release: v1.0.10

backend/internal/api/auth.go

@@ -67,6 +67,27 @@ func claimsFromToken(tokenString string) (jwt.MapClaims, bool) {
 		return nil, false
 	}
 	claims, ok := token.Claims.(jwt.MapClaims)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+
+	// For sub-user tokens, check token_version against stored version (password rotation invalidation)
+	if subUser, _ := claims["sub_user"].(string); subUser != "" {
+		tokenVersionFloat, hasVersion := claims["token_version"].(float64)
+		tokenVersion := int(tokenVersionFloat)
+		for i := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
+			if config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i].Username == subUser {
+				stored := config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i].TokenVersion
+				// If stored version > 0, require token_version to match exactly.
+				// This also rejects legacy tokens that lack token_version entirely.
+				if stored > 0 && (!hasVersion || tokenVersion != stored) {
+					return nil, false
+				}
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	return claims, ok
 }
 

backend/internal/api/handlers.go

@@ -31,16 +31,35 @@ func HandleSingleContainer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	path := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/containers/")
 	parts := strings.SplitN(path, "/", 2)
 	c := containerByIdentifier(parts[0])
-	if c == nil {
-		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Container not found"})
-		return
+	id := 0
+	if c != nil {
+		id = c.ID
 	}
-	id := c.ID
 	action := ""
 	if len(parts) > 1 {
 		action = parts[1]
 	}
 
+	// Snapshot delete/restore operations: allow even if the container was deleted
+	isSnapshotDelete := strings.HasPrefix(action, "snapshots/") && r.Method == http.MethodDelete
+	isSnapshotRestore := strings.HasPrefix(action, "snapshots/") && strings.HasSuffix(action, "/restore") && r.Method == http.MethodPost
+	isSnapshotAction := isSnapshotDelete || isSnapshotRestore
+	if !isSnapshotAction && c == nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Container not found"})
+		return
+	}
+	if isSnapshotAction && id == 0 {
+		// For orphaned snapshots, resolve containerID from the snapshot itself
+		snapshotID := strings.TrimPrefix(action, "snapshots/")
+		snapshotID = strings.TrimSuffix(snapshotID, "/restore")
+		snapshot := config.FindSnapshot(snapshotID)
+		if snapshot == nil {
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Snapshot not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		id = snapshot.ContainerID
+	}
+
 	switch {
 	case action == "start" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
 		HandleSingleTaskAction(w, r, id, "start")

backend/internal/api/subuser.go

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func HandleSubUserCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 	containerName := c.Name
 
-	// Check if sub-user already exists for this container
+	// Check if sub-user already exists and return the same management password.
 	for i := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
 		su := &config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i]
 		for _, uuid := range su.ContainerUUIDs {
@@ -74,18 +74,27 @@ func HandleSubUserCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				if su.AccessCode == "" {
 					su.AccessCode = generateRandomStr(8)
 				}
-				password := generateRandomStr(16)
-				if hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(password), bcrypt.DefaultCost); err == nil {
+				password := su.Password
+				message := "Sub-user link returned"
+				if password == "" {
+					password = generateRandomStr(16)
+					hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(password), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
+					if err != nil {
+						jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Failed to generate password"})
+						return
+					}
 					su.PassHash = string(hash)
+					su.Password = password
+					su.Token = ""
+					su.TokenVersion++
+					message = "Sub-user password generated"
 				}
-				su.Password = ""
-				su.Token = ""
 				su.ContainerNames = appendUniqueString(su.ContainerNames, containerName)
 				su.ContainerUUIDs = appendUniqueString(su.ContainerUUIDs, c.UUID)
 				config.SaveConfig()
 				jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{
 					Success: true,
-					Message: "Sub-user password rotated",
+					Message: message,
 					Data:    newSubUserResponse(*su, password),
 				})
 				return
@@ -104,6 +113,7 @@ func HandleSubUserCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	subUser := config.SubUser{
 		ID:             "sub-" + generateRandomStr(8),
 		Username:       username,
+		Password:       password,
 		PassHash:       string(hash),
 		ContainerNames: []string{containerName},
 		ContainerUUIDs: []string{c.UUID},
@@ -134,17 +144,24 @@ func HandleSubUserLogin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	clientIP := r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-For")
+	if clientIP == "" {
+		clientIP = r.RemoteAddr
+	}
+	clientUA := r.Header.Get("User-Agent")
+
 	// Find sub-user
 	for _, su := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
 		if su.Username == req.Username {
 			if err := bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(su.PassHash), []byte(req.Password)); err == nil {
-				// Generate fresh token
 				containerUUIDs := activeSubUserContainerUUIDs(&su)
 				if len(containerUUIDs) == 0 {
+					config.AddLoginLog(su.Username, clientIP, clientUA, false)
 					jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "No active container is assigned to this user"})
 					return
 				}
-				tokenStr := newSubUserToken(su.Username, containerUUIDs, time.Now().Add(24*time.Hour))
+				tokenStr := newSubUserToken(su.Username, containerUUIDs, time.Now().Add(24*time.Hour), su.TokenVersion)
+				config.AddLoginLog(su.Username, clientIP, clientUA, true)
 
 				jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{
 					Success: true,
@@ -155,6 +172,8 @@ func HandleSubUserLogin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 					},
 				})
 				return
+			} else {
+				config.AddLoginLog(su.Username, clientIP, clientUA, false)
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -179,19 +198,28 @@ func HandleSubUserAccessCode(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 
 	// Find sub-user by access code
+	clientIP := r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-For")
+	if clientIP == "" {
+		clientIP = r.RemoteAddr
+	}
+	clientUA := r.Header.Get("User-Agent")
+
 	for _, su := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
 		if su.AccessCode == req.Code {
 			if err := bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(su.PassHash), []byte(req.Password)); err != nil {
+				config.AddLoginLog(su.Username, clientIP, clientUA, false)
 				jsonResponse(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid password"})
 				return
 			}
 
 			containerUUIDs := activeSubUserContainerUUIDs(&su)
 			if len(containerUUIDs) == 0 {
+				config.AddLoginLog(su.Username, clientIP, clientUA, false)
 				jsonResponse(w, http.StatusForbidden, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "No active container is assigned to this link"})
 				return
 			}
-			tokenStr := newSubUserToken(su.Username, containerUUIDs, time.Now().Add(24*time.Hour))
+			tokenStr := newSubUserToken(su.Username, containerUUIDs, time.Now().Add(24*time.Hour), su.TokenVersion)
+			config.AddLoginLog(su.Username, clientIP, clientUA, true)
 
 			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{
 				Success: true,
@@ -208,10 +236,11 @@ func HandleSubUserAccessCode(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Invalid access code"})
 }
 
-func newSubUserToken(username string, containerUUIDs []string, expiresAt time.Time) string {
+func newSubUserToken(username string, containerUUIDs []string, expiresAt time.Time, tokenVersion int) string {
 	token := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodHS256, jwt.MapClaims{
 		"sub_user":        username,
 		"container_uuids": containerUUIDs,
+		"token_version":   tokenVersion,
 		"exp":             expiresAt.Unix(),
 		"iat":             time.Now().Unix(),
 	})
@@ -461,3 +490,156 @@ func splitBy(s, sep string) []string {
 	result = append(result, current)
 	return result
 }
+
+// SubUserListItem is the enriched sub-user info returned by the list API
+type SubUserListItem struct {
+	ID             string   `json:"id"`
+	Username       string   `json:"username"`
+	ContainerNames []string `json:"container_names"`
+	ContainerUUIDs []string `json:"container_uuids"`
+	ContainerName  string   `json:"container_name"`
+	ContainerUUID  string   `json:"container_uuid"`
+	AccessCode     string   `json:"access_code"`
+	Password       string   `json:"password,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt      string   `json:"created_at"`
+	LastLogin      string   `json:"last_login"`
+	LastLoginIP    string   `json:"last_login_ip"`
+	LastLoginUA    string   `json:"last_login_ua"`
+}
+
+// HandleSubUserList returns the list of all sub-users with container info
+func HandleSubUserList(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Method not allowed"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	result := make([]SubUserListItem, 0, len(config.AppConfig.SubUsers))
+	for _, su := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
+		item := SubUserListItem{
+			ID:             su.ID,
+			Username:       su.Username,
+			ContainerNames: su.ContainerNames,
+			ContainerUUIDs: su.ContainerUUIDs,
+			AccessCode:     su.AccessCode,
+			Password:       su.Password,
+			CreatedAt:      su.CreatedAt,
+		}
+
+		// Resolve container name from first active UUID
+		for _, uuid := range su.ContainerUUIDs {
+			if c := config.FindContainerByUUID(uuid); c != nil {
+				item.ContainerName = c.Name
+				item.ContainerUUID = c.UUID
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if item.ContainerName == "" && len(su.ContainerNames) > 0 {
+			item.ContainerName = su.ContainerNames[0]
+		}
+
+		// Find last login time
+		for i := len(config.AppConfig.LoginLogs) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			log := config.AppConfig.LoginLogs[i]
+			if log.Username == su.Username {
+				item.LastLogin = log.Time
+				item.LastLoginIP = log.IP
+				item.LastLoginUA = log.UserAgent
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Skip orphaned sub-users with no active containers
+		if item.ContainerName == "" && item.ContainerUUID == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		result = append(result, item)
+	}
+
+	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: result})
+}
+
+// HandleSubUserAction handles actions on a specific sub-user
+func HandleSubUserAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	path := strings.TrimPrefix(r.URL.Path, "/api/sub-users/")
+	parts := strings.SplitN(path, "/", 2)
+	subUserID := parts[0]
+	action := ""
+	if len(parts) > 1 {
+		action = parts[1]
+	}
+
+	// Find sub-user
+	var target *config.SubUser
+	for i := range config.AppConfig.SubUsers {
+		if config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i].ID == subUserID {
+			target = &config.AppConfig.SubUsers[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if target == nil {
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Sub-user not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case action == "rotate-password" && r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+		password := generateRandomStr(16)
+		if hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(password), bcrypt.DefaultCost); err == nil {
+			target.PassHash = string(hash)
+			target.Password = password
+			target.Token = ""
+			target.TokenVersion++ // invalidate all existing tokens
+			config.SaveConfig()
+			jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: map[string]string{
+				"password":    password,
+				"access_code": target.AccessCode,
+				"username":    target.Username,
+			}})
+			return
+		}
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusInternalServerError, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Failed to generate password"})
+
+	case action == "audit-logs" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		// Filter audit logs for this sub-user
+		logs := filterSubUserAuditLogs(target.Username)
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: logs})
+
+	case action == "login-logs" && r.Method == http.MethodGet:
+		// Filter login logs for this sub-user
+		logs := filterSubUserLoginLogs(target.Username)
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusOK, APIResponse{Success: true, Data: logs})
+
+	default:
+		jsonResponse(w, http.StatusNotFound, APIResponse{Success: false, Message: "Action not found"})
+	}
+}
+
+func filterSubUserAuditLogs(username string) []config.AuditLog {
+	result := make([]config.AuditLog, 0)
+	for i := len(config.AppConfig.AuditLogs) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		log := config.AppConfig.AuditLogs[i]
+		if log.User == username || strings.HasPrefix(log.User, "user:") && strings.Contains(log.User, username) {
+			result = append(result, log)
+		}
+	}
+	if result == nil {
+		result = []config.AuditLog{}
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+func filterSubUserLoginLogs(username string) []config.SavedLoginLog {
+	result := make([]config.SavedLoginLog, 0)
+	for i := len(config.AppConfig.LoginLogs) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		log := config.AppConfig.LoginLogs[i]
+		if log.Username == username {
+			result = append(result, log)
+		}
+	}
+	if result == nil {
+		result = []config.SavedLoginLog{}
+	}
+	return result
+}

