可以固定安装某个版本吗？
+
+可以：
+
+```bash
+curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MengMengCode/CLICD/main/install.sh | sudo CLICD_VERSION=v1.1.6 sh
+```
+
+## 子用户能看到全部容器吗？
+
+不能。子用户只会看到管理员授权给他的容器。
+
+## API Key 和登录密码一样吗？
+
+不一样。API Key 在“API 集成”页面创建，用于程序化调用接口。登录密码用于 Web 面板登录。
+
+## 到达流量限制后会怎样？
+
+容器达到流量限制后会被自动关机，避免继续产生超额流量。管理员可以调整限制或重置流量。
+
+## IPv6 分配后为什么公网不通？
+
+IPv6 是否可达取决于宿主机和上游网络。需要确认宿主机拥有可路由 IPv6 地址段，并且路由、防火墙、邻居发现或代理配置正确。

docs/operations/troubleshooting.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# 故障排查
+
+## 服务无法访问
+
+检查服务状态：
+
+```bash
+systemctl status clicd
+journalctl -u clicd -n 100 --no-pager
+```
+
+检查端口监听：
+
+```bash
+ss -lntp | grep 8999
+```
+
+如果使用反向代理，请同时检查代理日志和上游地址。
+
+## 镜像下载失败
+
+- 确认宿主机可以访问镜像源和 GitHub Release。
+- 检查磁盘空间。
+- 在任务队列里查看失败原因。
+- 如下载卡住，可尝试取消任务后重新下载。
+
+## 容器无法联网
+
+- 检查宿主机 NAT 和转发规则。
+- 检查容器 IP 是否分配成功。
+- 检查防火墙是否拦截转发流量。
+- IPv6 场景下确认上游已经把地址段路由到宿主机。
+
+## WebSSH 或 WebVNC 连接失败
+
+- 确认容器或虚拟机正在运行。
+- WebSSH 需要容器内 SSH 服务可用。
+- WebVNC 需要 KVM 控制台可访问。
+- 票据有效期很短，过期后重新创建即可。
+
+## API 返回未授权
+
+- 确认 API Key 没有被禁用。
+- 确认请求头使用 `X-API-Key` 或 `Authorization: Bearer`。
+- 确认密钥权限范围覆盖目标接口。
+- 不要把面板登录密码当作 API Key 使用。

docs/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+  "name": "clicd-docs",
+  "private": true,
+  "type": "module",
+  "scripts": {
+    "dev": "vitepress dev . --host 127.0.0.1",
+    "build": "vitepress build .",
+    "preview": "vitepress preview . --host 127.0.0.1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "vitepress": "^1.6.4"
+  }
+}

docs/public/CNAME

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+cli.cd

docs/public/favicon.svg

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svg t="1780499553554" class="icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" p-id="4260" width="200" height="200"><path d="M852.9 147.8c4.9 0 9.1 4.2 9.1 9.1v167.8c0 4.9-4.2 9.1-9.1 9.1H171.1c-4.9 0-9.1-4.2-9.1-9.1V156.9c0-4.9 4.2-9.1 9.1-9.1h681.8m0-50H171.1c-32.5 0-59.1 26.6-59.1 59.1v167.8c0 32.5 26.6 59.1 59.1 59.1h681.8c32.5 0 59.1-26.6 59.1-59.1V156.9c0-32.5-26.6-59.1-59.1-59.1z" p-id="4261" fill="#707070"></path><path d="M290.5 214h-60v60h60v-60zM393.5 214h-60v60h60v-60zM806 214H591v60h215v-60zM852.9 417.8c4.9 0 9.1 4.2 9.1 9.1v167.8c0 4.9-4.2 9.1-9.1 9.1H171.1c-4.9 0-9.1-4.2-9.1-9.1V426.9c0-4.9 4.2-9.1 9.1-9.1h681.8m0-50H171.1c-32.5 0-59.1 26.6-59.1 59.1v167.8c0 32.5 26.6 59.1 59.1 59.1h681.8c32.5 0 59.1-26.6 59.1-59.1V426.9c0-32.5-26.6-59.1-59.1-59.1z" p-id="4262" fill="#707070"></path><path d="M290.5 484h-60v60h60v-60zM393.5 484h-60v60h60v-60zM806 484H591v60h215v-60zM852.9 687.8c4.9 0 9.1 4.2 9.1 9.1v167.8c0 4.9-4.2 9.1-9.1 9.1H171.1c-4.9 0-9.1-4.2-9.1-9.1V696.9c0-4.9 4.2-9.1 9.1-9.1h681.8m0-50H171.1c-32.5 0-59.1 26.6-59.1 59.1v167.8c0 32.5 26.6 59.1 59.1 59.1h681.8c32.5 0 59.1-26.6 59.1-59.1V696.9c0-32.5-26.6-59.1-59.1-59.1z" p-id="4263" fill="#707070"></path><path d="M290.5 754h-60v60h60v-60zM393.5 754h-60v60h60v-60zM806 754H591v60h215v-60z" p-id="4264" fill="#707070"></path></svg>

frontend/package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "name": "clicd-frontend",
   "private": true,
-  "version": "1.1.2",
+  "version": "1.1.7",
   "type": "module",
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "vite",

frontend/src/App.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import ContainerDetail from './pages/ContainerDetail'
 import Security from './pages/Security'
 import AuditLogs from './pages/AuditLogs'
 import ApiIntegration from './pages/ApiIntegration'
+import HostReport from './pages/HostReport'
 import Settings from './pages/Settings'
 import ImageManagement from './pages/ImageManagement'
 import Snapshots from './pages/Snapshots'
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ function App() {
         <Route path="routing" element={<Routing />} />
         <Route path="audit-logs" element={<AuditLogs />} />
         <Route path="api-integration" element={<ApiIntegration />} />
+        <Route path="host-report" element={<HostReport />} />
         <Route path="sub-users" element={<SubUserManagement />} />
         <Route path="settings" element={<Settings />} />
       </Route>

frontend/src/components/Sidebar.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import {
   ChevronLeft,
   ChevronRight,
   Code2,
+  Cpu,
   Camera,
   LayoutDashboard,
   LogOut,
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ export default function Sidebar({ collapsed, onToggle }: SidebarProps) {
   const isRoutingPage = location.pathname.startsWith('/routing')
   const isAuditLogsPage = location.pathname.startsWith('/audit-logs')
   const isApiIntegrationPage = location.pathname.startsWith('/api-integration')
+  const isHostReportPage = location.pathname.startsWith('/host-report')
   const isSecurityPage = location.pathname.startsWith('/security')
   const isSettingsPage = location.pathname.startsWith('/settings')
 
@@ -222,6 +224,18 @@ export default function Sidebar({ collapsed, onToggle }: SidebarProps) {
               {!collapsed && <span>API 集成</span>}
             </button>
 
+            <button
+              onClick={() => navigate('/host-report')}
+              className={`w-full flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2.5 rounded-md text-sm transition-colors ${
+                isHostReportPage
+                  ? 'bg-black text-white dark:bg-white dark:text-black'
+                  : 'text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800'
+              }`}
+            >
+              <Cpu className="w-4 h-4" />
+              {!collapsed && <span>宿主机信息</span>}
+            </button>
+
             <button
               onClick={() => navigate('/settings')}
               className={`w-full flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2.5 rounded-md text-sm transition-colors ${

frontend/src/components/WebVNCViewer.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,46 @@ export default function WebVNCViewer({ containerName, onClose }: WebVNCViewerPro
     }
   }
 
+  const ensureResizeObserver = () => {
+    if ('ResizeObserver' in window) return
+
+    class FallbackResizeObserver {
+      private target: Element | null = null
+      private timer = 0
+      private lastWidth = -1
+      private lastHeight = -1
+
+      constructor(private callback: ResizeObserverCallback) {}
+
+      observe = (target: Element) => {
+        this.target = target
+        this.check()
+        this.timer = window.setInterval(this.check, 250)
+        window.addEventListener('resize', this.check)
+      }
+
+      unobserve = () => this.disconnect()
+
+      disconnect = () => {
+        if (this.timer) window.clearInterval(this.timer)
+        this.timer = 0
+        window.removeEventListener('resize', this.check)
+        this.target = null
+      }
+
+      private check = () => {
+        if (!this.target) return
+        const contentRect = this.target.getBoundingClientRect()
+        if (contentRect.width === this.lastWidth && contentRect.height === this.lastHeight) return
+        this.lastWidth = contentRect.width
+        this.lastHeight = contentRect.height
+        this.callback([{ target: this.target, contentRect } as ResizeObserverEntry], this as unknown as ResizeObserver)
+      }
+    }
+
+    ;(window as unknown as { ResizeObserver: typeof ResizeObserver }).ResizeObserver = FallbackResizeObserver as unknown as typeof ResizeObserver
+  }
+
   const connect = async () => {
     const target = screenRef.current
     if (!target) return
@@ -47,7 +87,10 @@ export default function WebVNCViewer({ containerName, onClose }: WebVNCViewerPro
     }
 
     try {
-      const rfb = new RFB(target, getWebVNCUrl(containerName, ticket))
+      ensureResizeObserver()
+      const rfb = new RFB(target, getWebVNCUrl(containerName), {
+        wsProtocols: ['binary', `clicd-vnc-ticket.${ticket}`],
+      })
       rfb.scaleViewport = true
       rfb.resizeSession = false
       rfb.focusOnClick = true
@@ -76,7 +119,8 @@ export default function WebVNCViewer({ containerName, onClose }: WebVNCViewerPro
     } catch (err) {
       console.error(err)
       setStatus('error')
-      setErrorMsg('WebVNC 初始化失败')
+      const message = err instanceof Error && err.message ? `：${err.message}` : ''
+      setErrorMsg(`WebVNC 初始化失败${message}`)
     }
   }
 

frontend/src/pages/ContainerDetail.tsx

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
   const vncFullscreenRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
   const [vncFullscreen, setVncFullscreen] = useState(false)
   const [showNat, setShowNat] = useState(false)
-  const [showNatAdd, setShowNatAdd] = useState(false)
+  const [showMappingEditor, setShowMappingEditor] = useState(false)
   const [showExpiryEdit, setShowExpiryEdit] = useState(false)
   const [editExpiry, setEditExpiry] = useState('')
   const [savingExpiry, setSavingExpiry] = useState(false)
@@ -452,10 +452,10 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
     const digits = '23456789'
     const symbols = '!@#$%*-_+='
     const all = letters + digits + symbols
-    const pick = (chars: string) => chars[Math.floor(Math.random() * chars.length)]
+    const pick = (chars: string) => chars[secureRandomInt(chars.length)]
     let password = pick(letters) + pick(digits)
     while (password.length < 16) password += pick(all)
-    setResetPasswordDraft(password.split('').sort(() => Math.random() - 0.5).join(''))
+    setResetPasswordDraft(secureShuffle(password.split('')).join(''))
     setResetPasswordResult('')
   }
 