backend/internal/api/taskqueue.go

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ type Task struct {
 	Config        lxc.ContainerConfig `json:"config,omitempty"`
 	Name          string              `json:"name,omitempty"`
 	User          string              `json:"user,omitempty"` // who created this task
+	IP            string              `json:"ip,omitempty"`
+	UserAgent     string              `json:"user_agent,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type TaskQueue struct {
@@ -100,6 +102,10 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatch(taskType TaskType, ids []int, templateID string
 }
 
 func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatchWithUser(taskType TaskType, ids []int, templateID string, user string) []string {
+	return q.EnqueueBatchWithAudit(taskType, ids, templateID, user, "", "")
+}
+
+func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatchWithAudit(taskType TaskType, ids []int, templateID string, user string, ip string, userAgent string) []string {
 	q.mu.Lock()
 	defer q.mu.Unlock()
 	var result []string
@@ -109,7 +115,7 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) EnqueueBatchWithUser(taskType TaskType, ids []int, templateI
 		if c != nil {
 			name = c.Name
 		}
-		result = append(result, q.enqueueSingleWithUser(id, name, taskType, templateID, user))
+		result = append(result, q.enqueueSingleWithAudit(id, name, taskType, templateID, user, ip, userAgent))
 	}
 	q.persistTasks()
 	return result
@@ -168,6 +174,10 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueSingle(containerID int, containerName string, taskTyp
 }
 
 func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueSingleWithUser(containerID int, containerName string, taskType TaskType, templateID string, user string) string {
+	return q.enqueueSingleWithAudit(containerID, containerName, taskType, templateID, user, "", "")
+}
+
+func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueSingleWithAudit(containerID int, containerName string, taskType TaskType, templateID string, user string, ip string, userAgent string) string {
 	id := q.nextID
 	q.nextID++
 	task := &Task{
@@ -179,6 +189,8 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) enqueueSingleWithUser(containerID int, containerName string,
 		CreatedAt:     time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
 		TemplateID:    templateID,
 		User:          user,
+		IP:            ip,
+		UserAgent:     userAgent,
 	}
 	q.enqueueTask(task)
 	return task.ID
@@ -318,10 +330,10 @@ func (q *TaskQueue) opWorker() {
 		if err != nil {
 			task.Status = "failed"
 			task.Error = err.Error()
-			config.AddAuditLog(string(task.Type), task.ContainerName, "失败: "+err.Error(), auditUser)
+			config.AddAuditLogFull(string(task.Type), task.ContainerName, "失败: "+err.Error(), auditUser, task.IP, task.UserAgent, false, err.Error())
 		} else {
 			task.Status = "done"
-			config.AddAuditLog(string(task.Type), task.ContainerName, "成功", auditUser)
+			config.AddAuditLogFull(string(task.Type), task.ContainerName, "成功", auditUser, task.IP, task.UserAgent, true, "")
 			switch task.Type {
 			case TaskStart:
 				config.UpdateContainerStatus(task.ContainerID, "running")
@@ -418,6 +430,8 @@ func HandleSingleTaskAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, id int, acti
 			user = "user:" + subUser
 		}
 	}
+	ip := clientIP(r)
+	userAgent := r.Header.Get("User-Agent")
 
 	var taskType TaskType
 	var templateID string
@@ -452,7 +466,7 @@ func HandleSingleTaskAction(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, id int, acti
 		return
 	}
 
-	ids := globalQueue.EnqueueBatchWithUser(taskType, []int{id}, templateID, user)
+	ids := globalQueue.EnqueueBatchWithAudit(taskType, []int{id}, templateID, user, ip, userAgent)
 	jsonResponse(w, http.StatusAccepted, APIResponse{
 		Success: true,
 		Message: "Task queued",

backend/internal/config/config.go

@@ -47,11 +47,15 @@ type SavedLoginLog struct {
 
 // AuditLog represents an operation log entry
 type AuditLog struct {
-	Time   string `json:"time"`
-	Action string `json:"action"`
-	Target string `json:"target"`
-	Detail string `json:"detail"`
-	User   string `json:"user"`
+	Time      string `json:"time"`
+	Action    string `json:"action"`
+	Target    string `json:"target"`
+	Detail    string `json:"detail"`
+	User      string `json:"user"`
+	IP        string `json:"ip,omitempty"`
+	UserAgent string `json:"user_agent,omitempty"`
+	Success   *bool  `json:"success,omitempty"`
+	Error     string `json:"error,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // OversellConfig controls host-level overselling behavior
@@ -139,13 +143,14 @@ func DeleteApiKey(id string) {
 type SubUser struct {
 	ID             string   `json:"id"`
 	Username       string   `json:"username"`
-	Password       string   `json:"-"`
+	Password       string   `json:"password,omitempty"`
 	PassHash       string   `json:"pass_hash"`
 	ContainerNames []string `json:"container_names"`
 	ContainerUUIDs []string `json:"container_uuids,omitempty"`
 	Token          string   `json:"-"`
 	AccessCode     string   `json:"access_code"`
 	CreatedAt      string   `json:"created_at"`
+	TokenVersion   int      `json:"token_version"`
 }
 
 type Snapshot struct {
@@ -437,10 +442,6 @@ func migrateSubUsers() bool {
 				changed = true
 			}
 		}
-		if su.Password != "" {
-			su.Password = ""
-			changed = true
-		}
 		if su.Token != "" {
 			su.Token = ""
 			changed = true
@@ -536,6 +537,8 @@ func RemoveContainer(id int) bool {
 		if c.ID == id {
 			removeSubUserContainerAccess(c.Name, c.UUID)
 			removeContainerSnapshotMetadata(id)
+			// Clear snapshot schedule for this container
+			clearContainerSnapshotSchedule(&AppConfig.Containers[i])
 			AppConfig.Containers = append(AppConfig.Containers[:i], AppConfig.Containers[i+1:]...)
 			SaveConfig()
 			return true
@@ -544,6 +547,15 @@ func RemoveContainer(id int) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+func clearContainerSnapshotSchedule(c *Container) {
+	c.SnapshotScheduleEnabled = false
+	c.SnapshotScheduleIntervalHours = 0
+	c.SnapshotScheduleTime = ""
+	c.SnapshotScheduleLastRun = ""
+	c.SnapshotScheduleNextRun = ""
+	c.SnapshotScheduleCreatedBy = ""
+}
+
 func AddSnapshot(snapshot Snapshot) {
 	AppConfig.Snapshots = append(AppConfig.Snapshots, snapshot)
 	SaveConfig()
@@ -723,6 +735,26 @@ func AddAuditLog(action, target, detail, user string) {
 	SaveConfig()
 }
 