@@ -517,21 +517,11 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
     if (isSubUser && container?.policy_blocked) return
     setDraft(emptyDraft)
     setShowNat(true)
+    setShowMappingEditor(true)
   }
 
   const openEditMapping = (pm: PortMapping, index: number) => {
     if (isSubUser && container?.policy_blocked) return
-    if (isSubUser) {
-      // Sub-user: only edit container_port in a simple modal
-      setDraft({
-        index,
-        description: pm.description,
-        host_port: String(pm.host_port),
-        container_port: String(pm.container_port),
-        protocol: pm.protocol || 'all',
-      })
-      return
-    }
     setDraft({
       index,
       description: pm.description,
@@ -539,6 +529,8 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
       container_port: String(pm.container_port),
       protocol: pm.protocol || 'all',
     })
+    setShowNat(true)
+    setShowMappingEditor(true)
   }
 
   const submitMapping = async (): Promise<boolean> => {
@@ -1394,9 +1386,9 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
       )}
 
       {showNat && (
-        <Modal title="NAT 端口管理" onClose={() => { setShowNat(false); setDraft(emptyDraft); setShowNatAdd(false) }} wide extra={
-          !isSubUser && canAddMapping && !showNatAdd && (
-            <button onClick={() => { setShowNatAdd(true); setDraft({...emptyDraft}) }} className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 bg-black text-white rounded-md text-xs hover:bg-gray-800">
+        <Modal title="NAT 端口管理" onClose={() => { setShowNat(false); setDraft(emptyDraft); setShowMappingEditor(false) }} wide extra={
+          !isSubUser && canAddMapping && (
+            <button onClick={openAddMapping} className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 bg-black text-white rounded-md text-xs hover:bg-gray-800">
               <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />添加映射
             </button>
           )
@@ -1411,96 +1403,33 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
               )}
             </div>
             <MappingTable mappings={container.port_mappings || []} publicHost={publicHost} onEdit={openEditMapping} onDelete={isSubUser ? () => {} : removeMapping} isSubUser={isSubUser} />
-            {showNatAdd && !isSubUser && (
-              <div className="border border-gray-200 rounded-lg p-4">
-                <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
-                  <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-black">添加映射规则</h3>
-                  <button onClick={() => setShowNatAdd(false)} className="text-xs text-gray-500 hover:text-black"><X className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /></button>
-                </div>
-                <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-5 gap-3">
-                  <Field label="名称">
-                    <input value={draft.description} onChange={(e) => setDraft({ ...draft, description: e.target.value })} className={inputClass} placeholder="Web / API" />
-                  </Field>
-                  <Field label="协议">
-                    <select value={draft.protocol} onChange={(e) => setDraft({ ...draft, protocol: e.target.value })} className={inputClass}>
-                      <option value="all">全部 (ALL)</option>
-                      <option value="tcp">TCP</option>
-                      <option value="udp">UDP</option>
-                      <option value="tcp+udp">TCP+UDP</option>
-                      <option value="icmp">ICMP</option>
-                    </select>
-                  </Field>
-                  <Field label="外部端口">
-                    <div className="flex gap-1">
-                      <input value={draft.host_port} onChange={(e) => setDraft({ ...draft, host_port: e.target.value })} className={inputClass + ' flex-1'} placeholder="默认同内部" />
-                      <button
-                        onClick={async () => {
-                          try {
-                            const res = await api.get<APIResponse<{port: number}>>(`/containers/${containerIdentifier}/random-port`)
-                            const port = res.data.data?.port || 0
-                            if (port > 0) setDraft({ ...draft, host_port: String(port) })
-                          } catch { /* ignore */ }
-                        }}
-                        className="px-2 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md text-xs text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-50"
-                        title="随机空闲端口"
-                      >随机</button>
-                    </div>
-                  </Field>
-                  <Field label="内部端口">
-                    <input
-                      value={draft.container_port}
-                      onChange={(e) => setDraft({ ...draft, container_port: e.target.value })}
-                      className={inputClass}
-                      placeholder="例如 80"
-                    />
-                  </Field>
-                  <div className="flex items-end">
-                    <button onClick={async () => { if (await submitMapping()) setShowNatAdd(false) }} disabled={savingMapping || !canAddMapping} className="w-full inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-2 bg-black text-white rounded-md text-sm hover:bg-gray-800 disabled:opacity-50">
-                      <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
-                      {savingMapping ? '保存中...' : '保存'}
-                    </button>
-                  </div>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            )}
-            {/* Sub-user edit port modal: only container_port is editable */}
-            {draft.index !== null && isSubUser && (
-              <div className="border border-gray-200 rounded-lg p-4">
-                <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
-                  <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-black">修改端口映射</h3>
-                  <button onClick={() => setDraft(emptyDraft)} className="text-xs text-gray-500 hover:text-black"><X className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /></button>
-                </div>
-                <div className="grid grid-cols-4 gap-3">
-                  <Field label="名称">
-                    <input value={draft.description} disabled className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 rounded-md text-sm text-gray-400 bg-gray-50" />
-                  </Field>
-                  <Field label="协议">
-                    <input value={draft.protocol.toUpperCase()} disabled className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 rounded-md text-sm text-gray-400 bg-gray-50" />
-                  </Field>
-                  <Field label="外部端口">
-                    <input value={draft.host_port} disabled className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 rounded-md text-sm text-gray-400 bg-gray-50" />
-                  </Field>
-                  <Field label="内部端口">
-                    <input
-                      value={draft.container_port}
-                      onChange={(e) => setDraft({ ...draft, container_port: e.target.value })}
-                      className={inputClass}
-                      placeholder="例如 80"
-                    />
-                  </Field>
-                </div>
-                <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 mt-4">
-                  <button onClick={() => setDraft(emptyDraft)} className="px-4 py-2 text-sm text-gray-600 border border-gray-200 rounded-md hover:bg-gray-50">取消</button>
-                  <button onClick={async () => { if (await submitMapping()) setDraft(emptyDraft) }} disabled={savingMapping} className="px-4 py-2 text-sm bg-black text-white rounded-md hover:bg-gray-800 disabled:opacity-50">
-                    {savingMapping ? '保存中...' : '保存'}
-                  </button>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            )}
           </div>
         </Modal>
       )}
 
+      {showMappingEditor && (
+        <Modal
+          title={draft.index === null ? '添加端口映射' : '修改端口映射'}
+          onClose={() => { setShowMappingEditor(false); setDraft(emptyDraft) }}
+        >
+          <MappingEditor
+            draft={draft}
+            setDraft={setDraft}
+            isSubUser={isSubUser}
+            canAddMapping={canAddMapping}
+            saving={savingMapping}
+            containerIdentifier={containerIdentifier}
+            onCancel={() => { setShowMappingEditor(false); setDraft(emptyDraft) }}
+            onSubmit={async () => {
+              if (await submitMapping()) {
+                setShowMappingEditor(false)
+                setDraft(emptyDraft)
+              }
+            }}
+          />
+        </Modal>
+      )}
+
       {showSubUser && subUser && (
         <Modal title="管理链接" onClose={() => setShowSubUser(false)}>
           <div className="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-lg p-4 text-sm space-y-3">
@@ -1803,6 +1732,116 @@ function SnapshotTable({ snapshots, busy, onRestore, onDelete }: {
   )
 }
 
+function MappingEditor({
+  draft,
+  setDraft,
+  isSubUser,
+  canAddMapping,
+  saving,
+  containerIdentifier,
+  onCancel,
+  onSubmit,
+}: {
+  draft: MappingDraft
+  setDraft: (draft: MappingDraft) => void
+  isSubUser: boolean
+  canAddMapping: boolean
+  saving: boolean
+  containerIdentifier: string
+  onCancel: () => void
+  onSubmit: () => void
+}) {
+  const isEditing = draft.index !== null
+  const updateDraft = (patch: Partial<MappingDraft>) => setDraft({ ...draft, ...patch })
+  const disabledInputClass = 'w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 rounded-md text-sm text-gray-400 bg-gray-50'
+
+  const fillRandomPort = async () => {
+    try {
+      const res = await api.get<APIResponse<{ port: number }>>(`/containers/${containerIdentifier}/random-port`)
+      const port = res.data.data?.port || 0
+      if (port > 0) updateDraft({ host_port: String(port) })
+    } catch {
+      // keep manual input available if random port lookup fails
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-4">
+      <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2">
+        <Field label="名称">
+          <input
+            value={draft.description}
+            disabled={isSubUser}
+            onChange={(e) => updateDraft({ description: e.target.value })}
+            className={isSubUser ? disabledInputClass : inputClass}
+            placeholder="Web / API"
+          />
+        </Field>
+
+        <Field label="协议">
+          {isSubUser ? (
+            <input value={draft.protocol.toUpperCase()} disabled className={disabledInputClass} />
+          ) : (
+            <select value={draft.protocol} onChange={(e) => updateDraft({ protocol: e.target.value })} className={inputClass}>
+              <option value="all">全部 (ALL)</option>
+              <option value="tcp">TCP</option>
+              <option value="udp">UDP</option>
+              <option value="tcp+udp">TCP+UDP</option>
+              <option value="icmp">ICMP</option>
+            </select>
+          )}
+        </Field>
+
+        <Field label="外部端口">
+          {isSubUser ? (
+            <input value={draft.host_port} disabled className={disabledInputClass} />
+          ) : (
+            <div className="flex gap-1">
+              <input
+                value={draft.host_port}
+                onChange={(e) => updateDraft({ host_port: e.target.value })}
+                className={`${inputClass} flex-1`}
+                placeholder="默认同内部"
+              />
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                onClick={fillRandomPort}
+                className="rounded-md border border-gray-300 px-2 py-2 text-xs text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-50"
+                title="随机空闲端口"
+              >
+                随机
+              </button>
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </Field>
+
+        <Field label="内部端口">
+          <input
+            value={draft.container_port}
+            onChange={(e) => updateDraft({ container_port: e.target.value })}
+            className={inputClass}
+            placeholder="例如 80"
+          />
+        </Field>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 border-t border-gray-100 pt-4">
+        <button onClick={onCancel} className="px-4 py-2 text-sm text-gray-600 border border-gray-200 rounded-md hover:bg-gray-50">
+          取消
+        </button>
+        <button
+          onClick={onSubmit}
+          disabled={saving || (!isEditing && !canAddMapping)}
+          className="inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 px-4 py-2 text-sm bg-black text-white rounded-md hover:bg-gray-800 disabled:opacity-50"
+        >
+          <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
+          {saving ? '保存中...' : '保存'}
+        </button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
 function MappingTable({ mappings, publicHost, onEdit, onDelete, compact = false, isSubUser = false }: { mappings: PortMapping[]; publicHost: string; onEdit: (pm: PortMapping, index: number) => void; onDelete: (index: number) => void; compact?: boolean; isSubUser?: boolean }) {
   if (mappings.length === 0) {
     return <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">暂无端口映射</p>
@@ -2054,6 +2093,32 @@ function TrafficBar({ container }: { container: Container }) {
   )
 }
 