+func AddAuditLogFull(action, target, detail, user, ip, userAgent string, success bool, errMsg string) {
+	s := success
+	log := AuditLog{
+		Time:      time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"),
+		Action:    action,
+		Target:    target,
+		Detail:    detail,
+		User:      user,
+		IP:        ip,
+		UserAgent: userAgent,
+		Success:   &s,
+		Error:     errMsg,
+	}
+	AppConfig.AuditLogs = append(AppConfig.AuditLogs, log)
+	if len(AppConfig.AuditLogs) > 500 {
+		AppConfig.AuditLogs = AppConfig.AuditLogs[len(AppConfig.AuditLogs)-500:]
+	}
+	SaveConfig()
+}
+
 // SaveTasks persists the task queue to config
 func SaveTasks(tasks []SavedTask) {
 	AppConfig.Tasks = tasks

backend/internal/lxc/lxc.go

@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ func (m *Manager) WarmRunningContainersSSH() {
 			continue
 		}
 		config.UpdateContainerStatus(c.ID, "running")
+		if c.IP != "" && m.containerPortListening(c.LxcName(), 22) {
+			continue
+		}
 		m.WarmSSHAsync(c.ID, "running container scan")
 	}
 }
@@ -383,6 +386,7 @@ func (m *Manager) CreateContainer(cfg ContainerConfig) error {
 
 	if err := m.shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName); err != nil {
 		_ = m.cleanupContainerStorage(lxcName)
+		config.RemoveContainer(id)
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -459,13 +463,13 @@ IPv6AcceptRA=no
 // preconfigureSSH installs and configures SSH directly in the rootfs before first boot.
 func (m *Manager) preconfigureSSH(rootfsPath, password, templateID string) error {
 	_ = templateID
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 120*time.Second)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 180*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 	cmd := m.rootfsCommand(rootfsPath, "sh", "-c", sshSetupScript(password, false))
 	cmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, cmd.Path, cmd.Args[1:]...)
 	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	if ctx.Err() == context.DeadlineExceeded {
-		return fmt.Errorf("timed out after 120s, output: %s", string(output))
+		return fmt.Errorf("timed out after 180s, output: %s", string(output))
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("%v, output: %s", err, string(output))
@@ -985,6 +989,16 @@ func (m *Manager) shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName string) error {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(marker); err == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
+	m.unmountRootfsChildMounts(rootfsPath)
+	rootInfo, err := os.Lstat(rootfsPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	rootStat, ok := rootInfo.Sys().(*syscall.Stat_t)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read rootfs device for %s", rootfsPath)
+	}
+	rootDev := rootStat.Dev
 
 	if err := filepath.WalkDir(rootfsPath, func(path string, _ os.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
 		if walkErr != nil {
@@ -998,6 +1012,12 @@ func (m *Manager) shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName string) error {
 		if !ok {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to read uid/gid for %s", path)
 		}
+		if path != rootfsPath && stat.Dev != rootDev {
+			if info.IsDir() {
+				return filepath.SkipDir
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
 		uid := int(stat.Uid)
 		gid := int(stat.Gid)
 		if uid >= uidBase && uid < uidBase+65536 && gid >= gidBase && gid < gidBase+65536 {
@@ -1032,6 +1052,34 @@ func (m *Manager) shiftRootfsForUnprivileged(lxcName string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) unmountRootfsChildMounts(rootfsPath string) {
+	rootAbs, err := filepath.Abs(rootfsPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	out, err := exec.Command("findmnt", "-R", "-n", "-o", "TARGET", rootfsPath).Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	targets := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "\n")
+	for i, j := 0, len(targets)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 {
+		targets[i], targets[j] = targets[j], targets[i]
+	}
+	for _, target := range targets {
+		target = strings.TrimSpace(target)
+		if target == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		targetAbs, err := filepath.Abs(target)
+		if err != nil || targetAbs == rootAbs {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(targetAbs, rootAbs+string(os.PathSeparator)) {
+			exec.Command("umount", "-R", "-l", targetAbs).Run()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) rootfsShifted(lxcName string) bool {
 	marker := filepath.Join(m.LxcPath, lxcName, "rootfs", ".clicd-unprivileged-shifted")
 	_, err := os.Stat(marker)
@@ -1479,11 +1527,20 @@ func (m *Manager) DestroyContainer(id int) error {
 		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("container still exists after cleanup with status %s", status)
 	}
-	snapshotDir := filepath.Join(snapshotBaseDir(), lxcName)
+	// Remove snapshot physical files (by container ID, not lxcName)
+	snapshotDir := filepath.Join(snapshotBaseDir(), strconv.Itoa(id))
 	if err := safePathUnder(snapshotDir, snapshotBaseDir()); err == nil {
 		os.RemoveAll(snapshotDir)
 	}
 
+	// Also remove any legacy snapshot dir that used lxcName
+	legacySnapshotDir := filepath.Join(snapshotBaseDir(), lxcName)
+	if legacySnapshotDir != snapshotDir {
+		if err := safePathUnder(legacySnapshotDir, snapshotBaseDir()); err == nil {
+			os.RemoveAll(legacySnapshotDir)
+		}
+	}
+
 	if !config.RemoveContainer(id) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("container destroyed but config entry was not removed: %d", id)
 	}
@@ -1518,12 +1575,12 @@ func (m *Manager) EnsureSSH(id int) error {
 
 	script := sshSetupScript(c.SSHPassword, true)
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 90*time.Second)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 180*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "lxc-attach", "-n", lxcName, "--", "sh", "-c", script)
 	output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 	if ctx.Err() == context.DeadlineExceeded {
-		return fmt.Errorf("timed out configuring SSH in container %d after 90s; package manager or service startup may be stuck, output: %s", id, string(output))
+		return fmt.Errorf("timed out configuring SSH in container %d after 180s; package manager or service startup may be stuck, output: %s", id, string(output))
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to configure SSH in container %d: %v, output: %s", id, err, string(output))
@@ -1631,7 +1688,10 @@ install_sshd() {
 			sleep 3
 		done
 	elif command -v apk >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-		run_timeout 60 apk add --no-cache openssh-server openssh-client shadow iproute2 procps net-tools && return 0
+		for i in 1 2 3; do
+			run_timeout 120 apk add --no-cache openssh-server openssh-client shadow iproute2 procps net-tools && return 0
+			sleep 3
+		done
 	elif command -v pacman >/dev/null 2>&1; then
 		run_timeout 45 pacman -Syu --noconfirm >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
 		run_timeout 90 pacman -S --noconfirm openssh shadow iproute2 procps-ng net-tools && return 0

backend/internal/lxc/snapshot.go

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ func (m *Manager) CreateSnapshot(id int, createdBy string, scheduled bool, rotat
 
 	now := time.Now()
 	snapshotID := fmt.Sprintf("snap-%d-%s", id, now.Format("20060102150405-000000000"))
-	snapshotDir := filepath.Join(snapshotBaseDir(), lxcName, snapshotID)
+	// Use container ID instead of lxcName to avoid collision when containers are recreated
+	snapshotDir := filepath.Join(snapshotBaseDir(), strconv.Itoa(id), snapshotID)
 	if err := safePathUnder(snapshotDir, snapshotBaseDir()); err != nil {
 		return config.Snapshot{}, err
 	}

backend/internal/server/server.go

@@ -98,6 +98,8 @@ func setupRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/sub-user/create", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserCreate)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/sub-user/login", corsMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserLogin))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/sub-user/access", corsMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserAccessCode))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/sub-users", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserList)))
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/sub-users/", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSubUserAction)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/audit-logs", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleAuditLogs)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/security/alerts", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSecurityAlerts)))
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/security/check", corsMiddleware(api.AdminMiddleware(api.HandleSecurityCheck)))

backend/internal/version/version.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package version
 
 var (
-	Version = "1.0.8"
+	Version = "1.0.10"
 	Repo    = "MengMengCode/CLICD"
 )
 
@@ -14,3 +14,5 @@ func Current() string {
 
 
 
+
+

frontend/src/App.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import Settings from './pages/Settings'
 import ImageManagement from './pages/ImageManagement'
 import Snapshots from './pages/Snapshots'
 import Routing from './pages/Routing'
+import SubUserManagement from './pages/SubUserManagement'
 import Layout from './components/Layout'
 
 function ProtectedRoute({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ function App() {
         <Route path="routing" element={<Routing />} />
         <Route path="audit-logs" element={<AuditLogs />} />
         <Route path="api-integration" element={<ApiIntegration />} />
+        <Route path="sub-users" element={<SubUserManagement />} />
         <Route path="settings" element={<Settings />} />
       </Route>
       <Route path="*" element={<Navigate to="/" replace />} />

frontend/src/components/CreateContainerModal.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ interface CreateContainerModalProps {
   isOpen: boolean
   onClose: () => void
   onSuccess: (containers: CreateContainerRequest[]) => void | Promise<void>
+  existingNames?: string[]
 }
 
 const defaultForm: CreateContainerRequest = {
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ const defaultForm: CreateContainerRequest = {
   expires_at: '',
 }
 