+function secureRandomInt(maxExclusive: number) {
+  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(maxExclusive) || maxExclusive <= 0) {
+    throw new Error('invalid random range')
+  }
+  const values = new Uint32Array(1)
+  const maxUint32 = 0x100000000
+  const limit = Math.floor(maxUint32 / maxExclusive) * maxExclusive
+  let value = 0
+  do {
+    crypto.getRandomValues(values)
+    value = values[0]
+  } while (value >= limit)
+  return value % maxExclusive
+}
+
+function secureShuffle<T>(items: T[]) {
+  const next = [...items]
+  for (let i = next.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+    const j = secureRandomInt(i + 1)
+    const value = next[i]
+    next[i] = next[j]
+    next[j] = value
+  }
+  return next
+}
+
 function getTemplateIcon(id: string): ReactNode {
   const size = 'w-6 h-6'
   id = id.startsWith('kvm-') ? id.slice(4) : id

frontend/src/pages/HostReport.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+import { ReactNode, useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import {
+  Activity,
+  CheckCircle2,
+  Cpu,
+  HardDrive,
+  MemoryStick,
+  RefreshCw,
+  XCircle,
+} from 'lucide-react'
+import { getHostReport, HostProbeReport } from '../services/api'
+
+export default function HostReport() {
+  const [report, setReport] = useState<HostProbeReport | null>(null)
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true)
+
+  const fetchReport = useCallback(async () => {
+    setLoading(true)
+    try {
+      const res = await getHostReport()
+      setReport(res.data.data || null)
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(err)
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false)
+    }
+  }, [])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    fetchReport()
+  }, [fetchReport])
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-6">
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-3">
+        <div>
+          <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-black">宿主机信息</h1>
+          <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500">硬件、网络、磁盘健康与运行环境探测报告</p>
+        </div>
+        <button onClick={fetchReport} disabled={loading} className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-md border border-gray-200 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-50">
+          <RefreshCw className={`h-4 w-4 ${loading ? 'animate-spin' : ''}`} />
+          刷新
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      {loading && !report ? (
+        <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white py-14 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">正在探测宿主机环境...</div>
+      ) : !report ? (
+        <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white py-14 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">暂未获取到宿主机信息</div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="space-y-5">
+          <div className="grid gap-3 md:grid-cols-2 xl:grid-cols-4">
+            <ProbeMetric icon={<Cpu className="h-4 w-4" />} label="CPU" value={report.cpu.model || 'Unknown'} sub={`${report.cpu.cores} 核 / ${report.cpu.threads} 线程`} />
+            <ProbeMetric icon={<MemoryStick className="h-4 w-4" />} label="RAM" value={formatMB(report.memory.total_mb)} sub={`${formatMB(report.memory.used_mb)} 已用`} />
+            <ProbeMetric icon={<HardDrive className="h-4 w-4" />} label="DISK" value={`${report.disks.length} 块硬盘`} sub={report.disks.map(d => d.type).filter(Boolean).join(' / ') || 'Unknown'} />
+            <ProbeMetric icon={<Activity className="h-4 w-4" />} label="运行状态" value={report.system.uptime_text} sub={`${report.system.process_count} 个进程`} />
+          </div>
+
+          <ProbeSection title="系统概览">
+            <ProbeRows rows={[
+              ['主机名', report.hostname],
+              ['操作系统', report.os],
+              ['内核', report.kernel],
+              ['生成时间', report.generated_at],
+              ['CPU 架构', report.cpu.architecture],
+              ['CPU 虚拟化指令', report.cpu.virtualization ? `支持 (${report.cpu.virtualization_key})` : '未检测到'],
+              ['CPU 核显', report.cpu.has_integrated_gpu ? '检测到' : '未检测到'],
+              ['显卡', report.gpus.length ? `${report.gpus.length} 个` : '未检测到'],
+              ['运行能力', runtimeModeLabel(report.runtime.support_mode)],
+              ['KVM 嵌套虚拟化', `${report.runtime.nested_virtualization ? '支持' : '未检测到'} (${report.runtime.nested_detail || '-'})`],
+            ]} />
+          </ProbeSection>
+
+          <ProbeSection title="公网与路由">
+            <ProbeRows rows={[
+              ['公网 IPv4', report.public_ipv4.length ? report.public_ipv4.join('\n') : '未检测到'],
+              ['IPv4 地址', report.ipv4_addresses?.length ? report.ipv4_addresses.map(formatIPv4Address).join('\n') : '未检测到'],
+              ['IPv4 段', report.ipv4_prefixes?.length ? report.ipv4_prefixes.map(formatIPv4Prefix).join('\n') : '未检测到'],
+              ['IPv6 地址', report.ipv6_addresses.length ? report.ipv6_addresses.map(ip => `${ip.address}/${ip.prefix_len} (${ip.interface})`).join('\n') : '未检测到'],
+              ['IPv6 段', report.ipv6_prefixes?.length ? report.ipv6_prefixes.map(formatIPv6Prefix).join('\n') : '未检测到'],
+              ['网关', report.gateways.length ? report.gateways.map(g => `${g.family}: ${g.gateway || '-'} dev ${g.interface || '-'}`).join('\n') : '未检测到'],
+            ]} />
+          </ProbeSection>
+
+          <ProbeTable
+            title="内存条"
+            empty="未检测到内存条明细，可能缺少 dmidecode 或权限受限"
+            headers={['插槽', '容量', '类型', '频率', '厂商', '型号/序列号']}
+            rows={(report.memory.modules || []).map(m => [
+              m.locator || '-',
+              m.size || '-',
+              m.type || '-',
+              m.speed || '-',
+              m.manufacturer || '-',
+              [m.part_number, m.serial_number].filter(Boolean).join(' / ') || '-',
+            ])}
+          />
+
+          <ProbeTable
+            title="硬盘与健康"
+            empty="未检测到硬盘"
+            headers={['设备', '型号', '容量', '类型', '挂载点', '健康', '寿命', '通电', '读取', '写入', '命令数', '擦写']}
+            rows={report.disks.map(d => [
+              `${d.path || d.name}\n${d.serial || ''}`,
+              d.model || '-',
+              formatBytes(d.size_bytes),
+              d.type || (d.rotational ? 'HDD' : 'SSD'),
+              d.mountpoints?.length ? d.mountpoints.join('\n') : '-',
+              `${diskHealthLabel(d.health)}\n${d.health_detail || ''}`,
+              formatLifeUsed(d.smart?.life_used_percent),
+              d.smart?.power_on_hours ? `${d.smart.power_on_hours} 小时\n${formatPowerOnDays(d.smart.power_on_hours)}` : '-',
+              formatBytes(d.smart?.read_data_bytes || 0),
+              formatBytes(d.smart?.written_data_bytes || 0),
+              formatCommands(d.smart?.read_commands, d.smart?.write_commands),
+              formatWear(d.smart?.wear_leveling_count, d.smart?.erase_count, d.smart?.power_cycle_count),
+            ])}
+          />
+
+          <ProbeTable
+            title="网卡"
+            empty="未检测到网卡"
+            headers={['网卡', '状态', '驱动/速率', 'MAC', 'IPv4', 'IPv6']}
+            rows={report.network_interfaces.map(n => [
+              `${n.name}\n${n.model || ''}`,
+              n.state || '-',
+              `${n.driver || '-'}\n${n.speed_mbps > 0 ? `${n.speed_mbps} Mbps` : '-'}`,
+              n.mac || '-',
+              n.ipv4?.length ? n.ipv4.map(ip => `${ip.address}/${ip.prefix_len}`).join('\n') : '-',
+              n.ipv6?.length ? n.ipv6.map(ip => `${ip.address}/${ip.prefix_len} ${ip.scope}`).join('\n') : '-',
+            ])}
+          />
+
+          <ProbeTable
+            title="显卡"
+            empty="未检测到显卡"
+            headers={['名称', '厂商', '类型', '驱动']}
+            rows={report.gpus.map(g => [g.name, g.vendor || '-', gpuTypeLabel(g.type), g.driver || '-'])}
+          />
+
+          <ProbeSection title="环境支持">
+            <div className="grid gap-2 md:grid-cols-2">
+              {report.environment.map(item => (
+                <div key={item.key} className="flex items-start gap-2 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-2">
+                  {item.ok ? <CheckCircle2 className="mt-0.5 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 text-green-600" /> : <XCircle className={`mt-0.5 h-4 w-4 shrink-0 ${item.required ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-amber-600'}`} />}
+                  <div className="min-w-0">
+                    <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-gray-800">
+                      <span>{item.label}</span>
+                      <span className={`rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] ${item.required ? 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' : 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-700'}`}>
+                        {item.required ? '必要' : '可选'}
+                      </span>
+                    </div>
+                    <div className="mt-1 break-all font-mono text-[11px] text-gray-500">{item.detail || '-'}</div>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              ))}
+            </div>
+          </ProbeSection>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function ProbeMetric({ icon, label, value, sub }: { icon: ReactNode; label: string; value: string; sub: string }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-3">
+      <div className="mb-2 flex items-center gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">
+        {icon}
+        {label}
+      </div>
+      <div className="line-clamp-2 break-words text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900" title={value}>{value}</div>
+      <div className="mt-1 truncate text-xs text-gray-500" title={sub}>{sub}</div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function ProbeSection({ title, children }: { title: string; children: ReactNode }) {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2 className="mb-2 text-sm font-semibold text-black">{title}</h2>
+      {children}
+    </section>
+  )
+}
+
+function ProbeRows({ rows }: { rows: Array<[string, string]> }) {
+  return (
+    <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white">
+      {rows.map(([label, value]) => (
+        <div key={label} className="grid gap-2 border-b border-gray-100 px-3 py-2 text-xs last:border-b-0 md:grid-cols-[160px_1fr]">
+          <div className="font-medium text-gray-500">{label}</div>
+          <div className="whitespace-pre-wrap break-words font-mono text-gray-800">{value || '-'}</div>
+        </div>
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+function ProbeTable({ title, headers, rows, empty }: { title: string; headers: string[]; rows: string[][]; empty: string }) {
+  return (
+    <section>
+      <h2 className="mb-2 text-sm font-semibold text-black">{title}</h2>
+      {rows.length === 0 ? (
+        <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-3 text-xs text-gray-400">{empty}</div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="overflow-x-auto rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white">
+          <table className="w-full text-xs">
+            <thead>
+              <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 bg-gray-50 text-left text-gray-500">
+                {headers.map(header => <th key={header} className="px-3 py-2 font-medium">{header}</th>)}
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100">
+              {rows.map((row, rowIndex) => (
+                <tr key={rowIndex} className="align-top">
+                  {row.map((cell, cellIndex) => (
+                    <td key={cellIndex} className="max-w-[280px] whitespace-pre-wrap break-words px-3 py-2 text-gray-700">
+                      {cell || '-'}
+                    </td>
+                  ))}
+                </tr>
+              ))}
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </section>
+  )
+}
+
+function formatIPv4Address(ip: HostProbeReport['ipv4_addresses'][number]) {
+  return `${ip.address}/${ip.prefix_len} (${ip.interface})`
+}
+
+function formatIPv4Prefix(prefix: HostProbeReport['ipv4_prefixes'][number]) {
+  const parts = [
+    prefix.prefix || '-',
+    prefix.subnet_mask ? `mask ${prefix.subnet_mask}` : '',
+    prefix.gateway ? `via ${prefix.gateway}` : '',
+    prefix.interface ? `dev ${prefix.interface}` : '',
+    prefix.source ? `[${prefix.source}]` : '',
+  ].filter(Boolean)
+  return parts.join(' ')
+}
+
+function formatIPv6Prefix(prefix: HostProbeReport['ipv6_prefixes'][number]) {
+  const value = prefix.prefix || prefix.address || '-'
+  const cidr = value.includes('/') || !prefix.prefix_len ? value : `${value}/${prefix.prefix_len}`
+  return `${cidr} via ${prefix.gateway || '-'}`
+}
+
+function formatMB(value: number) {
+  if (!value) return '-'
+  if (value >= 1024) return `${(value / 1024).toFixed(1)} GB`
+  return `${value} MB`
+}
+
+function formatBytes(value: number) {
+  if (!value) return '-'
+  const units = ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB']
+  let next = value
+  let index = 0
+  while (next >= 1024 && index < units.length - 1) {
+    next /= 1024
+    index++
+  }
+  return `${next.toFixed(index === 0 ? 0 : 1)} ${units[index]}`
+}
+
+function formatLifeUsed(value?: number) {
+  if (value === undefined || value === null) return '-'
+  return `${value}% 已用\n${Math.max(0, 100 - value)}% 剩余`
+}
+
+function formatPowerOnDays(hours: number) {
+  const days = Math.floor(hours / 24)
+  const rest = hours % 24
+  return days > 0 ? `${days} 天 ${rest} 小时` : `${hours} 小时`
+}
+
+function formatCommands(read?: number, write?: number) {
+  if (!read && !write) return '-'
+  return `读 ${formatCount(read || 0)}\n写 ${formatCount(write || 0)}`
+}
+
+function formatCount(value: number) {
+  if (!value) return '-'
+  if (value >= 1_000_000_000) return `${(value / 1_000_000_000).toFixed(1)}B`
+  if (value >= 1_000_000) return `${(value / 1_000_000).toFixed(1)}M`
+  if (value >= 1_000) return `${(value / 1_000).toFixed(1)}K`
+  return `${value}`
+}
+
+function formatWear(wear?: string, erase?: string, powerCycles?: number) {
+  const rows: string[] = []
+  if (wear) rows.push(`磨损 ${wear}`)
+  if (erase) rows.push(`擦写 ${erase}`)
+  if (powerCycles) rows.push(`启停 ${powerCycles}`)
+  return rows.length ? rows.join('\n') : '-'
+}
+
+function runtimeModeLabel(value: string) {
+  switch (value) {
+    case 'kvm_lxc':
+      return '支持 KVM + LXC'
+    case 'lxc_only':
+      return '仅支持 LXC'
+    default:
+      return '未满足运行环境'
+  }
+}
+
+function diskHealthLabel(value: string) {
+  switch (value) {
+    case 'ok':
+      return '健康'
+    case 'failed':
+      return '异常'
+    default:
+      return '未知'
+  }
+}
+
+function gpuTypeLabel(value: string) {
+  if (value === 'integrated') return '核显'
+  if (value === 'discrete') return '独显'
+  return value || '-'
+}