-export default function CreateContainerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess }: CreateContainerModalProps) {
+export default function CreateContainerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess, existingNames = [] }: CreateContainerModalProps) {
   const dialog = useDialog()
   const [templates, setTemplates] = useState<Template[]>([])
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false)
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ export default function CreateContainerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess }: Cre
   const [form, setForm] = useState<CreateContainerRequest>(defaultForm)
   const [hostInfo, setHostInfo] = useState<HostInfo | null>(null)
   const [ipv6Status, setIPv6Status] = useState<IPv6Status | null>(null)
+  const [nameError, setNameError] = useState('')
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!isOpen) return
@@ -83,6 +85,34 @@ export default function CreateContainerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess }: Cre
   // SSH port preview (will be allocated sequentially, starting around 22000+)
   const sshPortPreview = 22000
 
+  // Find next available batch index to avoid name conflicts
+  const batchStartIndex = useMemo(() => {
+    if (batchCount <= 1 || !form.name) return 1
+    const prefix = `${form.name}-`
+    let maxIdx = 0
+    for (const existing of existingNames) {
+      if (existing.startsWith(prefix)) {
+        const suffix = existing.slice(prefix.length)
+        const idx = parseInt(suffix, 10)
+        if (!isNaN(idx) && idx > maxIdx) {
+          maxIdx = idx
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return maxIdx + 1
+  }, [form.name, batchCount, existingNames])
+
+  const handleNameChange = (value: string) => {
+    setForm({ ...form, name: value })
+    if (/\s/.test(value)) {
+      setNameError('容器名称不能包含空格')
+    } else if (value && existingNames.includes(value) && batchCount === 1) {
+      setNameError('该容器名称已存在')
+    } else {
+      setNameError('')
+    }
+  }
+
   const handleSubmit = async () => {
     if (!form.name || !form.template_id) {
       dialog.alert('提示', '请填写容器名称并选择系统模板')
@@ -93,8 +123,9 @@ export default function CreateContainerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess }: Cre
 
     // Build batch of containers
     const containers: CreateContainerRequest[] = []
+    const startIndex = batchStartIndex
     for (let i = 0; i < batchCount; i++) {
-      const name = batchCount > 1 ? `${boundedForm.name}-${i + 1}` : boundedForm.name
+      const name = batchCount > 1 ? `${boundedForm.name}-${startIndex + i}` : boundedForm.name
       containers.push({
         ...boundedForm,
         name,
@@ -137,17 +168,18 @@ export default function CreateContainerModal({ isOpen, onClose, onSuccess }: Cre
               <input
                 type="text"
                 value={form.name}
-                onChange={(event) => setForm({ ...form, name: event.target.value })}
-                className={inputClass}
+                onChange={(event) => handleNameChange(event.target.value)}
+                className={`${inputClass} ${nameError ? 'border-red-400 focus:ring-red-400 focus:border-red-400' : ''}`}
                 placeholder="my-container"
                 required
               />
+              {nameError && <p className="text-xs text-red-500 mt-1">{nameError}</p>}
             </Field>
             <Field label="批量创建数量">
               <NumberInput value={batchCount} min={1} max={50} onChange={(value) => setBatchCount(Math.max(1, value || 1))} />
             </Field>
           </div>
-          {batchCount > 1 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">将创建 {batchCount} 个容器：{form.name}-1 至 {form.name}-{batchCount}</p>}
+          {batchCount > 1 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">将创建 {batchCount} 个容器：{form.name}-{batchStartIndex} 至 {form.name}-{batchStartIndex + batchCount - 1}</p>}
 
           <Field label="系统模板">
             {templates.length === 0 ? (

frontend/src/components/Sidebar.tsx

@@ -193,6 +193,18 @@ export default function Sidebar({ collapsed, onToggle }: SidebarProps) {
               {!collapsed && <span>操作日志</span>}
             </button>
 
+            <button
+              onClick={() => navigate('/sub-users')}
+              className={`w-full flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2.5 rounded-md text-sm transition-colors ${
+                location.pathname.startsWith('/sub-users')
+                  ? 'bg-black text-white dark:bg-white dark:text-black'
+                  : 'text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800'
+              }`}
+            >
+              <UserCog className="w-4 h-4" />
+              {!collapsed && <span>子用户管理</span>}
+            </button>
+
             <button
               onClick={() => navigate('/api-integration')}
               className={`w-full flex items-center gap-3 px-3 py-2.5 rounded-md text-sm transition-colors ${

frontend/src/pages/ApiIntegration.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react'
 import { Key, Plus, Trash2, Copy, RefreshCw, Code, X } from 'lucide-react'
 import api, { APIResponse } from '../services/api'
+import { copyToClipboard } from '../utils/clipboard'
 
 interface ApiKeyItem {
   id: string
@@ -62,21 +63,12 @@ export default function ApiIntegration() {
     } catch { /* ignore */ }
   }
 
-  const copyKey = () => {
-    try {
-      navigator.clipboard.writeText(newKey)
-    } catch {
-      const ta = document.createElement('textarea')
-      ta.value = newKey
-      ta.style.position = 'fixed'
-      ta.style.left = '-9999px'
-      document.body.appendChild(ta)
-      ta.select()
-      document.execCommand('copy')
-      document.body.removeChild(ta)
+  const copyKey = async () => {
+    const copied = await copyToClipboard(newKey)
+    if (copied) {
+      setCopiedKey(true)
+      setTimeout(() => setCopiedKey(false), 2000)
     }
-    setCopiedKey(true)
-    setTimeout(() => setCopiedKey(false), 2000)
   }
 
   return (

frontend/src/pages/ContainerDetail.tsx

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ import { useDialog } from '../components/Dialog'
 import { useAuth } from '../contexts/AuthContext'
 import WebSSHViewer from '../components/WebSSHViewer'
 import { RingStat } from '../components/RingStats'
+import { copyToClipboard } from '../utils/clipboard'
 import ResourceStatsPanel, {
   ChartPoint,
   ResourceChartConfig,
@@ -619,19 +620,7 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
   }
 
   const copyText = async (text: string) => {
-    try {
-      await copyText(text)
-    } catch {
-      // Fallback for HTTP (non-secure context)
-      const ta = document.createElement('textarea')
-      ta.value = text
-      ta.style.position = 'fixed'
-      ta.style.left = '-9999px'
-      document.body.appendChild(ta)
-      ta.select()
-      document.execCommand('copy')
-      document.body.removeChild(ta)
-    }
+    await copyToClipboard(text)
   }
 
   if (loading) {
@@ -676,7 +665,6 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
   const managementUrl = subUser?.access_code
     ? `${window.location.origin}/login?code=${encodeURIComponent(subUser.access_code)}`
     : ''
-  const managementPassword = subUser?.password || ''
   const charts: ResourceChartConfig[] = [
     {
       title: 'CPU 使用率',
@@ -1263,55 +1251,21 @@ export default function ContainerDetail() {
         </Modal>
       )}
 
-      {showSubUser && subUser && false && (
-        <Modal title="管理链接" onClose={() => setShowSubUser(false)}>
-          <div className="space-y-4">
-            <div className="bg-amber-50 border border-amber-200 rounded-lg p-3 text-xs text-amber-800">
-              安全提示：请通过私密渠道（如加密通讯工具）分享以下信息，不要在不安全的网络环境下明文传输。
-            </div>
-            <div className="bg-gray-50 rounded-lg p-4 text-sm space-y-3">
-              <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
-                <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500">管理地址</span>
-                <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
-                  <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black break-all">{managementUrl}</span>
-                  <button onClick={() => copyText(managementUrl)} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-              <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
-                <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500">用户名</span>
-                <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
-                  <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black">{subUser?.username}</span>
-                  <button onClick={() => copyText(subUser?.username || '')} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-              <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
-                <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500">密码</span>
-                <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
-                  <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black">{managementPassword}</span>
-                  <button onClick={() => copyText(managementPassword)} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
-                </div>
-              </div>
-            </div>
-            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">打开管理地址，输入用户名和密码即可管理该容器。链接不含 token，无法被截获后直接使用。</p>
-          </div>
-        </Modal>
-      )}
-
       {showSubUser && subUser && (
         <Modal title="管理链接" onClose={() => setShowSubUser(false)}>
-          <div className="bg-gray-50 rounded-lg p-4 text-sm space-y-3">
+          <div className="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-lg p-4 text-sm space-y-3">
             <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
-              <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500">地址</span>
+              <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">地址</span>
               <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
-                <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black break-all">{managementUrl}</span>
-                <button onClick={() => copyText(managementUrl)} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
+                <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black dark:text-white break-all">{managementUrl}</span>
+                <button onClick={() => copyText(managementUrl)} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black dark:hover:text-white rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
               </div>
             </div>
             <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
-              <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500">密码</span>
+              <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">密码</span>
               <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
-                <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black">{managementPassword}</span>
-                <button onClick={() => copyText(managementPassword)} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
+                <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black dark:text-white">{subUser.password || ''}</span>
+                <button onClick={() => copyText(subUser.password || '')} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black dark:hover:text-white rounded"><Copy className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
               </div>
             </div>
           </div>

frontend/src/pages/Containers.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState, type ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState, type ReactNode } from 'react'
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
 import {
   ArrowDown,
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
   Plus,
   RefreshCw,
   RotateCcw,
+  Search,
   Server,
   Square,
   Trash2,
@@ -46,6 +47,11 @@ export default function Containers() {
   const [showTasks, setShowTasks] = useState(false)
   const [tasks, setTasks] = useState<Task[]>([])
   const [queuedCreates, setQueuedCreates] = useState<Record<string, CreateContainerRequest>>({})
+  const [searchText, setSearchText] = useState('')
+  const [systemFilter, setSystemFilter] = useState('all')
+  const [statusFilter, setStatusFilter] = useState('all')
+  const [page, setPage] = useState(1)
+  const [pageSize, setPageSize] = useState(10)
 
   const refreshUsage = useCallback(async (items: Container[]) => {
     const targets = items.filter((container) => container.status === 'running')
@@ -102,18 +108,6 @@ export default function Containers() {
     })
   }
 