frontend/src/pages/Login.tsx

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Login() {
           </form>
         </div>
 
-        <p className="text-center text-xs text-gray-400 mt-6">CLICD v1.1.2</p>
+        <p className="text-center text-xs text-gray-400 mt-6">CLICD v1.1.7</p>
       </div>
     </div>
   )

frontend/src/pages/Settings.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
-import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react'
-import { UserCog, Key, LogIn, Monitor, Clock, Globe } from 'lucide-react'
+import { Dispatch, SetStateAction, useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { Clock, Globe, Lock, LogIn, Monitor, RefreshCw, ShieldCheck, Upload, UserCog } from 'lucide-react'
 import {
   changePassword,
   changeUsername,
   getLoginLogs,
+  getSSLSettings,
   LoginLog,
+  SSLSettings,
+  updateSSLSettings,
 } from '../services/api'
 import { useDialog } from '../components/Dialog'
 import { useAuth } from '../contexts/AuthContext'
@@ -20,7 +23,16 @@ export default function Settings() {
   const [oldPwd, setOldPwd] = useState('')
   const [newPwd, setNewPwd] = useState('')
   const [newUsername, setNewUsername] = useState('')
-  const [pwdForUser, setPwdForUser] = useState('')
+
+  const [ssl, setSSL] = useState<SSLSettings | null>(null)
+  const [sslEnabled, setSSLEnabled] = useState(false)
+  const [sslMode, setSSLMode] = useState<SSLSettings['mode']>('disabled')
+  const [sslTarget, setSSLTarget] = useState('')
+  const [sslEmail, setSSLEmail] = useState('')
+  const [certPEM, setCertPEM] = useState('')
+  const [keyPEM, setKeyPEM] = useState('')
+  const [applyNow, setApplyNow] = useState(true)
+  const [savingSSL, setSavingSSL] = useState(false)
 
   const fetchLogs = useCallback(async () => {
     try {
@@ -33,30 +45,95 @@ export default function Settings() {
     }
   }, [])
 
-  useEffect(() => { fetchLogs(); const t = setInterval(fetchLogs, 15000); return () => clearInterval(t) }, [fetchLogs])
+  const fetchSSL = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const res = await getSSLSettings()
+      const data = res.data.data
+      if (!data) return
+      setSSL(data)
+      setSSLEnabled(data.enabled)
+      setSSLMode(data.mode || 'disabled')
+      setSSLTarget(data.target || data.detected_host || '')
+      setSSLEmail(data.email || '')
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(err)
+    }
+  }, [])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    fetchLogs()
+    fetchSSL()
+    const timer = setInterval(fetchLogs, 15000)
+    return () => clearInterval(timer)
+  }, [fetchLogs, fetchSSL])
+
+  const handleSSLModeChange = (mode: SSLSettings['mode']) => {
+    setSSLMode(mode)
+    const saved = ssl?.mode_certificates?.[mode]
+    setSSLTarget(saved?.target || ssl?.detected_host || sslTarget)
+    setSSLEmail(saved?.email || '')
+  }
+
+  const handleSaveSSL = async () => {
+    setSavingSSL(true)
+    try {
+      const enabled = sslEnabled && sslMode !== 'disabled'
+      const res = await updateSSLSettings({
+        enabled,
+        mode: enabled ? sslMode : 'disabled',
+        target: sslTarget,
+        email: sslEmail,
+        cert_pem: certPEM,
+        key_pem: keyPEM,
+        apply_now: applyNow,
+      })
+      if (res.data.data) {
+        setSSL(res.data.data)
+        setCertPEM('')
+        setKeyPEM('')
+      }
+      dialog.alert('完成', applyNow ? 'SSL 设置已保存，服务正在重启。稍后请用新的协议重新打开面板。' : 'SSL 设置已保存，重启 clicd 服务后生效。')
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      const e = err as { response?: { data?: { message?: string } } }
+      dialog.alert('失败', e.response?.data?.message || 'SSL 设置保存失败')
+    } finally {
+      setSavingSSL(false)
+    }
+  }
 
   const handleSaveAccount = async () => {
-    if (!oldPwd) { dialog.alert('提示', '请输入当前密码以确认修改'); return }
-    if (!newPwd && !newUsername) { dialog.alert('提示', '至少填写新密码或新用户名中的一项'); return }
-    if (newPwd && newPwd.length < 6) { dialog.alert('提示', '新密码至少 6 位'); return }
-    if (newUsername && newUsername.length < 3) { dialog.alert('提示', '用户名至少 3 位'); return }
+    if (!oldPwd) {
+      dialog.alert('提示', '请输入当前密码以确认修改')
+      return
+    }
+    if (!newPwd && !newUsername) {
+      dialog.alert('提示', '至少填写新密码或新用户名中的一项')
+      return
+    }
+    if (newPwd && newPwd.length < 6) {
+      dialog.alert('提示', '新密码至少 6 位')
+      return
+    }
+    if (newUsername && newUsername.length < 3) {
+      dialog.alert('提示', '用户名至少 3 位')
+      return
+    }
 
-    let results: string[] = []
+    const results: string[] = []
     try {
-      // 先改用户名（用旧密码验证），再改密码，否则改完密码后旧密码就失效了
       if (newUsername) {
         const res = await changeUsername(newUsername, oldPwd)
-        if (res.data.success) results.push('用户名已修改')
-        else results.push('用户名修改失败')
+        results.push(res.data.success ? '用户名已修改' : '用户名修改失败')
       }
       if (newPwd) {
         const res = await changePassword(oldPwd, newPwd)
-        if (res.data.success) results.push('密码已修改')
-        else results.push('密码修改失败')
+        results.push(res.data.success ? '密码已修改' : '密码修改失败')
       }
       if (results.length > 0) {
-        dialog.alert('完成', results.join('，') + '。下次登录生效')
-        setOldPwd(''); setNewPwd(''); setNewUsername('')
+        dialog.alert('完成', `${results.join('，')}。下次登录生效`)
+        setOldPwd('')
+        setNewPwd('')
+        setNewUsername('')
       }
     } catch (err: unknown) {
       const e = err as { response?: { data?: { message?: string } } }
@@ -67,111 +144,268 @@ export default function Settings() {
   if (loading) {
     return (
       <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-20">
-        <div className="animate-spin rounded-full h-8 w-8 border-b-2 border-black"></div>
+        <div className="h-8 w-8 animate-spin rounded-full border-b-2 border-black"></div>
       </div>
     )
   }
 
+  const totalPages = Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize)
+
   return (
     <div className="space-y-6">
       <div>
         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-black">面板设置</h1>
-        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-1">账号管理与登录日志</p>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500">账号、安全证书与登录日志</p>
       </div>
 
-      {/* Account Settings */}
-      <div className="bg-white border border-gray-200 rounded-lg p-5">
-        <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold text-black mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
-          <UserCog className="w-4 h-4" />账号设置
-        </h2>
-        <div className="space-y-4">
-          <div>
-            <label className="block text-xs text-gray-500 mb-1">当前用户名</label>
-            <input type="text" value={username || ''} disabled className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 rounded-md text-sm text-gray-400 bg-gray-50" />
+      <div className="grid items-start gap-6 xl:grid-cols-[minmax(0,1.15fr)_minmax(360px,0.85fr)]">
+        <SSLCard
+          ssl={ssl}
+          sslEnabled={sslEnabled}
+          sslMode={sslMode}
+          sslTarget={sslTarget}
+          sslEmail={sslEmail}
+          certPEM={certPEM}
+          keyPEM={keyPEM}
+          applyNow={applyNow}
+          savingSSL={savingSSL}
+          onRefresh={fetchSSL}
+          onEnabledChange={setSSLEnabled}
+          onModeChange={handleSSLModeChange}
+          onTargetChange={setSSLTarget}
+          onEmailChange={setSSLEmail}
+          onCertChange={setCertPEM}
+          onKeyChange={setKeyPEM}
+          onApplyNowChange={setApplyNow}
+          onSave={handleSaveSSL}
+        />
+
+        <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white p-5">
+          <h2 className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-semibold text-black">
+            <UserCog className="h-4 w-4" />账号设置
+          </h2>
+          <div className="space-y-4">
+            <div>
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">当前用户名</label>
+              <input type="text" value={username || ''} disabled className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">新用户名，留空则不修改</label>
+              <input type="text" value={newUsername} onChange={(e) => setNewUsername(e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-black" placeholder="至少 3 位" />
+            </div>
+            <div className="border-t border-gray-100 pt-3">
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">新密码，留空则不修改</label>
+              <input type="password" value={newPwd} onChange={(e) => setNewPwd(e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-black" placeholder="至少 6 位" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">当前密码，验证身份</label>
+              <input type="password" value={oldPwd} onChange={(e) => setOldPwd(e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-black" placeholder="输入当前密码以确认修改" />
+            </div>
+            <button onClick={handleSaveAccount} className="w-full rounded-md bg-black px-4 py-2 text-sm text-white hover:bg-gray-800">保存修改</button>
           </div>
-          <div>
-            <label className="block text-xs text-gray-500 mb-1">新用户名（留空则不修改）</label>
-            <input type="text" value={newUsername} onChange={(e) => setNewUsername(e.target.value)} className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md text-sm text-black bg-white" placeholder="至少 3 位" />
-          </div>
-          <div className="border-t border-gray-100 pt-3">
-            <label className="block text-xs text-gray-500 mb-1">新密码（留空则不修改）</label>
-            <input type="password" value={newPwd} onChange={(e) => setNewPwd(e.target.value)} className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md text-sm text-black bg-white" placeholder="至少 6 位" />
-          </div>
-          <div>
-            <label className="block text-xs text-gray-500 mb-1">当前密码（验证身份）</label>
-            <input type="password" value={oldPwd} onChange={(e) => setOldPwd(e.target.value)} className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md text-sm text-black bg-white" placeholder="输入当前密码以确认修改" />
-          </div>
-          <button onClick={handleSaveAccount} className="w-full px-4 py-2 bg-black text-white rounded-md text-sm hover:bg-gray-800">保存修改</button>
         </div>
       </div>
 