-  const toggleAll = () => {
-    const selectableIDs = displayContainers
-      .filter((container) => !container.isPlaceholder && !taskStatusMap[container.id] && !taskNameMap[container.name])
-      .map((container) => container.id)
-
-    if (selected.size === selectableIDs.length) {
-      setSelected(new Set())
-    } else {
-      setSelected(new Set(selectableIDs))
-    }
-  }
-
   // Map of container_id -> current task status.
   // For create tasks, container_id may be 0 initially but gets set after creation,
   // so we also index by container_name as fallback for placeholder items.
@@ -170,6 +164,44 @@ export default function Containers() {
 
   const displayContainers = buildDisplayContainers(containers, queuedCreates, tasks)
   const activeTaskCount = tasks.filter((task) => task.status === 'pending' || task.status === 'running').length
+  const systemOptions = useMemo(() => buildSystemOptions(displayContainers), [displayContainers])
+  const filteredContainers = useMemo(() => {
+    return filterContainers(displayContainers, {
+      search: searchText,
+      system: systemFilter,
+      status: statusFilter,
+      taskStatusMap,
+      taskNameMap,
+    })
+  }, [displayContainers, searchText, systemFilter, statusFilter, tasks])
+  const totalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(filteredContainers.length / pageSize))
+  const currentPage = Math.min(page, totalPages)
+  const pageStart = (currentPage - 1) * pageSize
+  const pageContainers = filteredContainers.slice(pageStart, pageStart + pageSize)
+  const selectableIDs = filteredContainers
+    .filter((container) => !container.isPlaceholder && !taskStatusMap[container.id] && !taskNameMap[container.name])
+    .map((container) => container.id)
+  const allFilteredSelected = selectableIDs.length > 0 && selectableIDs.every((id) => selected.has(id))
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setPage(1)
+  }, [searchText, systemFilter, statusFilter, pageSize])
+
+  const toggleAll = () => {
+    if (allFilteredSelected) {
+      setSelected((prev) => {
+        const next = new Set(prev)
+        selectableIDs.forEach((id) => next.delete(id))
+        return next
+      })
+    } else {
+      setSelected((prev) => {
+        const next = new Set(prev)
+        selectableIDs.forEach((id) => next.add(id))
+        return next
+      })
+    }
+  }
 
   const handleCreateQueued = async (items: CreateContainerRequest[]) => {
     setQueuedCreates((current) => {
@@ -193,12 +225,16 @@ export default function Containers() {
 
   return (
     <div className="space-y-6">
-      <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-        <div>
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-3">
+        <div className="min-w-[180px]">
           <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-black">容器管理</h1>
-          <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-1">共 {displayContainers.length} 个容器{selected.size > 0 && `，已选 ${selected.size} 个`}</p>
+          <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-1">
+            共 {displayContainers.length} 个容器
+            {filteredContainers.length !== displayContainers.length && `，筛选后 ${filteredContainers.length} 个`}
+            {selected.size > 0 && `，已选 ${selected.size} 个`}
+          </p>
         </div>
-        <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-end gap-2">
           {selected.size > 0 && (
             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 bg-gray-50 border border-gray-200 rounded-md px-3 py-1.5">
               <span className="text-xs text-gray-500 mr-1">{selected.size} 个</span>
@@ -216,6 +252,53 @@ export default function Containers() {
               </button>
             </div>
           )}
+          {displayContainers.length > 0 && (
+            <>
+              <div className="relative w-[260px]">
+                <Search className="pointer-events-none absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 h-3.5 w-3.5 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400" />
+                <input
+                  value={searchText}
+                  onChange={(event) => setSearchText(event.target.value)}
+                  className="h-8 w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white pl-8 pr-2 text-xs text-black outline-none focus:border-black focus:ring-2 focus:ring-black"
+                  placeholder="搜索名称、ID、UUID、IP"
+                />
+              </div>
+              <select
+                value={systemFilter}
+                onChange={(event) => setSystemFilter(event.target.value)}
+                className="h-8 rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-2 text-xs text-gray-700 outline-none focus:border-black focus:ring-2 focus:ring-black"
+                title="系统筛选"
+              >
+                <option value="all">全部系统</option>
+                {systemOptions.map((option) => (
+                  <option key={option.value} value={option.value}>{option.label}</option>
+                ))}
+              </select>
+              <select
+                value={statusFilter}
+                onChange={(event) => setStatusFilter(event.target.value)}
+                className="h-8 rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-2 text-xs text-gray-700 outline-none focus:border-black focus:ring-2 focus:ring-black"
+                title="状态筛选"
+              >
+                <option value="all">全部状态</option>
+                <option value="running">在线</option>
+                <option value="stopped">离线</option>
+                <option value="task">任务中</option>
+                <option value="creating">创建中</option>
+                <option value="failed">失败</option>
+              </select>
+              <select
+                value={pageSize}
+                onChange={(event) => setPageSize(Number(event.target.value))}
+                className="h-8 rounded-md border border-gray-300 bg-white px-2 text-xs text-gray-700 outline-none focus:border-black focus:ring-2 focus:ring-black"
+                title="每页数量"
+              >
+                <option value={10}>10 / 页</option>
+                <option value={20}>20 / 页</option>
+                <option value={50}>50 / 页</option>
+              </select>
+            </>
+          )}
           <button
             onClick={handleRefreshList}
             disabled={refreshing}
@@ -267,7 +350,8 @@ export default function Containers() {
                     {!isSubUser && (
                       <input
                         type="checkbox"
-                        checked={displayContainers.length > 0 && selected.size === displayContainers.filter((container) => !container.isPlaceholder && !taskStatusMap[container.id] && !taskNameMap[container.name]).length}
+                        checked={allFilteredSelected}
+                        disabled={selectableIDs.length === 0}
                         onChange={toggleAll}
                         className="w-4 h-4 rounded border-gray-300 text-black focus:ring-black accent-black"
                       />
@@ -287,7 +371,7 @@ export default function Containers() {
                 </tr>
               </thead>
               <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100">
-                {displayContainers.map((container) => {
+                {pageContainers.map((container) => {
                   const isRunning = container.status === 'running'
                   const task = (container.id > 0 ? taskStatusMap[container.id] : taskNameMap[container.name]) || container.createTask
                   const isPlaceholder = !!container.isPlaceholder
@@ -398,10 +482,54 @@ export default function Containers() {
               </tbody>
             </table>
           </div>
+          {filteredContainers.length === 0 ? (
+            <div className="border-t border-gray-100 px-4 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">
+              没有匹配的容器
+            </div>
+          ) : (
+            <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3 border-t border-gray-100 px-4 py-3">
+              <div className="text-xs text-gray-500">
+                显示 {pageStart + 1}-{Math.min(pageStart + pageSize, filteredContainers.length)} / {filteredContainers.length}
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => setPage(1)}
+                  disabled={currentPage === 1}
+                  className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40"
+                >
+                  首页
+                </button>
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => setPage((value) => Math.max(1, value - 1))}
+                  disabled={currentPage === 1}
+                  className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40"
+                >
+                  上一页
+                </button>
+                <span className="px-2 text-xs text-gray-500">
+                  {currentPage} / {totalPages}
+                </span>
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => setPage((value) => Math.min(totalPages, value + 1))}
+                  disabled={currentPage === totalPages}
+                  className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40"
+                >
+                  下一页
+                </button>
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => setPage(totalPages)}
+                  disabled={currentPage === totalPages}
+                  className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40"
+                >
+                  末页
+                </button>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
         </div>
       )}
 
-      <CreateContainerModal isOpen={showCreate} onClose={() => setShowCreate(false)} onSuccess={handleCreateQueued} />
+      <CreateContainerModal isOpen={showCreate} onClose={() => setShowCreate(false)} onSuccess={handleCreateQueued} existingNames={containers.map(c => c.name)} />
       {showTasks && (
         <TaskQueueModal
           tasks={tasks}
@@ -585,6 +713,84 @@ function hasActiveTasks(tasks: Task[]) {
   return tasks.some((task) => task.status === 'pending' || task.status === 'running')
 }
 