-      {/* Login Logs */}
-      <div className="bg-white border border-gray-200 rounded-lg p-5">
-        <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold text-black mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
-          <LogIn className="w-4 h-4" />登录日志
+      <LoginLogCard logs={logs} logPage={logPage} pageSize={pageSize} totalPages={totalPages} setLogPage={setLogPage} />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+interface SSLCardProps {
+  ssl: SSLSettings | null
+  sslEnabled: boolean
+  sslMode: SSLSettings['mode']
+  sslTarget: string
+  sslEmail: string
+  certPEM: string
+  keyPEM: string
+  applyNow: boolean
+  savingSSL: boolean
+  onRefresh: () => void
+  onEnabledChange: (enabled: boolean) => void
+  onModeChange: (mode: SSLSettings['mode']) => void
+  onTargetChange: (target: string) => void
+  onEmailChange: (email: string) => void
+  onCertChange: (cert: string) => void
+  onKeyChange: (key: string) => void
+  onApplyNowChange: (apply: boolean) => void
+  onSave: () => void
+}
+
+function SSLCard(props: SSLCardProps) {
+  const selectedSSL = props.ssl?.mode_certificates?.[props.sslMode]
+  const modeOptions: Array<{ value: SSLSettings['mode']; label: string }> = [
+    { value: 'letsencrypt', label: 'Let’s Encrypt' },
+    { value: 'self_signed', label: '自签证书' },
+    { value: 'uploaded', label: '上传证书' },
+  ]
+
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white p-5">
+      <div className="mb-4 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
+        <h2 className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-semibold text-black">
+          <ShieldCheck className="h-4 w-4" />SSL 证书
         </h2>
-        {logs.length === 0 ? (
-          <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">暂无登录记录</p>
-        ) : (
-          <>
-            <div className="overflow-x-auto">
-              <table className="w-full text-xs">
-                <thead>
-                  <tr className="text-gray-400 border-b border-gray-100">
-                    <th className="text-left py-2 font-medium w-40"><span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><Clock className="w-3 h-3" />时间</span></th>
-                    <th className="text-left py-2 font-medium">用户名</th>
-                    <th className="text-left py-2 font-medium"><span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><Globe className="w-3 h-3" />IP</span></th>
-                    <th className="text-left py-2 font-medium"><span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><Monitor className="w-3 h-3" />设备</span></th>
-                    <th className="text-left py-2 font-medium">结果</th>
-                  </tr>
-                </thead>
-                <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
-                  {logs.slice((logPage - 1) * pageSize, logPage * pageSize).map((log, i) => (
-                    <tr key={i}>
-                      <td className="py-1.5 text-gray-500 font-mono whitespace-nowrap">{log.time}</td>
-                      <td className="py-1.5 text-gray-700">{log.username}</td>
-                      <td className="py-1.5 text-gray-500 font-mono">{log.ip}</td>
-                      <td className="py-1.5 text-gray-500 max-w-[180px] truncate" title={log.user_agent}>{formatUA(log.user_agent)}</td>
-                      <td className="py-1.5">
-                        <span className={`px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-xs ${log.success ? 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-700' : 'bg-red-50 text-red-600'}`}>
-                          {log.success ? '成功' : '失败'}
-                        </span>
-                      </td>
-                    </tr>
-                  ))}
-                </tbody>
-              </table>
+        <button onClick={props.onRefresh} className="rounded-md border border-gray-200 p-1.5 text-gray-500 hover:bg-gray-50" title="刷新">
+          <RefreshCw className="h-4 w-4" />
+        </button>
+      </div>
+      <div className="space-y-4">
+        <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
+          <input type="checkbox" checked={props.sslEnabled} onChange={(e) => props.onEnabledChange(e.target.checked)} className="h-4 w-4 rounded border-gray-300" />
+          启用 HTTPS / WSS
+        </label>
+
+        <div className="grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">
+          {modeOptions.map((option) => (
+            <button
+              key={option.value}
+              onClick={() => props.onModeChange(option.value)}
+              className={`rounded-md border px-3 py-2 text-sm ${props.sslMode === option.value ? 'border-black bg-black text-white' : 'border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50'}`}
+            >
+              {option.label}
+            </button>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2">
+          <div>
+            <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">IP / 域名</label>
+            <input
+              type="text"
+              value={props.sslTarget}
+              onChange={(e) => props.onTargetChange(e.target.value)}
+              className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-black"
+              placeholder={props.ssl?.detected_host || '服务器公网 IP 或域名'}
+            />
+          </div>
+          {props.sslMode === 'letsencrypt' && (
+            <div>
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">邮箱，可选</label>
+              <input type="email" value={props.sslEmail} onChange={(e) => props.onEmailChange(e.target.value)} className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-black" placeholder="admin@example.com" />
             </div>
-            {logs.length > pageSize && (
-              <div className="flex items-center justify-between mt-3 pt-3 border-t border-gray-100">
-                <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">共 {logs.length} 条，第 {logPage}/{Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize)} 页</span>
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
-                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage(1)} disabled={logPage === 1} className="px-2 py-1 text-xs border border-gray-200 rounded hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">首页</button>
-                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage(p => Math.max(1, p - 1))} disabled={logPage === 1} className="px-2 py-1 text-xs border border-gray-200 rounded hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">上一页</button>
-                  {Array.from({length: Math.min(5, Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize))}, (_, i) => {
-                    const totalPages = Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize)
-                    let start = Math.max(1, logPage - 2)
-                    if (start + 4 > totalPages) start = Math.max(1, totalPages - 4)
-                    const page = start + i
-                    if (page > totalPages) return null
-                    return (
-                      <button key={page} onClick={() => setLogPage(page)} className={`w-7 h-7 text-xs rounded ${page === logPage ? 'bg-black text-white' : 'border border-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-50'}`}>{page}</button>
-                    )
-                  })}
-                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage(p => Math.min(Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize), p + 1))} disabled={logPage >= Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize)} className="px-2 py-1 text-xs border border-gray-200 rounded hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">下一页</button>
-                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage(Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize))} disabled={logPage >= Math.ceil(logs.length / pageSize)} className="px-2 py-1 text-xs border border-gray-200 rounded hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">末页</button>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            )}
-          </>
+          )}
+        </div>
+
+        {props.sslMode === 'letsencrypt' && (
+          <div className="rounded-md border border-amber-200 bg-amber-50 p-3 text-xs text-amber-800">
+            纯 IP 证书需要服务器安装 Certbot 5.4+，且验证时 80 端口必须能被 Let’s Encrypt 访问。IP 证书是短有效期证书，certbot 需要保持自动续签。
+          </div>
         )}
+
+        {props.sslMode === 'self_signed' && (
+          <div className="rounded-md border border-gray-100 bg-gray-50 p-3 text-xs text-gray-600">
+            自签证书可以加密面板和 VNC，但浏览器会提示证书不受信任；证书快到期时系统会自动重新签发。
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {props.sslMode === 'uploaded' && (
+          <div className="grid gap-3 lg:grid-cols-2">
+            <div>
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">证书 PEM / fullchain.pem</label>
+              <textarea value={props.certPEM} onChange={(e) => props.onCertChange(e.target.value)} rows={7} className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 font-mono text-xs text-black" placeholder="-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" />
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <label className="mb-1 block text-xs text-gray-500">私钥 PEM / privkey.pem</label>
+              <textarea value={props.keyPEM} onChange={(e) => props.onKeyChange(e.target.value)} rows={7} className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-3 py-2 font-mono text-xs text-black" placeholder="-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----" />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        {selectedSSL?.certificate ? (
+          <div className="rounded-md border border-gray-100 bg-gray-50 p-3 text-xs text-gray-600">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-gray-800">
+              <Lock className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+              当前证书：{selectedSSL.certificate.valid ? '有效' : '已过期或未生效'}
+            </div>
+            <div className="mt-1 font-mono">到期时间：{selectedSSL.certificate.not_after}</div>
+            <div className="mt-1 truncate font-mono" title={selectedSSL.cert_path}>证书路径：{selectedSSL.cert_path || '-'}</div>
+            {selectedSSL.last_error && <div className="mt-1 text-red-600">最近错误：{selectedSSL.last_error}</div>}
+          </div>
+        ) : (
+          <div className="rounded-md border border-gray-100 bg-gray-50 p-3 text-xs text-gray-600">
+            {props.sslMode === 'uploaded' ? '上传来源还没有保存证书，请粘贴证书和私钥后保存。' : '当前来源还没有保存证书，保存 SSL 设置时会自动生成或申请。'}
+          </div>
+        )}
+
+        <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500">
+          <input type="checkbox" checked={props.applyNow} onChange={(e) => props.onApplyNowChange(e.target.checked)} className="h-4 w-4 rounded border-gray-300" />
+          保存后自动重启服务并立即生效
+        </label>
+
+        <button onClick={props.onSave} disabled={props.savingSSL} className="inline-flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-md bg-black px-4 py-2 text-sm text-white hover:bg-gray-800 disabled:opacity-50">
+          <Upload className="h-4 w-4" />
+          {props.savingSSL ? '保存中...' : '保存 SSL 设置'}
+        </button>
       </div>
     </div>
   )
 }
 