+type ContainerFilters = {
+  search: string
+  system: string
+  status: string
+  taskStatusMap: Record<number, Task>
+  taskNameMap: Record<string, Task>
+}
+
+function filterContainers(containers: DisplayContainer[], filters: ContainerFilters): DisplayContainer[] {
+  const keyword = filters.search.trim().toLowerCase()
+  return containers.filter((container) => {
+    const task = (container.id > 0 ? filters.taskStatusMap[container.id] : filters.taskNameMap[container.name]) || container.createTask
+    if (filters.system !== 'all' && getSystemFilterValue(container.template) !== filters.system) {
+      return false
+    }
+    if (filters.status !== 'all' && getContainerStatusFilterValue(container, task) !== filters.status) {
+      return false
+    }
+    if (!keyword) return true
+
+    const fields = [
+      String(container.id),
+      container.name,
+      container.uuid,
+      container.ip,
+      container.ipv6,
+      container.template,
+      getTemplateName(container.template),
+      getSystemFilterLabel(getSystemFilterValue(container.template)),
+      String(container.ssh_port || ''),
+    ]
+    return fields.some((field) => field.toLowerCase().includes(keyword))
+  })
+}
+
+function buildSystemOptions(containers: DisplayContainer[]) {
+  const systems = new Map<string, string>()
+  for (const container of containers) {
+    const value = getSystemFilterValue(container.template)
+    systems.set(value, getSystemFilterLabel(value))
+  }
+  return Array.from(systems.entries())
+    .map(([value, label]) => ({ value, label }))
+    .sort((a, b) => a.label.localeCompare(b.label))
+}
+
+function getSystemFilterValue(template: string) {
+  if (template.startsWith('ubuntu')) return 'ubuntu'
+  if (template.startsWith('debian')) return 'debian'
+  if (template.startsWith('alpine')) return 'alpine'
+  if (template.startsWith('centos')) return 'centos'
+  if (template.startsWith('archlinux')) return 'archlinux'
+  if (template.startsWith('fedora')) return 'fedora'
+  if (template.startsWith('rockylinux')) return 'rockylinux'
+  return template || 'unknown'
+}
+
+function getSystemFilterLabel(system: string) {
+  const labels: Record<string, string> = {
+    ubuntu: 'Ubuntu',
+    debian: 'Debian',
+    alpine: 'Alpine',
+    centos: 'CentOS',
+    archlinux: 'Arch Linux',
+    fedora: 'Fedora',
+    rockylinux: 'Rocky Linux',
+    unknown: '未知系统',
+  }
+  return labels[system] || system
+}
+
+function getContainerStatusFilterValue(container: DisplayContainer, task?: Task) {
+  if (task?.status === 'failed') return 'failed'
+  if (container.isPlaceholder || task?.type === 'create') return 'creating'
+  if (task && task.status !== 'done' && task.status !== 'failed') return 'task'
+  return container.status === 'running' ? 'running' : 'stopped'
+}
+
 function taskLineLabel(task: Task, actionLabels: Record<string, string>) {
   if (task.status === 'failed') return task.type === 'create' ? '初始化失败' : '处理失败'
   if (task.type === 'create' && task.status === 'done') return '初始化完成'

frontend/src/pages/Routing.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
-import { Network, RefreshCw, Route, Server } from 'lucide-react'
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react'
+import { Network, RefreshCw, Route, Search, Server, X } from 'lucide-react'
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
-import { getRoutingInfo, RoutingInfo } from '../services/api'
+import { getRoutingInfo, RoutingInfo, NAT4Route, IPv6Route } from '../services/api'
 
 export default function Routing() {
   const navigate = useNavigate()
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ export default function Routing() {
   const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false)
   const [nat4Page, setNat4Page] = useState(1)
   const [ipv6Page, setIPv6Page] = useState(1)
+  const [nat4Search, setNat4Search] = useState('')
+  const [ipv6Search, setIPv6Search] = useState('')
 
   const fetchData = useCallback(async () => {
     try {
@@ -25,6 +27,39 @@ export default function Routing() {
 
   useEffect(() => { fetchData() }, [fetchData])
 
+  const nat4Mappings = routing?.nat4_mappings || []
+  const ipv6Assignments = routing?.ipv6_assignments || []
+  const ipv6Prefix = routing?.ipv6_prefixes?.[0]?.prefix || '-'
+
+  // Filter helpers
+  const matchesNat4Search = (m: NAT4Route, query: string) => {
+    if (!query) return true
+    const q = query.toLowerCase()
+    return (
+      String(m.host_port).includes(q) ||
+      String(m.container_port).includes(q) ||
+      m.container_name.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+      m.lxc_name.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+      (m.ip || '').toLowerCase().includes(q)
+    )
+  }
+  const matchesIPv6Search = (item: IPv6Route, query: string) => {
+    if (!query) return true
+    const q = query.toLowerCase()
+    return (
+      (item.address || '').toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+      item.container_name.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+      item.lxc_name.toLowerCase().includes(q)
+    )
+  }
+
+  const filteredNat4 = useMemo(() => nat4Mappings.filter(m => matchesNat4Search(m, nat4Search)), [nat4Mappings, nat4Search])
+  const filteredIPv6 = useMemo(() => ipv6Assignments.filter(m => matchesIPv6Search(m, ipv6Search)), [ipv6Assignments, ipv6Search])
+
+  // Reset page on search change
+  useEffect(() => { setNat4Page(1) }, [nat4Search])
+  useEffect(() => { setIPv6Page(1) }, [ipv6Search])
+
   if (loading) {
     return (
       <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-20">
@@ -33,16 +68,13 @@ export default function Routing() {
     )
   }
 
-  const nat4Mappings = routing?.nat4_mappings || []
-  const ipv6Assignments = routing?.ipv6_assignments || []
-  const ipv6Prefix = routing?.ipv6_prefixes?.[0]?.prefix || '-'
   const pageSize = 10
-  const nat4TotalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(nat4Mappings.length / pageSize))
-  const ipv6TotalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(ipv6Assignments.length / pageSize))
+  const nat4TotalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(filteredNat4.length / pageSize))
+  const ipv6TotalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(filteredIPv6.length / pageSize))
   const currentNat4Page = Math.min(nat4Page, nat4TotalPages)
   const currentIPv6Page = Math.min(ipv6Page, ipv6TotalPages)
-  const pagedNat4Mappings = nat4Mappings.slice((currentNat4Page - 1) * pageSize, currentNat4Page * pageSize)
-  const pagedIPv6Assignments = ipv6Assignments.slice((currentIPv6Page - 1) * pageSize, currentIPv6Page * pageSize)
+  const pagedNat4Mappings = filteredNat4.slice((currentNat4Page - 1) * pageSize, currentNat4Page * pageSize)
+  const pagedIPv6Assignments = filteredIPv6.slice((currentIPv6Page - 1) * pageSize, currentIPv6Page * pageSize)
 
   return (
     <div className="space-y-5">
@@ -80,10 +112,29 @@ export default function Routing() {
         />
       </div>
 
-      <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white">
-        <div className="border-b border-gray-200 px-4 py-3">
-          <div className="text-sm font-medium text-black">NAT4 端口分配</div>
-          <div className="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500">共 {nat4Mappings.length} 条映射</div>
+      <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-900">
+        <div className="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-4 py-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
+          <div>
+            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-black dark:text-white">NAT4 端口分配</div>
+            <div className="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
+              {nat4Search ? `搜索 "${nat4Search}" 结果 ${filteredNat4.length} 条，` : ''}共 {nat4Mappings.length} 条映射
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div className="relative w-48">
+            <Search className="absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400" />
+            <input
+              type="text"
+              value={nat4Search}
+              onChange={e => setNat4Search(e.target.value)}
+              placeholder="搜索端口/容器..."
+              className="w-full pl-8 pr-7 py-1.5 text-xs border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 text-black dark:text-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-black dark:focus:ring-white"
+            />
+            {nat4Search && (
+              <button onClick={() => setNat4Search('')} className="absolute right-2 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300">
+                <X className="w-3 h-3" />
+              </button>
+            )}
+          </div>
         </div>
         {nat4Mappings.length === 0 ? (
           <EmptyState icon={<Route className="h-7 w-7 text-gray-400" />} text="暂无 NAT4 端口映射" />
@@ -130,7 +181,7 @@ export default function Routing() {
           <Pagination
             page={currentNat4Page}
             totalPages={nat4TotalPages}
-            totalItems={nat4Mappings.length}
+            totalItems={filteredNat4.length}
             pageSize={pageSize}
             onPageChange={setNat4Page}
           />
@@ -138,10 +189,29 @@ export default function Routing() {
         )}
       </div>
 
-      <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white">
-        <div className="border-b border-gray-200 px-4 py-3">
-          <div className="text-sm font-medium text-black">IPv6 地址分配</div>
-          <div className="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500">共 {ipv6Assignments.length} 个地址</div>
+      <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-900">
+        <div className="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-4 py-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
+          <div>
+            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-black dark:text-white">IPv6 地址分配</div>
+            <div className="mt-1 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
+              {ipv6Search ? `搜索 "${ipv6Search}" 结果 ${filteredIPv6.length} 条，` : ''}共 {ipv6Assignments.length} 个地址
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <div className="relative w-48">
+            <Search className="absolute left-2.5 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400" />
+            <input
+              type="text"
+              value={ipv6Search}
+              onChange={e => setIPv6Search(e.target.value)}
+              placeholder="搜索地址/容器..."
+              className="w-full pl-8 pr-7 py-1.5 text-xs border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-gray-800 text-black dark:text-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-black dark:focus:ring-white"
+            />
+            {ipv6Search && (
+              <button onClick={() => setIPv6Search('')} className="absolute right-2 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600 dark:hover:text-gray-300">
+                <X className="w-3 h-3" />
+              </button>
+            )}
+          </div>
         </div>
         {ipv6Assignments.length === 0 ? (
           <EmptyState icon={<Network className="h-7 w-7 text-gray-400" />} text="暂无 IPv6 地址分配" />
@@ -184,7 +254,7 @@ export default function Routing() {
           <Pagination
             page={currentIPv6Page}
             totalPages={ipv6TotalPages}
-            totalItems={ipv6Assignments.length}
+            totalItems={filteredIPv6.length}
             pageSize={pageSize}
             onPageChange={setIPv6Page}
           />

frontend/src/pages/Snapshots.tsx

@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
-import { Camera, RefreshCw, Server } from 'lucide-react'
+import { Camera, RefreshCw, Server, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react'
 import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
-import { getSnapshots, Snapshot } from '../services/api'
+import { deleteContainerSnapshot, getSnapshots, Snapshot } from '../services/api'
+import { useDialog } from '../components/Dialog'
 
 export default function Snapshots() {
   const navigate = useNavigate()
+  const dialog = useDialog()
   const [snapshots, setSnapshots] = useState<Snapshot[]>([])
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true)
   const [refreshing, setRefreshing] = useState(false)
+  const [deleting, setDeleting] = useState<string | null>(null)
 
   const fetchData = useCallback(async () => {
     try {
@@ -23,6 +26,25 @@ export default function Snapshots() {
 
   useEffect(() => { fetchData() }, [fetchData])
 
+  const handleDelete = async (snapshot: Snapshot) => {
+    const confirmed = await dialog.confirm(
+      '删除快照',
+      `确认删除容器 ${snapshot.container_name} 的快照吗？此操作不可恢复。`
+    )
+    if (!confirmed) return
+
+    setDeleting(snapshot.id)
+    try {
+      await deleteContainerSnapshot(snapshot.container_id, snapshot.id)
+      setSnapshots(prev => prev.filter(s => s.id !== snapshot.id))
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      const error = err as { response?: { data?: { message?: string } } }
+      dialog.alert('删除失败', error.response?.data?.message || '请稍后重试')
+    } finally {
+      setDeleting(null)
+    }
+  }
+
   if (loading) {
     return (
       <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-20">
@@ -66,6 +88,7 @@ export default function Snapshots() {
                 <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium">类型</th>
                 <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium">创建者</th>
                 <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right font-medium">大小</th>
+                <th className="px-4 py-3 text-center font-medium">操作</th>
               </tr>
             </thead>
             <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100">
@@ -89,6 +112,16 @@ export default function Snapshots() {
                   </td>
                   <td className="px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">{snapshot.created_by || '-'}</td>
                   <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right font-mono text-xs text-gray-600">{formatBytes(snapshot.size_bytes || 0)}</td>
+                  <td className="px-4 py-3 text-center">
+                    <button
+                      onClick={() => handleDelete(snapshot)}
+                      disabled={deleting === snapshot.id}
+                      className="inline-flex items-center justify-center p-1.5 rounded text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50 transition-colors disabled:opacity-50"
+                      title="删除快照"
+                    >
+                      <Trash2 className="h-4 w-4" />
+                    </button>
+                  </td>
                 </tr>
               ))}
             </tbody>