+interface LoginLogCardProps {
+  logs: LoginLog[]
+  logPage: number
+  pageSize: number
+  totalPages: number
+  setLogPage: Dispatch<SetStateAction<number>>
+}
+
+function LoginLogCard({ logs, logPage, pageSize, totalPages, setLogPage }: LoginLogCardProps) {
+  return (
+    <div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white p-5">
+      <h2 className="mb-4 flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-semibold text-black">
+        <LogIn className="h-4 w-4" />登录日志
+      </h2>
+      {logs.length === 0 ? (
+        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">暂无登录记录</p>
+      ) : (
+        <>
+          <div className="overflow-x-auto">
+            <table className="w-full text-xs">
+              <thead>
+                <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 text-gray-400">
+                  <th className="w-40 py-2 text-left font-medium"><span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><Clock className="h-3 w-3" />时间</span></th>
+                  <th className="py-2 text-left font-medium">用户名</th>
+                  <th className="py-2 text-left font-medium"><span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><Globe className="h-3 w-3" />IP</span></th>
+                  <th className="py-2 text-left font-medium"><span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><Monitor className="h-3 w-3" />设备</span></th>
+                  <th className="py-2 text-left font-medium">结果</th>
+                </tr>
+              </thead>
+              <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
+                {logs.slice((logPage - 1) * pageSize, logPage * pageSize).map((log, index) => (
+                  <tr key={`${log.time}-${index}`}>
+                    <td className="whitespace-nowrap py-1.5 font-mono text-gray-500">{log.time}</td>
+                    <td className="py-1.5 text-gray-700">{log.username}</td>
+                    <td className="py-1.5 font-mono text-gray-500">{log.ip}</td>
+                    <td className="max-w-[180px] truncate py-1.5 text-gray-500" title={log.user_agent}>{formatUA(log.user_agent)}</td>
+                    <td className="py-1.5">
+                      <span className={`rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 text-xs ${log.success ? 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-700' : 'bg-red-50 text-red-600'}`}>
+                        {log.success ? '成功' : '失败'}
+                      </span>
+                    </td>
+                  </tr>
+                ))}
+              </tbody>
+            </table>
+          </div>
+          {logs.length > pageSize && (
+            <div className="mt-3 flex items-center justify-between border-t border-gray-100 pt-3">
+              <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">共 {logs.length} 条，第 {logPage}/{totalPages} 页</span>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+                <button onClick={() => setLogPage(1)} disabled={logPage === 1} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2 py-1 text-xs hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">首页</button>
+                <button onClick={() => setLogPage(p => Math.max(1, p - 1))} disabled={logPage === 1} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2 py-1 text-xs hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">上一页</button>
+                <button onClick={() => setLogPage(p => Math.min(totalPages, p + 1))} disabled={logPage >= totalPages} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2 py-1 text-xs hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">下一页</button>
+                <button onClick={() => setLogPage(totalPages)} disabled={logPage >= totalPages} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2 py-1 text-xs hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-30">末页</button>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
 function formatUA(ua: string): string {
-  // Extract browser/OS info from UA string
   const parts: string[] = []
   if (ua.includes('Windows NT')) parts.push('Windows')
   else if (ua.includes('Mac OS X')) parts.push('macOS')

frontend/src/services/api.ts

@@ -136,6 +136,16 @@ export interface IPv6Status {
   prefixes: IPv6PrefixInfo[]
 }
 
+export interface IPv4PrefixInfo {
+  interface: string
+  address: string
+  prefix: string
+  prefix_len: number
+  subnet_mask: string
+  gateway: string
+  source: string
+}
+
 export interface DashboardStats {
   total_containers: number
   running: number
@@ -161,6 +171,93 @@ export interface HostInfo {
   load: { load1: number; load5: number; load15: number }
 }
 
+export interface HostProbeReport {
+  generated_at: string
+  hostname: string
+  kernel: string
+  os: string
+  cpu: {
+    model: string
+    cores: number
+    threads: number
+    architecture: string
+    flags: string[]
+    has_integrated_gpu: boolean
+    virtualization: boolean
+    virtualization_key: string
+  }
+  memory: {
+    total_mb: number
+    used_mb: number
+    free_mb: number
+    modules: Array<{
+      locator: string
+      size: string
+      type: string
+      speed: string
+      manufacturer: string
+      part_number: string
+      serial_number: string
+    }>
+  }
+  disks: Array<{
+    name: string
+    path: string
+    model: string
+    serial: string
+    size_bytes: number
+    type: string
+    rotational: boolean
+    mountpoints: string[]
+    health: string
+    health_detail: string
+    smart?: {
+      available: boolean
+      life_used_percent?: number
+      power_on_hours?: number
+      power_cycle_count?: number
+      read_data_bytes?: number
+      written_data_bytes?: number
+      read_commands?: number
+      write_commands?: number
+      wear_leveling_count?: string
+      erase_count?: string
+      media_errors?: number
+    }
+  }>
+  network_interfaces: Array<{
+    name: string
+    mac: string
+    state: string
+    speed_mbps: number
+    driver: string
+    model: string
+    ipv4: Array<{ interface: string; address: string; prefix_len: number; scope: string; gateway?: string }>
+    ipv6: Array<{ interface: string; address: string; prefix_len: number; scope: string; gateway?: string }>
+  }>
+  public_ipv4: string[]
+  ipv4_addresses: Array<{ interface: string; address: string; prefix_len: number; scope: string; gateway?: string }>
+  ipv4_prefixes: IPv4PrefixInfo[]
+  ipv6_addresses: Array<{ interface: string; address: string; prefix_len: number; scope: string; gateway?: string }>
+  ipv6_prefixes: IPv6PrefixInfo[]
+  gateways: Array<{ family: string; interface: string; gateway: string }>
+  gpus: Array<{ name: string; vendor: string; driver: string; type: string }>
+  runtime: {
+    lxc_available: boolean
+    kvm_available: boolean
+    dev_kvm: boolean
+    nested_virtualization: boolean
+    nested_detail: string
+    support_mode: string
+  }
+  system: {
+    uptime_seconds: number
+    uptime_text: string
+    process_count: number
+  }
+  environment: Array<{ key: string; label: string; ok: boolean; required: boolean; detail: string }>
+}
+
 export interface ContainerUsage {
   memory_usage_bytes: number
   memory_total_bytes?: number
@@ -220,6 +317,47 @@ export interface AuditLog {
 export const getLoginLogs = () =>
   api.get<APIResponse<LoginLog[]>>('/login-logs')
 
+export interface SSLCertificateInfo {
+  subject: string
+  issuer: string
+  dns_names: string[]
+  ip_names: string[]
+  not_before: string
+  not_after: string
+  valid: boolean
+}
+
+export interface SSLSettings {
+  enabled: boolean
+  mode: 'disabled' | 'letsencrypt' | 'self_signed' | 'uploaded'
+  target: string
+  email?: string
+  cert_path?: string
+  key_path?: string
+  last_issued_at?: string
+  last_error?: string
+  detected_host?: string
+  certificate?: SSLCertificateInfo
+  mode_certificates?: Record<string, SSLSettings>
+  needs_restart?: boolean
+}
+
+export interface UpdateSSLSettingsRequest {
+  enabled: boolean
+  mode: 'disabled' | 'letsencrypt' | 'self_signed' | 'uploaded'
+  target?: string
+  email?: string
+  cert_pem?: string
+  key_pem?: string
+  apply_now?: boolean
+}
+
+export const getSSLSettings = () =>
+  api.get<APIResponse<SSLSettings>>('/ssl')
+
+export const updateSSLSettings = (data: UpdateSSLSettingsRequest) =>
+  api.put<APIResponse<SSLSettings>>('/ssl', data)
+
 // Containers
 export const getContainers = () =>
   api.get<APIResponse<Container[]>>('/containers')
@@ -393,6 +531,9 @@ export const getDashboard = () =>
 export const getHostInfo = () =>
   api.get<APIResponse<HostInfo>>('/host-info')
 
+export const getHostReport = () =>
+  api.get<APIResponse<HostProbeReport>>('/host-report')
+
 // Snapshots
 export interface Snapshot {
   id: string
@@ -456,10 +597,9 @@ export const getWebSSHUrl = (containerName: string) => {
   return `${protocol}//${window.location.host}/api/ssh?${params.toString()}`
 }
 
-export const getWebVNCUrl = (containerName: string, ticket?: string) => {
+export const getWebVNCUrl = (containerName: string) => {
   const protocol = window.location.protocol === 'https:' ? 'wss:' : 'ws:'
   const params = new URLSearchParams({ container: containerName })
-  if (ticket) params.set('ticket', ticket)
   return `${protocol}//${window.location.host}/api/vnc?${params.toString()}`
 }
 

install.sh

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ ACTION="${1:-install}"
 ACTION_CONFIRM="${2:-}"
 ISSUE_URL="https://github.com/${REPO}/issues"
 LOG_FILE="${CLICD_LOG_FILE:-/var/log/clicd-install.log}"
+INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER="${CLICD_INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER:-/tmp/clicd-install-dir.$$}"
+LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_MARKER="/var/lib/clicd/kvm/default-network.created"
 
 echo "====================================="
 echo "  CLICD 中文安装/卸载脚本"
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ run_step() {
     step_name="$1"
     shift
     log "开始：$step_name"
-    if "$@" >> "$LOG_FILE" 2>&1; then
+    if ( "$@" ) >> "$LOG_FILE" 2>&1; then
         log "完成：$step_name"
         return 0
     fi
@@ -136,6 +138,7 @@ usage() {
 示例：
   curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${REPO}/main/install.sh | sudo sh
   curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${REPO}/main/install.sh | sudo sh -s -- uninstall
+  curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${REPO}/main/install.sh | sudo sh -s -- uninstall --yes
 
 日志：${LOG_FILE}
 问题反馈：${ISSUE_URL}
@@ -218,6 +221,39 @@ remove_lxc_container_dir() {
     log "已删除 $container_dir"
 }
 
+remove_clicd_lxc_image_cache() {
+    log "正在删除 CLICD 使用的 LXC 镜像缓存..."
+
+    for container_dir in /var/lib/lxc/clicd-img-dl-*; do
+        [ -d "$container_dir" ] || continue
+        remove_lxc_container_dir "$container_dir"
+    done
+
+    for image in \
+        "ubuntu noble amd64" \
+        "ubuntu jammy amd64" \
+        "debian bookworm amd64" \
+        "debian bullseye amd64" \
+        "alpine 3.21 amd64" \
+        "centos 9-Stream amd64" \
+        "archlinux current amd64" \
+        "fedora 44 amd64" \
+        "rockylinux 10 amd64"
+    do
+        set -- $image
+        distro="$1"
+        release="$2"
+        arch="$3"
+        cache_dir="/var/cache/lxc/download/$distro/$release/$arch"
+        remove_path "$cache_dir"
+        rmdir "/var/cache/lxc/download/$distro/$release" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        rmdir "/var/cache/lxc/download/$distro" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    done
+
+    rmdir /var/cache/lxc/download >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    rmdir /var/cache/lxc >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+}
+
 remove_kvm_domain() {
     domain="$1"
     case "$domain" in
@@ -258,6 +294,48 @@ destroy_clicd_kvm_domains() {
     done
 }
 
+domain_is_clicd_kvm() {
+    domain="$1"
+    case "$domain" in
+        vm-[0-9]*)
+            return 0
+            ;;
+    esac
+    virsh dumpxml "$domain" 2>/dev/null | grep -q '/var/lib/clicd/kvm/'
+}
+
+libvirt_default_used_by_non_clicd_domain() {
+    if ! has_cmd virsh; then
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    for domain in $(virsh list --all --name 2>/dev/null); do
+        [ -n "$domain" ] || continue
+        if domain_is_clicd_kvm "$domain"; then
+            continue
+        fi
+        if virsh domiflist "$domain" 2>/dev/null | awk '$3 == "default" || $3 == "virbr0" {found = 1} END {exit found ? 0 : 1}'; then
+            return 0
+        fi
+    done
+    return 1
+}
+
+remove_clicd_libvirt_default_network() {
+    if ! has_cmd virsh || [ ! -f "$LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_MARKER" ]; then
+        return
+    fi
+    if libvirt_default_used_by_non_clicd_domain; then
+        warn "检测到非 CLICD 虚拟机仍在使用 libvirt default 网络，已保留 default/virbr0。"
+        return
+    fi
+
+    log "正在删除 CLICD 创建的 libvirt default NAT 网络..."
+    virsh net-destroy default >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    virsh net-undefine default >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    rm -f "$LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_MARKER"
+}
+
 delete_iptables_lines() {
     table="$1"
     chain="$2"
@@ -295,6 +373,143 @@ delete_filter_rule() {
     done
 }
 
+delete_ip6_filter_rule() {
+    if ! has_cmd ip6tables; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    while ip6tables -D "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1; do
+        :
+    done
+}
+
+delete_ip6tables_nat_source() {
+    source="$1"
+    if ! has_cmd ip6tables || [ -z "$source" ]; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    while :; do
+        rule="$(
+            ip6tables -t nat -S POSTROUTING 2>/dev/null |
+                grep -F -- "-s $source" |
+                grep -F -- " -j MASQUERADE" |
+                sed 's/^-A /-D /' |
+                head -n 1
+        )"
+        [ -n "$rule" ] || break
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2086
+        ip6tables -t nat $rule >/dev/null 2>&1 || break
+    done
+}
+
+read_clicd_network_records() {
+    db="/root/.clicd/config.db"
+    legacy="/root/.clicd/config.json"
+    query="SELECT COALESCE(virtualization,''), COALESCE(ipv6,''), COALESCE(ipv6_interface,''), COALESCE(mac_address,'') FROM containers WHERE COALESCE(ipv6,'') <> '' OR COALESCE(mac_address,'') <> '';"
+
+    if [ -f "$db" ] && has_cmd sqlite3; then
+        sqlite3 -separator '|' "$db" "$query" 2>/dev/null || true
+    elif [ -f "$db" ] && has_cmd python3; then
+        CLICD_DB="$db" python3 - <<'PY' 2>/dev/null || true
+import os
+import sqlite3
+
+db = os.environ.get("CLICD_DB")
+for row in sqlite3.connect(db).execute(
+    "SELECT COALESCE(virtualization,''), COALESCE(ipv6,''), COALESCE(ipv6_interface,''), COALESCE(mac_address,'') "
+    "FROM containers WHERE COALESCE(ipv6,'') <> '' OR COALESCE(mac_address,'') <> ''"
+):
+    print("|".join("" if value is None else str(value) for value in row))
+PY
+    fi
+
+    if [ -f "$legacy" ] && has_cmd python3; then
+        CLICD_LEGACY_CONFIG="$legacy" python3 - <<'PY' 2>/dev/null || true
+import json
+import os
+
+path = os.environ.get("CLICD_LEGACY_CONFIG")
+with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    data = json.load(f)
+for item in data.get("containers", []):
+    virt = item.get("virtualization", "")
+    ipv6 = item.get("ipv6", "")
+    uplink = item.get("ipv6_interface", "")
+    mac = item.get("mac_address", "")
+    if ipv6 or mac:
+        print("|".join(str(value or "") for value in (virt, ipv6, uplink, mac)))
+PY
+    fi
+}
+
+cleanup_clicd_ipv6_record() {
+    virt="$1"
+    ipv6="$2"
+    uplink="$3"
+    mac="$4"
+    bridge="lxcbr0"
+    if [ "$virt" = "kvm" ]; then
+        bridge="virbr0"
+    fi
+    mac="$(printf '%s' "$mac" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')"
+
+    if [ -n "$mac" ] && [ "$bridge" = "virbr0" ]; then
+        delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -i "$bridge" -m mac --mac-source "$mac" -j DROP
+    fi
+
+    [ -n "$ipv6" ] || return
+    addr="${ipv6%%/*}"
+    source="$ipv6"
+    case "$source" in
+        */*) ;;
+        *) source="$source/128" ;;
+    esac
+
+    delete_ip6tables_nat_source "$source"
+    delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -i "$bridge" -s "$source" -j ACCEPT
+    delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -o "$bridge" -d "$source" -j ACCEPT
+    if [ -n "$mac" ] && [ "$bridge" = "virbr0" ]; then
+        delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -i "$bridge" -m mac --mac-source "$mac" -s "$source" -j ACCEPT
+        delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -i "$bridge" -m mac --mac-source "$mac" -j DROP
+    fi
+
+    if has_cmd ip; then
+        ip -6 route del "$source" dev "$bridge" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        if [ -n "$uplink" ]; then
+            ip -6 neigh del proxy "$addr" dev "$uplink" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+cleanup_clicd_ipv6_from_config() {
+    read_clicd_network_records | while IFS='|' read -r virt ipv6 uplink mac; do
+        cleanup_clicd_ipv6_record "$virt" "$ipv6" "$uplink" "$mac"
+    done
+}
+
+cleanup_clicd_ipv6_bridge_routes() {
+    if ! has_cmd ip; then
+        return
+    fi
+
+    for bridge in lxcbr0 virbr0; do
+        ip -6 route show dev "$bridge" 2>/dev/null | awk '$1 ~ /\/128$/ {print $1}' | while IFS= read -r source; do
+            [ -n "$source" ] || continue
+            addr="${source%%/*}"
+            delete_ip6tables_nat_source "$source"
+            delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -i "$bridge" -s "$source" -j ACCEPT
+            delete_ip6_filter_rule FORWARD -o "$bridge" -d "$source" -j ACCEPT
+            ip -6 neigh show proxy 2>/dev/null | awk -v addr="$addr" '$1 == addr {for (i = 1; i < NF; i++) if ($i == "dev") print $(i + 1)}' | while IFS= read -r uplink; do
+                [ -n "$uplink" ] || continue
+                ip -6 neigh del proxy "$addr" dev "$uplink" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+            done
+            ip -6 route del "$source" dev "$bridge" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        done
+        ip -6 addr del fe80::1/64 dev "$bridge" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+    done
+}
+
 delete_ip6tables_bridge_rules() {
     if ! has_cmd ip6tables; then
         return
@@ -315,6 +530,8 @@ cleanup_clicd_networking() {
     delete_iptables_lines nat PREROUTING 'clicd-'
     delete_iptables_rule nat POSTROUTING -s 10.0.3.0/24 -o eth+ -j MASQUERADE
     delete_iptables_rule nat POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 -o eth+ -j MASQUERADE
+    cleanup_clicd_ipv6_from_config
+    cleanup_clicd_ipv6_bridge_routes
 
     for bridge in lxcbr0 virbr0; do
         delete_filter_rule FORWARD -i "$bridge" -j ACCEPT
@@ -354,8 +571,14 @@ remove_clicd_quota_records() {
 }
 
 remove_clicd_tmp_files() {
+    current_dir="$(pwd -P 2>/dev/null || pwd)"
     for path in /tmp/clicd-* /tmp/clicd.*; do
         [ -e "$path" ] || [ -L "$path" ] || continue
+        abs_path="$(cd "$(dirname "$path")" 2>/dev/null && pwd -P)/$(basename "$path")"
+        if [ "$abs_path" = "$current_dir" ]; then
+            log "跳过当前安装目录 $path，避免中断后续安装步骤。"
+            continue
+        fi
         rm -rf "$path"
         log "已删除 $path"
     done
@@ -376,10 +599,12 @@ confirm_uninstall() {
     fi
     echo ""
     echo "[clicd][警告] 卸载会停止并删除 CLICD 服务、配置数据库、CLICD 创建的 LXC/KVM 实例和缓存数据。" >&2
-    echo "[clicd][警告] 为避免误删生产数据，脚本只会删除名称形如 ct-数字 的 LXC 容器和 vm-数字 的 KVM 域。" >&2
+    echo "[clicd][警告] 为避免误删生产数据，脚本只会删除名称形如 ct-数字 的 LXC 容器、clicd-img-dl-* 下载临时容器和 vm-数字 的 KVM 域。" >&2
     echo "如需确认卸载，请输入：YES" >&2
-    if [ -t 0 ]; then
-        read answer
+    if [ -r /dev/tty ]; then
+        IFS= read -r answer < /dev/tty
+    elif [ -t 0 ]; then
+        IFS= read -r answer
     else
         answer=""
     fi
@@ -409,7 +634,9 @@ uninstall_clicd() {
         [ -d "$container_dir" ] || continue
         remove_lxc_container_dir "$container_dir"
     done
+    remove_clicd_lxc_image_cache
     destroy_clicd_kvm_domains
+    remove_clicd_libvirt_default_network
     cleanup_clicd_networking
     remove_clicd_host_hooks
     remove_clicd_quota_records
@@ -424,7 +651,7 @@ uninstall_clicd() {
     # /var/lib/lxc 可能包含非 CLICD 容器，生产环境不整体删除。
     unmount_path_tree /var/lib/clicd
     remove_path /var/lib/clicd
-    # /var/cache/lxc 是 LXC 全局镜像缓存，可能被其他工具复用，生产环境不整体删除。
+    # /var/cache/lxc 是 LXC 全局缓存，已按 CLICD 模板精确清理，生产环境不整体删除。
     remove_path /var/cache/clicd
     warn "保留 /root/clicd-backups，避免误删部署/回滚备份。确认不需要后可手动删除。"
     remove_clicd_tmp_files
@@ -444,7 +671,7 @@ uninstall_clicd() {
     echo "====================================="
     echo "  已删除服务、二进制、SQLite/配置数据、CLICD LXC/KVM 实例、"
     echo "  CLICD 镜像缓存、防火墙规则、主机钩子、配额记录和临时文件。"
-    echo "  已保留 /root/clicd-backups 和 LXC 全局缓存，避免误删生产备份/共享镜像。"
+    echo "  已保留 /root/clicd-backups 和非 CLICD 的 LXC 全局缓存，避免误删生产备份/共享镜像。"
     echo "  日志：$LOG_FILE"
     echo "  问题反馈：$ISSUE_URL"
     echo "====================================="
@@ -674,17 +901,43 @@ EOF
     sysctl --system >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
 }
 
+systemd_unit_exists() {
+    unit="$1"
+    systemctl list-unit-files "$unit" >/dev/null 2>&1 || [ -e "/etc/systemd/system/$unit" ] || [ -e "/usr/lib/systemd/system/$unit" ] || [ -e "/lib/systemd/system/$unit" ]
+}
+
+systemd_enable_now_if_exists() {
+    unit="$1"
+    if systemd_unit_exists "$unit"; then
+        systemctl enable --now "$unit" >/dev/null 2>&1 || warn "服务 $unit 启动失败，将继续安装并在运行时降级处理。"
+        return
+    fi
+    log "未检测到 systemd 单元 $unit，跳过。"
+}
+
+systemd_existing_units() {
+    for unit in "$@"; do
+        if systemd_unit_exists "$unit"; then
+            printf ' %s' "$unit"
+        fi
+    done
+}
+
 setup_runtime_services() {
     log "正在配置 LXC 和 KVM 服务..."
 
     if is_systemd; then
-        systemctl enable --now lxcfs >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        systemctl enable --now lxc-net >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        systemctl enable --now lxc >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        systemctl enable --now libvirtd >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        systemctl enable --now virtqemud >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        systemctl enable --now virtqemud.socket >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
-        systemctl enable --now virtlogd.socket >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        systemd_enable_now_if_exists lxcfs.service
+        systemd_enable_now_if_exists lxc-net.service
+        systemd_enable_now_if_exists lxc.service
+        if systemd_unit_exists libvirtd.service; then
+            systemd_enable_now_if_exists libvirtd.service
+            log "检测到 libvirt 传统 libvirtd 服务，已使用 libvirtd 模式。"
+        else
+            systemd_enable_now_if_exists virtqemud.service
+            systemd_enable_now_if_exists virtqemud.socket
+        fi
+        systemd_enable_now_if_exists virtlogd.socket
         return
     fi
 