frontend/src/pages/SubUserManagement.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { Copy, KeyRound, LogIn, RefreshCw, ScrollText, UserCog, X } from 'lucide-react'
+import { useDialog } from '../components/Dialog'
+import api, { AuditLog, LoginLog } from '../services/api'
+import { copyToClipboard } from '../utils/clipboard'
+
+interface SubUserItem {
+  id: string
+  username: string
+  container_names: string[]
+  container_uuids: string[]
+  container_name: string
+  container_uuid: string
+  access_code: string
+  password?: string
+  created_at: string
+  last_login: string
+  last_login_ip: string
+  last_login_ua: string
+}
+
+interface AuditLogExt extends AuditLog {
+  ip?: string
+  user_agent?: string
+  success?: boolean
+  error?: string
+}
+
+export default function SubUserManagement() {
+  const dialog = useDialog()
+  const [users, setUsers] = useState<SubUserItem[]>([])
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true)
+  const [auditLogs, setAuditLogs] = useState<AuditLogExt[] | null>(null)
+  const [loginLogs, setLoginLogs] = useState<LoginLog[] | null>(null)
+  const [modalTitle, setModalTitle] = useState('')
+  const [passwordUser, setPasswordUser] = useState<SubUserItem | null>(null)
+  const [rotatingPassword, setRotatingPassword] = useState(false)
+  const [logPage, setLogPage] = useState(1)
+  const [logPageSize, setLogPageSize] = useState(10)
+
+  const fetchUsers = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      const res = await api.get<{ success: boolean; data: SubUserItem[] }>('/sub-users')
+      setUsers(res.data.data || [])
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(err)
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false)
+    }
+  }, [])
+
+  useEffect(() => { fetchUsers() }, [fetchUsers])
+
+  const managementUrl = (user: SubUserItem) => `${window.location.origin}/login?code=${user.access_code}`
+
+  const copyText = async (text: string) => {
+    await copyToClipboard(text)
+  }
+
+  const rotatePassword = async (user: SubUserItem) => {
+    setRotatingPassword(true)
+    try {
+      const res = await api.post(`/sub-users/${user.id}/rotate-password`)
+      const data = res.data.data
+      const updatedUser = {
+        ...user,
+        username: data?.username || user.username,
+        access_code: data?.access_code || user.access_code,
+        password: data?.password || '',
+      }
+      setUsers((prev) => prev.map((item) => (item.id === user.id ? updatedUser : item)))
+      setPasswordUser(updatedUser)
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      const error = err as { response?: { data?: { message?: string } } }
+      dialog.alert('轮换失败', error.response?.data?.message || '请稍后重试')
+    } finally {
+      setRotatingPassword(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  const showAuditLogs = async (user: SubUserItem) => {
+    try {
+      const res = await api.get(`/sub-users/${user.id}/audit-logs`)
+      setAuditLogs(res.data.data || [])
+      setLoginLogs(null)
+      setModalTitle(`${user.username} - 操作日志`)
+      setLogPage(1)
+    } catch {
+      dialog.alert('错误', '获取操作日志失败')
+    }
+  }
+
+  const showLoginLogs = async (user: SubUserItem) => {
+    try {
+      const res = await api.get(`/sub-users/${user.id}/login-logs`)
+      setLoginLogs(res.data.data || [])
+      setAuditLogs(null)
+      setModalTitle(`${user.username} - 登录日志`)
+      setLogPage(1)
+    } catch {
+      dialog.alert('错误', '获取登录日志失败')
+    }
+  }
+
+  const closeModal = () => {
+    setAuditLogs(null)
+    setLoginLogs(null)
+  }
+
+  const currentLogTotal = auditLogs?.length ?? loginLogs?.length ?? 0
+  const logTotalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(currentLogTotal / logPageSize))
+  const currentLogPage = Math.min(logPage, logTotalPages)
+  const logStart = (currentLogPage - 1) * logPageSize
+  const currentAuditLogs = auditLogs?.slice(logStart, logStart + logPageSize)
+  const currentLoginLogs = loginLogs?.slice(logStart, logStart + logPageSize)
+
+  if (loading) {
+    return (
+      <div className="flex items-center justify-center py-20">
+        <div className="h-8 w-8 animate-spin rounded-full border-b-2 border-black" />
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-5">
+      <div>
+        <h1 className="text-xl font-semibold text-black dark:text-white">子用户管理</h1>
+        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">容器分配的子用户列表，共 {users.length} 个</p>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-gray-900">
+        {users.length === 0 ? (
+          <div className="flex flex-col items-center justify-center px-6 py-16 text-center">
+            <div className="mb-4 flex h-14 w-14 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800">
+              <UserCog className="h-7 w-7 text-gray-400" />
+            </div>
+            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">暂无子用户</div>
+          </div>
+        ) : (
+          <table className="w-full min-w-[820px] text-sm">
+            <thead className="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
+              <tr>
+                <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium w-12">#</th>
+                <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium">容器名称</th>
+                <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium">UUID</th>
+                <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium">最后登录</th>
+                <th className="px-4 py-3 text-center font-medium">操作</th>
+              </tr>
+            </thead>
+            <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100 dark:divide-gray-800">
+              {users.map((user, index) => (
+                <tr key={user.id} className="hover:bg-gray-50 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">
+                  <td className="px-4 py-3 text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">{index + 1}</td>
+                  <td className="px-4 py-3 font-medium text-black dark:text-white">{user.container_name || '-'}</td>
+                  <td className="px-4 py-3 font-mono text-xs text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{user.container_uuid || '-'}</td>
+                  <td className="px-4 py-3 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">
+                    {user.last_login ? (
+                      <div>
+                        <div className="text-xs">{user.last_login}</div>
+                        <div className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">{user.last_login_ip}</div>
+                      </div>
+                    ) : (
+                      <span className="text-gray-400">从未登录</span>
+                    )}
+                  </td>
+                  <td className="px-4 py-3">
+                    <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1">
+                      <button
+                        onClick={() => setPasswordUser(user)}
+                        className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1.5 rounded text-xs text-amber-600 hover:bg-amber-50 dark:hover:bg-amber-900/30 transition-colors"
+                        title="查看密码"
+                      >
+                        <KeyRound className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                        查看密码
+                      </button>
+                      <button
+                        onClick={() => showAuditLogs(user)}
+                        className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1.5 rounded text-xs text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50 dark:hover:bg-blue-900/30 transition-colors"
+                        title="查看操作日志"
+                      >
+                        <ScrollText className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                        操作日志
+                      </button>
+                      <button
+                        onClick={() => showLoginLogs(user)}
+                        className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1.5 rounded text-xs text-green-600 hover:bg-green-50 dark:hover:bg-green-900/30 transition-colors"
+                        title="查看登录日志"
+                      >
+                        <LogIn className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                        登录日志
+                      </button>
+                    </div>
+                  </td>
+                </tr>
+              ))}
+            </tbody>
+          </table>
+        )}
+      </div>
+
+      {passwordUser && (
+        <div className="fixed inset-0 bg-black/50 dark:bg-black/70 flex items-center justify-center z-50 p-4">
+          <div className="bg-white dark:bg-gray-900 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 shadow-xl w-full max-w-lg overflow-hidden">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 px-5 py-3 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
+              <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-black dark:text-white">查看密码</h3>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <button
+                  onClick={() => rotatePassword(passwordUser)}
+                  disabled={rotatingPassword}
+                  className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 rounded text-xs text-amber-700 bg-amber-50 hover:bg-amber-100 dark:text-amber-300 dark:bg-amber-900/30 dark:hover:bg-amber-900/50 disabled:opacity-50"
+                  title="轮换密码"
+                >
+                  <RefreshCw className={`w-3.5 h-3.5 ${rotatingPassword ? 'animate-spin' : ''}`} />
+                  {rotatingPassword ? '轮换中...' : '轮换密码'}
+                </button>
+                <button onClick={() => setPasswordUser(null)} className="p-1 text-gray-400 hover:text-black dark:hover:text-white rounded">
+                  <X className="w-4 h-4" />
+                </button>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+            <div className="p-5">
+              <div className="bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-lg p-4 text-sm space-y-3">
+                <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
+                  <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">用户</span>
+                  <span className="min-w-0 text-right font-medium text-black dark:text-white break-all">{passwordUser.username}</span>
+                </div>
+                <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
+                  <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">地址</span>
+                  <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
+                    <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black dark:text-white break-all">{managementUrl(passwordUser)}</span>
+                    <button onClick={() => copyText(managementUrl(passwordUser))} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black dark:hover:text-white rounded" title="复制">
+                      <Copy className="w-3 h-3" />
+                    </button>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+                <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
+                  <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">密码</span>
+                  <div className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
+                    <span className="font-mono text-xs text-black dark:text-white break-all">
+                      {passwordUser.password || '未保存，请轮换生成新密码'}
+                    </span>
+                    {passwordUser.password && (
+                      <button onClick={() => copyText(passwordUser.password || '')} className="shrink-0 p-0.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-black dark:hover:text-white rounded" title="复制">
+                        <Copy className="w-3 h-3" />
+                      </button>
+                    )}
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {/* Log Modal */}
+      {(auditLogs || loginLogs) && (
+        <div className="fixed inset-0 bg-black/50 dark:bg-black/70 flex items-center justify-center z-50 p-4">
+          <div className="bg-white dark:bg-gray-900 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 shadow-xl w-full max-w-3xl max-h-[85vh] overflow-hidden flex flex-col">
+            <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-5 py-3 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700">
+              <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-black dark:text-white">{modalTitle}</h3>
+              <button onClick={closeModal} className="p-1 text-gray-400 hover:text-black dark:hover:text-white rounded">
+                <X className="w-4 h-4" />
+              </button>
+            </div>
+            <div className="overflow-auto flex-1">
+              {auditLogs && (
+                <table className="w-full text-sm">
+                  <thead className="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 sticky top-0">
+                    <tr>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">操作时间</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">操作</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">IP</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">UA</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-center">结果</th>
+                    </tr>
+                  </thead>
+                  <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100 dark:divide-gray-800">
+                    {auditLogs.length === 0 ? (
+                      <tr><td colSpan={5} className="px-4 py-8 text-center text-gray-400">暂无操作日志</td></tr>
+                    ) : currentAuditLogs?.map((log, i) => (
+                      <tr key={i} className="hover:bg-gray-50 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 whitespace-nowrap">{log.time}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{log.action}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs font-mono text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{log.ip || '-'}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 max-w-[200px] truncate" title={log.user_agent}>{log.user_agent || '-'}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-center">
+                          {log.success !== undefined ? (
+                            log.success ? (
+                              <span className="inline-flex px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs bg-green-50 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400">成功</span>
+                            ) : (
+                              <span className="inline-flex px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs bg-red-50 text-red-600 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400" title={log.error}>{log.error ? '失败' : '失败'}</span>
+                            )
+                          ) : (
+                            <span className="text-gray-400">-</span>
+                          )}
+                        </td>
+                      </tr>
+                    ))}
+                  </tbody>
+                </table>
+              )}
+              {loginLogs && (
+                <table className="w-full text-sm">
+                  <thead className="border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 sticky top-0">
+                    <tr>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">登录时间</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">登录 IP</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left">UA</th>
+                      <th className="px-4 py-2 text-center">结果</th>
+                    </tr>
+                  </thead>
+                  <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100 dark:divide-gray-800">
+                    {loginLogs.length === 0 ? (
+                      <tr><td colSpan={4} className="px-4 py-8 text-center text-gray-400">暂无登录日志</td></tr>
+                    ) : currentLoginLogs?.map((log, i) => (
+                      <tr key={i} className="hover:bg-gray-50 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 whitespace-nowrap">{log.time}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs font-mono text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{log.ip}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 max-w-[250px] truncate" title={log.user_agent}>{log.user_agent}</td>
+                        <td className="px-4 py-2 text-center">
+                          {log.success ? (
+                            <span className="inline-flex px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs bg-green-50 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400">成功</span>
+                          ) : (
+                            <span className="inline-flex px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs bg-red-50 text-red-600 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400">失败</span>
+                          )}
+                        </td>
+                      </tr>
+                    ))}
+                  </tbody>
+                </table>
+              )}
+            </div>
+            {currentLogTotal > 0 && (
+              <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3 border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 px-5 py-3">
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
+                  <span>
+                    显示 {logStart + 1}-{Math.min(logStart + logPageSize, currentLogTotal)} / {currentLogTotal}
+                  </span>
+                  <select
+                    value={logPageSize}
+                    onChange={(event) => {
+                      setLogPageSize(Number(event.target.value))
+                      setLogPage(1)
+                    }}
+                    className="h-7 rounded border border-gray-300 bg-white px-2 text-xs text-gray-700 dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:text-gray-300"
+                  >
+                    <option value={10}>10 / 页</option>
+                    <option value={20}>20 / 页</option>
+                    <option value={50}>50 / 页</option>
+                  </select>
+                </div>
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
+                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage(1)} disabled={currentLogPage === 1} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">首页</button>
+                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage((page) => Math.max(1, page - 1))} disabled={currentLogPage === 1} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">上一页</button>
+                  <span className="px-2 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{currentLogPage} / {logTotalPages}</span>
+                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage((page) => Math.min(logTotalPages, page + 1))} disabled={currentLogPage === logTotalPages} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">下一页</button>
+                  <button onClick={() => setLogPage(logTotalPages)} disabled={currentLogPage === logTotalPages} className="rounded border border-gray-200 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-gray-600 hover:bg-gray-50 disabled:opacity-40 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800">末页</button>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            )}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}

frontend/src/services/api.ts

@@ -197,6 +197,14 @@ export interface LoginLog {
   success: boolean
 }
 
+export interface AuditLog {
+  time: string
+  action: string
+  target: string
+  detail: string
+  user: string
+}
+
 export const getLoginLogs = () =>
   api.get<APIResponse<LoginLog[]>>('/login-logs')
 

frontend/src/utils/clipboard.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+export async function copyToClipboard(text: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  if (!text) return false
+
+  if (navigator.clipboard?.writeText) {
+    try {
+      await navigator.clipboard.writeText(text)
+      return true
+    } catch {
+      // Fall through for non-secure HTTP origins where Clipboard API is blocked.
+    }
+  }
+
+  const textarea = document.createElement('textarea')
+  textarea.value = text
+  textarea.setAttribute('readonly', '')
+  textarea.style.position = 'fixed'
+  textarea.style.top = '0'
+  textarea.style.left = '0'
+  textarea.style.width = '1px'
+  textarea.style.height = '1px'
+  textarea.style.opacity = '0'
+  textarea.style.pointerEvents = 'none'
+
+  const selection = document.getSelection()
+  const selectedRange = selection?.rangeCount ? selection.getRangeAt(0) : null
+
+  document.body.appendChild(textarea)
+  textarea.focus({ preventScroll: true })
+  textarea.select()
+  textarea.setSelectionRange(0, textarea.value.length)
+
+  let copied = false
+  try {
+    copied = document.execCommand('copy')
+  } finally {
+    document.body.removeChild(textarea)
+    if (selection && selectedRange) {
+      selection.removeAllRanges()
+      selection.addRange(selectedRange)
+    }
+  }
+
+  return copied
+}