@@ -734,6 +987,8 @@ setup_default_libvirt_network() {
 EOF
         virsh net-define "$net_xml"
         rm -f "$net_xml"
+        mkdir -p "$(dirname "$LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_MARKER")"
+        touch "$LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_MARKER"
     fi
     if ! libvirt_network_active; then
         virsh net-start default
@@ -752,17 +1007,36 @@ setup_subids() {
     grep -q '^root:' /etc/subgid 2>/dev/null || echo 'root:100000:65536' >> /etc/subgid
 }
 
+configure_lxc_storage_access() {
+    log "Configuring LXC storage directory permissions..."
+    mkdir -p /var/lib/lxc
+    chmod 755 /var/lib/lxc
+}
+
 try_enable_project_quota() {
     root_src="$(findmnt -no SOURCE / 2>/dev/null || true)"
     root_fs="$(findmnt -no FSTYPE / 2>/dev/null || true)"
 
-    if [ "$root_fs" != "ext4" ] || [ -z "$root_src" ] || [ ! -b "$root_src" ]; then
-        warn "根文件系统 ${root_fs:-unknown} 不适合自动启用 project quota，将使用兼容模式。"
+    case "$root_fs" in
+        ext4)
+            ;;
+        xfs|btrfs|zfs|overlay|unknown|"")
+            log "根文件系统 ${root_fs:-unknown} 不需要/不适合自动启用 ext4 project quota，CLICD 将使用兼容磁盘限制模式。"
+            return
+            ;;
+        *)
+            log "根文件系统 ${root_fs:-unknown} 不在自动 project quota 支持范围，CLICD 将使用兼容磁盘限制模式。"
+            return
+            ;;
+    esac
+
+    if [ -z "$root_src" ] || [ ! -b "$root_src" ]; then
+        log "根分区来源 ${root_src:-unknown} 不是块设备，跳过 project quota 自动检查，CLICD 将使用兼容磁盘限制模式。"
         return
     fi
 
     if ! has_cmd tune2fs; then
-        warn "未找到 tune2fs，跳过 project quota 检查，将使用兼容模式。"
+        log "未找到 tune2fs，跳过 project quota 检查，CLICD 将使用兼容磁盘限制模式。"
         return
     fi
 
@@ -771,7 +1045,60 @@ try_enable_project_quota() {
         return
     fi
 
-    warn "ext4 project quota 未启用，磁盘限制将回退到 loopback 镜像模式。"
+    log "ext4 project quota 未启用，CLICD 将自动回退到 loopback 镜像磁盘限制模式。"
+}
+
+download_file() {
+    url="$1"
+    dest="$2"
+    rm -f "$dest"
+
+    if has_cmd curl; then
+        curl -fL --retry 6 --retry-delay 2 --connect-timeout 20 --max-time 600 "$url" -o "$dest"
+        return
+    fi
+    if has_cmd wget; then
+        wget --tries=6 --timeout=30 --waitretry=2 -O "$dest" "$url"
+        return
+    fi
+    return 127
+}
+
+release_api_json() {
+    api_url="https://api.github.com/repos/${REPO}/releases/latest"
+
+    if has_cmd curl; then
+        curl -fsSL --retry 3 --retry-delay 2 --connect-timeout 20 --max-time 120 "$api_url" 2>/dev/null || true
+        return
+    fi
+    if has_cmd wget; then
+        wget -qO- --tries=3 --timeout=30 "$api_url" 2>/dev/null || true
+        return
+    fi
+}
+
+release_asset_url() {
+    asset_name="$1"
+
+    if [ "$CLICD_INSTALL_VERSION" != "latest" ]; then
+        printf '%s\n' "https://github.com/${REPO}/releases/download/${CLICD_INSTALL_VERSION}/${asset_name}"
+        return
+    fi
+
+    api_data="$(release_api_json)"
+    url="$(printf '%s\n' "$api_data" | sed -n 's/.*"browser_download_url": *"\([^"]*\/'"$asset_name"'\)".*/\1/p' | head -n 1)"
+    if [ -n "$url" ]; then
+        printf '%s\n' "$url"
+        return
+    fi
+
+    tag="$(printf '%s\n' "$api_data" | sed -n 's/.*"tag_name": *"\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p' | head -n 1)"
+    if [ -n "$tag" ]; then
+        printf '%s\n' "https://github.com/${REPO}/releases/download/${tag}/${asset_name}"
+        return
+    fi
+
+    printf '%s\n' "https://github.com/${REPO}/releases/latest/download/${asset_name}"
 }
 
 download_release_if_needed() {
@@ -789,19 +1116,66 @@ download_release_if_needed() {
     log "正在下载发行版包：${download_url}"
 
     tmp_dir="$(mktemp -d)"
-    trap 'rm -rf "$tmp_dir"' 0
+    rm -f "$INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER"
+    printf '%s\n' "$tmp_dir" > "$INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER" || die "Failed to write install temp marker."
 
-    if has_cmd curl; then
-        curl -fL "$download_url" -o "$tmp_dir/$ASSET"
-    elif has_cmd wget; then
-        wget -O "$tmp_dir/$ASSET" "$download_url"
-    else
+    if ! has_cmd curl && ! has_cmd wget; then
         die "下载发行版包需要 curl 或 wget。"
     fi
 
-    tar -xzf "$tmp_dir/$ASSET" -C "$tmp_dir"
-    cd "$tmp_dir/clicd-linux-amd64"
-    [ -f "./clicd" ] || die "下载的发行版包中未找到 clicd 二进制。"
+    archive_path="$tmp_dir/$ASSET"
+    archive_urls="$download_url"
+    resolved_archive_url="$(release_asset_url "$ASSET")"
+    if [ "$resolved_archive_url" != "$download_url" ]; then
+        archive_urls="$archive_urls $resolved_archive_url"
+    fi
+
+    archive_ok=0
+    for url in $archive_urls; do
+        [ -n "$url" ] || continue
+        log "Trying release archive: $url"
+        if download_file "$url" "$archive_path" && [ -s "$archive_path" ]; then
+            archive_ok=1
+            break
+        fi
+        warn "Release archive download failed, trying next source: $url"
+    done
+
+    if [ "$archive_ok" = "1" ]; then
+        tar -xzf "$archive_path" -C "$tmp_dir" || die "Failed to extract release package: $archive_path"
+    else
+        binary_asset="clicd-linux-amd64"
+        if [ "$CLICD_INSTALL_VERSION" = "latest" ]; then
+            binary_url="https://github.com/${REPO}/releases/latest/download/${binary_asset}"
+        else
+            binary_url="https://github.com/${REPO}/releases/download/${CLICD_INSTALL_VERSION}/${binary_asset}"
+        fi
+        binary_urls="$binary_url"
+        resolved_binary_url="$(release_asset_url "$binary_asset")"
+        if [ "$resolved_binary_url" != "$binary_url" ]; then
+            binary_urls="$binary_urls $resolved_binary_url"
+        fi
+
+        binary_path="$tmp_dir/$binary_asset"
+        binary_ok=0
+        for url in $binary_urls; do
+            [ -n "$url" ] || continue
+            log "Trying release binary: $url"
+            if download_file "$url" "$binary_path" && [ -s "$binary_path" ]; then
+                mkdir -p "$tmp_dir/clicd-linux-amd64"
+                cp "$binary_path" "$tmp_dir/clicd-linux-amd64/clicd"
+                chmod +x "$tmp_dir/clicd-linux-amd64/clicd"
+                binary_ok=1
+                break
+            fi
+            warn "Release binary download failed, trying next source: $url"
+        done
+
+        [ "$binary_ok" = "1" ] || die "Release package download failed: $download_url"
+    fi
+
+    [ -d "$tmp_dir/clicd-linux-amd64" ] || die "Release package layout is invalid: missing clicd-linux-amd64 directory"
+    [ -f "$tmp_dir/clicd-linux-amd64/clicd" ] || die "下载的发行版包中未找到 clicd 二进制。"
 }
 
 install_binary() {
@@ -812,28 +1186,51 @@ install_binary() {
         rc-service clicd stop >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
     fi
 
+    bin_src="./clicd"
+    download_dir=""
+    if [ ! -f "$bin_src" ] && [ -f "$INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER" ]; then
+        download_dir="$(sed -n '1p' "$INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER" 2>/dev/null || true)"
+        if [ -n "$download_dir" ] && [ -f "$download_dir/clicd-linux-amd64/clicd" ]; then
+            bin_src="$download_dir/clicd-linux-amd64/clicd"
+        fi
+    fi
+    [ -f "$bin_src" ] || die "未找到 clicd 二进制，安装无法继续。"
+
     tmp_bin="/usr/local/bin/clicd.new.$$"
-    cp ./clicd "$tmp_bin"
+    cp "$bin_src" "$tmp_bin"
     chmod +x "$tmp_bin"
     mv -f "$tmp_bin" /usr/local/bin/clicd
     chmod +x /usr/local/bin/clicd
     log "已安装二进制：/usr/local/bin/clicd"
+
+    if [ -n "$download_dir" ]; then
+        case "$download_dir" in
+            /tmp/*)
+                rm -rf "$download_dir"
+                ;;
+        esac
+        rm -f "$INSTALL_DOWNLOAD_MARKER"
+    fi
 }
 
 install_systemd_service() {
-    cat > /etc/systemd/system/clicd.service << 'EOF'
+    libvirt_after="$(systemd_existing_units libvirtd.service virtqemud.service virtqemud.socket virtlogd.socket)"
+    libvirt_wants="$(systemd_existing_units libvirtd.service virtqemud.socket virtlogd.socket)"
+    lxc_after="$(systemd_existing_units lxc.service lxcfs.service lxc-net.service)"
+
+    cat > /etc/systemd/system/clicd.service << EOF
 [Unit]
 Description=CLICD - LXC/KVM Container Manager
-After=network-online.target lxc.service lxcfs.service libvirtd.service virtqemud.service virtqemud.socket virtlogd.socket
-Wants=network-online.target libvirtd.service virtqemud.socket virtlogd.socket
+After=network-online.target${lxc_after}${libvirt_after}
+Wants=network-online.target${libvirt_wants}
+StartLimitIntervalSec=60
+StartLimitBurst=10
 
 [Service]
 Type=simple
 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/clicd server
 Restart=always
 RestartSec=5
-StartLimitIntervalSec=60
-StartLimitBurst=10
 LimitNOFILE=1048576
 Environment=PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
 
@@ -918,6 +1315,7 @@ run_step "配置内核网络参数" configure_kernel_networking
 run_step "配置运行时服务" setup_runtime_services
 run_step "配置 libvirt default NAT 网络" setup_default_libvirt_network
 run_step "配置 UID/GID 映射" setup_subids
+run_step "Configure LXC storage permissions" configure_lxc_storage_access
 run_step "检查 project quota" try_enable_project_quota
 run_step "下载发行版包" download_release_if_needed
 run_step "安装 CLICD 二进制" install_binary